爱上海419论坛-阿拉上海后花园419-夜上海最新论坛社区-上海品茶工作室

　　 　Adhering to integrity and innovation is an important "password" for scientific theory to keep its vitality forever. In the new era, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people regard "upholding integrity and innovation" as a scientific method to promote theoretical innovation, which opens up a new realm of the modernization of Marxism in China. Culture is the soul of a country and a nation, and it is the field that needs to be upright and innovative most. The cultural thought of the supreme leader is the theoretical achievement of innovation and development in keeping integrity, which embodies the spiritual characteristics of keeping integrity and innovation. Under the guidance of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, our party and people have strengthened their cultural self-confidence and made historic achievements in promoting cultural construction. Focusing on the new cultural mission of the new era, we must persist in recognizing ourselves by being upright, be firm in our direction, grasp the present and meet the future with innovation, and strive to contribute to the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

　　The cultural thought of the supreme leader is a great achievement of keeping integrity and innovation.

　　 　A history of the modernization of Marxism in China is the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people promoting the new development of Marxism in the process of innovation. Marxism is not only a scientific theory, but also a developing and open theory. In the extraordinary course of more than a hundred years, our Party has repeatedly stressed that the basic principles of Marxism must be observed, and at the same time, it has to "write new works and form new theories" to promote the continuous development of Marxism as a sacred duty and constantly write a new chapter in the modernization of Marxism in China. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our Party has put forward and adhered to the fundamental approach of "two combinations", enriched and developed Marxism with brand-new ideological content, founded Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in a new era, and achieved a new leap in the modernization of Marxism in China. As the cultural chapter of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, the Supreme Leader’s cultural thought is an important theoretical achievement of upholding integrity and innovation.

　　 　"Keeping the right" means sticking to the truth and the right path. The "correctness" of the supreme leader’s cultural thought is embodied in his persistent adherence to Marxist cultural theory and socialist cultural direction. This thought always adheres to the Marxist cultural ideal and value pursuit, insists on observing and thinking about cultural issues with historical materialism, and clearly opposes historical nihilism and cultural nihilism; Efforts should be made to consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field and adhere to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s cultural leadership and the fundamental direction of socialist cultural development. The "integrity" of the supreme leader’s cultural thought is also reflected in the conscious inheritance of Chinese excellent traditional culture. This thought puts forward and adheres to the fundamental requirements of "two combinations", summarizes and refines the outstanding characteristics and cultural essence of Chinese civilization, and emphasizes the consolidation of the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation in consolidating the foundation, cultivating the source and dredging the flow, which has laid a solid cultural foundation for the development and progress of contemporary China and polished the distinctive cultural characteristics of Chinese civilization’s exchanges with the world.

　　 　"Innovation" means the courage to explore and open up new horizons. The "innovation" of the supreme leader’s cultural thought is embodied in his creative revelation of the law of socialist cultural construction and his innovative guidance of contemporary China’s cultural development practice. This thought keenly grasps the new development of the times and the new changes of the world situation and national conditions, and puts forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions around major theoretical and practical issues in the field of cultural construction, such as theoretical armed forces, public opinion propaganda, ideological and moral construction, cultural literature and art, network construction and management, and foreign propaganda work, which has enabled our party to reach a new height in its understanding of the laws of cultural construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　 　"Correctness" and "innovation" complement each other and are dialectical unity. The cultural thoughts of the Supreme Leader not only adhere to the "ancestors", but also speak a lot of "new words". On the basis of the present, they integrate history and focus on the future, condensing the essence of Chinese culture and China spirit, and have made original contributions to enriching and developing Marxist cultural theory and inheriting and developing Chinese excellent traditional culture.

　　The spirit of integrity and innovation runs through the cultural thought of the supreme leader.

　　 　At the symposium on cultural inheritance and development, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized three aspects on how to continue to promote cultural prosperity, build a cultural power and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new starting point, namely, strengthening cultural self-confidence, upholding openness and tolerance, and persisting in integrity and innovation. Here, upholding integrity and innovation is not only one of them, but also the foothold of the three. To shoulder the new cultural mission in the new era is, in the final analysis, to create new glory of socialist culture in the process of integrity and innovation. It can be said that keeping integrity and innovation is not only the spiritual background of the formation and establishment of a series of original achievements in the cultural thought of the supreme leader, but also the spiritual characteristics that run through all aspects of the cultural thought of the supreme leader.

　　 　The spirit of keeping integrity and innovation is embodied in the clear emphasis on cultural mission. The Communist Party of China (CPC) is a political party with a strong sense of cultural mission, and has always made unremitting efforts to build a new culture of the Chinese nation. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our party has repeatedly stressed the need to shoulder new cultural missions and create new glories of socialist culture. At the symposium on cultural inheritance and development, the Supreme Leader further pointed out that "the best inheritance of history is to create a new history, and the greatest respect for human civilization is to create a new form of human civilization". "It is our new cultural mission to continue to promote cultural prosperity, build a cultural power and build a modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new starting point." The spirit of being upright and innovative is embedded in the cultural mission we are shouldering: the culture we are committed to today is a new organic and unified cultural life formed by the combination of Marxist scientific theory and Chinese excellent traditional culture genes, and the cultural power and modern civilization of the Chinese nation we are committed to building are the continuation of ancient culture and civilization and the creative transformation and innovative development of excellent traditions. "Although Zhou was an old state, his life was reformed." Only by upholding the spirit of integrity and innovation can we deeply understand and consciously shoulder this new cultural mission and promote the rejuvenation of Chinese culture and civilization.

　　 　The spirit of keeping upright and innovating is embodied in the perseverance of the cultural road. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "It is the only way to open up and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics on the profound foundation of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years, and to combine the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture." Cultural construction is an important part of the overall layout of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s career, and "two combinations" is also the only way to build a socialist cultural power and create a new glory of Chinese culture. The fundamental path of "two combinations" itself clearly embodies the characteristics and requirements of being upright and innovative. "Combination" has laid a solid foundation for our way forward and given Socialism with Chinese characteristics a broader and far-reaching historical depth for its cultural development. "Combination" also gives us a cultural space for innovation, which enables us to master the ideological and cultural initiative, make full use of the valuable resources of Chinese excellent traditional culture and explore future-oriented cultural innovation.

　　 　The spirit of keeping upright and innovating is embodied in the repeated exposition of cultural spirit. The spirit of integrity and innovation is an essential spiritual trait to support and lead a cultural system to move forward and flourish, and it is also an important content repeatedly mentioned and emphasized by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader when discussing cultural spiritual issues. Looking back at history, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly revealed the spirit of integrity and innovation contained in Chinese culture and civilization, emphasizing that "the Chinese nation is a nation of integrity and innovation" and that "Chinese civilization has the cultural subjectivity and vigorous vitality of self-development, responding to challenges and creating new opportunities"; Chinese civilization has outstanding innovation, which "fundamentally determines the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation to be upright and not conservative, to respect the ancient and not to go back to the ancient". Based on the present and looking forward to the future, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attaches great importance to the cultivation and promotion of the spirit of upholding integrity and innovation, emphasizing that "when I propose upholding integrity and innovation, I mean that I will not take the old road of being closed and rigid, nor will I take the evil road of changing my flag". "Cultural workers in the new era must continue the historical context and write contemporary Chinese chapters with the righteousness and spirit of upholding integrity and innovation". These important conclusions profoundly reveal the internal causes of Chinese culture and civilization from the perspective of keeping integrity and innovation, and provide important guidance for the cultivation and promotion of cultural spirit in the new era.

　　 　The spirit of keeping upright and innovating is embodied in the practical requirements for all fronts in the cultural field. The cultural thought of the supreme leader is a systematic and complete scientific system. Adhering to integrity and innovation is not only an important thinking method of the supreme leader’s cultural thought, but also an important working method. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "for cultural construction, being upright can keep you from losing yourself and your direction, and innovation can keep you abreast of the times and lead the times", highlighting the significance of persisting in being upright and innovative. When the Supreme Leader General Secretary led the work in specific fields of cultural construction, he repeatedly emphasized the principles and requirements of upholding integrity and innovation. For example, he emphasized that propaganda and ideological work in the new era should "persist in striving for progress while maintaining integrity and innovation", and hoped that literary and art workers would "grasp the relationship between inheritance and innovation, learn from the past and break the law, so as to make Chinese excellent traditional culture an important source of literary and artistic innovation" and exhorted cultural industry practitioners to "firmly grasp the correct orientation, persist in upholding integrity and innovation, and ensure the cultural industry. It can be said that the spirit of integrity and innovation runs through all aspects of the party’s deployment and promotion of propaganda and ideological and cultural work in the new era.

　　Being upright and innovating is a distinctive feature of cultural construction practice in the new era.

　　 　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "The theoretical leap is not reflected in the originality of words and expressions, nor in the self-consistency and self-proof of logic. In the final analysis, it should be reflected in answering practical questions and leading the development of practice." As an important theoretical achievement of upholding integrity and innovation, the supreme leader’s cultural thought integrates the spiritual characteristics of upholding integrity and innovation into all aspects of cultural practice in guiding the cultural development in the new era, leading to a breakthrough in promoting the construction of a cultural power.

　　 　Stick to the soul of Marxism and write a new chapter in ideological work in the process of radical reform. Ideology determines the nature and direction of culture, which concerns the future and destiny of the party and the country. At the same time, China’s ideological field is facing new situation requirements, and it is necessary to focus on strengthening the cohesion and leading force of socialist ideology in the process of maintaining integrity and innovation. In practice, our party has established and adhered to the fundamental system of Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological field, insisted on promoting the modernization of Marxism in China with "two combinations", and promoted the party’s innovative theory in the new era with rich and diverse forms, paths and methods. Firmly defend the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s cultural leadership, fully implement the ideological work responsibility system, promote the construction and innovation of communication means, improve the communication power, guidance, influence and credibility of news and public opinion, and keep the Internet as the main position, main battlefield and forefront of ideological struggle to create a clear cyberspace; Promote the construction of discipline system, academic system and discourse system of philosophy and social sciences with China characteristics, adhere to the problem orientation, respond to the call of the times, and accelerate the construction of China’s independent knowledge system. In the unremitting efforts to break through simultaneously, stir up turmoil and promote the Qing Dynasty, the ideological situation in China has undergone an overall and fundamental change, and the cohesion and centripetal force of the whole society have been greatly improved, effectively consolidating the common ideological foundation of the United struggle of the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country.

　　 　Adhere to the roots of Chinese excellent traditional culture and create new glory of Chinese culture in the process of bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China (CPC) people have taken a strong historical responsibility to vigorously carry out the inheritance and development project of Chinese excellent traditional culture, deepen the project of exploring the source of Chinese civilization, make full use of the new technologies and means brought by the development of modern science and technology to protect the roots of civilization, and strive to revitalize the strong vitality of Chinese excellent traditional culture; Carry forward the spiritual pedigree of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people with the great spirit of party building as the source, carry out the study and education of party history and the "four histories", innovate and carry out commemorative activities, commend national feats, and continue the red gene and red blood; Adhere to the people-centered creative orientation, guide literary and art workers to vividly reflect the changes of the times, the progress of China and the call of the people, promote the all-round development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries, carry out the project of benefiting the people through culture, and strive to meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the people. The series of measures focus on linking Chinese excellent traditional culture, revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture, promoting the prosperity and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture in the new era, promoting the widespread promotion of socialist core values in the whole society, significantly enhancing the cultural self-confidence of the whole party and the people of the whole country, and condensing more active spiritual strength for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　 　Adhere to the right path of human civilization development and show the new image of Chinese civilization in exchanges and mutual learning. The era background of the accelerated evolution and deep interaction of the "two overall situations" puts forward higher requirements for us to do a good job in cultural exchange and mutual learning of civilizations in the process of defending integrity and innovation. Our party is committed to seeking great harmony for the world, conforming to the general trend of the evolution of human civilization, based on the practice of Chinese modernization, adhering to the position of Chinese culture, proposing and practicing the concept of a community of human destiny, proposing global civilization initiatives, carrying forward the common values of all mankind, and dedicating its achievements in cultural innovation and creation to the world; Accelerate the construction of China discourse and China narrative system, speed up the construction of international communication ability, tell the story of China to the world and spread the voice of China; We will expand ways for civilized exchanges and mutual learning, strengthen international cultural exchanges with the help of public products such as the Belt and Road Initiative, and hold sports and cultural events such as the Winter Olympics and the Asian Games to provide a broad stage for world cultural exchanges and mutual learning. At present, China’s national cultural soft power and Chinese cultural influence have been significantly improved. China’s wisdom, China’s ideas and China’s spirit have been widely spread in the world, which have been understood, respected and shared by more and more people and made important contributions to the development and progress of human civilization.

　　Being upright and innovating is the fundamental law to create a new culture worthy of our new era.

　　 　Under the background of the accelerated evolution and deep interaction of the "two overall situations", cultural construction is facing new situations and new tasks. We must earnestly enhance our ideological recognition and action consciousness of leading the practice of cultural construction in the new era and new journey with the cultural thought of the supreme leader, take on new cultural missions with the integrity and spirit of being upright and innovative, and promote the cultural construction work to constantly show new weather and new actions.

　　 　The first is to explore cultural practice with the spirit of integrity and innovation. All human social life is practical in essence. It is the foundation and premise to realize cultural prosperity and development to develop cultural practice in keeping integrity and innovation. On the basis of profoundly grasping the essential law of cultural change and adhering to the correct direction of cultural development, we should further carry forward the enterprising spirit of pioneering and innovation and the fearless character of bravely accepting new things, focus on deepening the reform of cultural system in practice, constantly explore new ways, models and methods of cultural practice, and continuously enhance cultural cohesion, enhance cultural creativity and expand cultural radiation. The great creation of the people is an inexhaustible source of cultural innovation. To develop cultural practice in innovation, we must always adhere to the principle of "walking with the people in the same direction", firmly base ourselves on the people’s vivid production and life practices, vigorously tap the wisdom and strength contained in the broad masses of people, respect the people’s initiative, and fully stimulate the people’s cultural creativity.

　　 　The second is to cultivate cultural products with the spirit of integrity and innovation. Whether you can produce and create excellent cultural works is an important yardstick to test the cultural creativity of a country and a nation. Cultural masterpieces must be deeply rooted in the rich heritage of national culture. Without keeping the "righteousness" of historical context and losing national characteristics, it is impossible to produce cultural masterpieces that directly reach people’s hearts. At the same time, the cultivation of high-quality works should closely follow the tide of the times, and it is impossible to reflect the "change" of the development of the times with new content and new forms, and it is impossible to form vivid and vivid cultural products. As cultural workers in the new era, we should strengthen our historical and cultural self-confidence, persist in making the past serve the present and bring forth the new, make full use of new technologies and new means to stimulate creative inspiration, enrich cultural connotations, express thoughts and feelings, strive for perfection and innovation, and strive to form excellent works worthy of the nation and the times, so that the cultural tree rooted in historical context and bathed in brilliance in the era will blossom brilliantly.

　　 　The third is to develop cultural theory with the spirit of integrity and innovation. Theory originates from practice and actively reacts to practice, blossoming and bearing fruit in close interaction with practice, and constantly blooming new vitality. The cultural thought of the supreme leader is an open, scientific and systematic ideological system, which will be enriched and developed with the gradual deepening of practice. We should strengthen the research and interpretation of the supreme leader’s cultural thought based on the practice of contemporary China’s cultural construction, deeply grasp its core essence, spiritual essence, rich connotation and practical requirements, and profoundly expound the generating logic and internal relationship of the principled theoretical achievements in this thought. "Marxism does not exclude all truth, no matter when and where it comes from, as long as it is truth, it can be used as a nutrient to enrich and develop itself." Enriching and developing cultural theory in the innovation of upholding integrity also requires us to face the world and the future, learn from others’ wisdom and make dialectical choices in the "sum of human knowledge" under the premise of firmly adhering to the "upholding integrity" of "two combinations", so as to promote the continuous enrichment and development of China-oriented and modernized Marxist cultural theory.

　　 　(Author: Shen Zhuanghai Liu Shuijing, both professors of Marxism College of Wuhan University)

CCTV News:On October 15th, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security announced that the application and review of Beijing’s settlement of points in 2020 had all been completed, and the results were announced. According to the annual scale of 6,000 people, a total of 6,032 people planned to be eligible for settlement this year.

This year is the first year of the implementation of the new version of the points settlement policy in Beijing. Since the release of the New Deal in July, a total of 122,852 people have participated in the declaration. According to the annual scale of 6,000 people and the implementation of the same score, this year, a total of 6,032 people intend to obtain the qualification to settle down, with a corresponding minimum score of 97.13. Applicants can log in to the online declaration system for settlement of points to check their annual points and rankings.

From today (October 15) to October 22, the settlement of points will be transferred to the publicity stage, and the list of relevant personnel will be publicized on the portal website of the municipal government "Window of the Capital" for social supervision. If there is no objection after publicity, you can apply for permanent residence in this city in accordance with relevant regulations from October 23, 2020 to December 31, 2022.

Beijing’s point settlement policy aims to implement the reform requirements of the national household registration system and gradually promote the settlement of ordinary workers who have been legally and stably employed in Beijing for a long time. Up to now, in 2018 and 2019, 12,046 people have obtained the qualification to settle down, 11,557 people have settled down, and 8,848 children have moved with them, totaling 20,405 people.

Cherish the important achievements of China’s anti-epidemic struggle

Tong zhaohui

　　Over the past three years, China’s anti-epidemic and epidemic prevention process has been extremely extraordinary. Facing the severe and complicated situation, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has always adhered to the people first and life first, United and led the whole party and people of all ethnic groups to fight the epidemic with one heart, with a strong historical responsibility and strong strategic determination, optimized and adjusted the prevention and control policies and measures according to the situation, effectively coordinated the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic and social development, withstood the impact of multiple rounds of virus mutation, minimized the serious illness rate and death rate, effectively protected people’s life safety and health, and created a populous country to successfully get out of the epidemic in the history of human civilization.

　　The remarkable advantages of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system are the fundamental guarantee for China to win the fight against the epidemic.In the face of the menacing epidemic, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always personally commanded and deployed, explicitly demanding that people’s life safety and physical health be put first, and repeatedly stressing that epidemic prevention and control should be the most important task at present. "In order to protect people’s lives, we can do anything!" Over the past three years, the General Secretary has presided over the The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) Conference and the Politburo meeting of the Chinese Communist Party for many times, and made important instructions for many times, which pointed out the way forward and provided fundamental follow-up for coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, and provided fundamental political guarantee for calmly coping with various major risks and challenges. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country made concerted efforts to overcome difficulties and successfully avoided the widespread spread of virus strains with strong pathogenicity and high mortality. Since November 2022, we have achieved a smooth transition in epidemic prevention and control in a relatively short period of time, with more than 200 million people being treated and nearly 800,000 critically ill patients being effectively treated. COVID-19’s mortality rate has remained at the lowest level in the world, and it has achieved a major decisive victory in epidemic prevention and control.

　　Practice has proved that the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s incomparable strong leadership is the most reliable backbone of the people of China when the storm strikes. Socialism with Chinese characteristics system has extraordinary organization and mobilization ability, overall coordination ability and implementation ability, and can give full play to the unique advantages of concentrating on doing great things, difficult things and urgent things. As long as we unite as a "hard piece of steel" under the banner of the Party and give full play to the advantages of the socialist system, the great ship China will surely be able to brave the storm, break the waves and forge ahead.

　　The majority of medical staff are United in their efforts and forget their lives, which is the backbone of China’s anti-epidemic struggle.The anti-epidemic course of more than three years is a panoramic record of the vast number of medical staff who are dressed in white as a armor, go retrograde, risk their lives and forget their lives, and fail to fulfill their mission. When the epidemic situation in Wuhan was at its worst, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China gave the order, all directions rushed to help, 42,600 soldiers in white went out in reverse, and many intensive care professionals went out to fight as fast as they could, and more than 8 million pieces of protective clothing and more than 70,000 sets of medical treatment equipment were urgently dispatched … The epidemic situation was the order, and white clothes were the uniforms. With sincerity to the motherland and people and respect for life, the vast number of medical staff fought against time and continuously, and built a steel Great Wall to stop the virus with flesh and blood, saving one life after another and interpreting the doctors’ kindness and great love. For more than three years, the majority of medical staff have always adhered to the forefront of the anti-epidemic struggle, guarding their lives with professionalism, taking on the mission with great love, and working with high intensity and overload for a long time. "People first, life first", "Protecting people’s life safety and health can be done at all costs" … These loud China voices reverberate in the hearts of every white soldier and warm the hearts of every Chinese.

　　In December, 2022, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University mobilized the whole hospital to treat patients in response to the severe peak in COVID-19, and fully guaranteed the treatment of critically ill patients. The picture shows that medical staff are treating patients. Photo courtesy of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital

　　Scientific prevention and control, rapid response and flexible response are the magic weapons for China’s anti-epidemic struggle.After the outbreak of the epidemic, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core attached great importance to it, made rapid arrangements, formulated strategies and strategies for epidemic prevention and control in time, and led the people of the whole country to launch a people’s war, an overall war and a blocking war for epidemic prevention and control, which effectively changed the dangerous process of virus transmission. After entering the stage of epidemic normalization prevention and control, the CPC Central Committee scientifically judged and determined the general strategy of "external defense input, internal defense rebound" and the general policy of "dynamic clearing", effectively handled more than 100 cluster epidemics, and won valuable time for the development and application of vaccines and drugs and the preparation of medical resources. After the epidemic prevention and control entered a new stage, the prevention and control measures were continuously optimized and adjusted around "protecting health and preventing severe diseases", and a smooth transition of epidemic prevention and control was realized in a short time. Practice has proved that at every stage of epidemic prevention and control, we have made a correct choice based on rationality, science and responsibility. Our prevention and control strategies at different stages have achieved remarkable results.

　　The practice of the anti-epidemic struggle has fully demonstrated the power of scientific decision-making. Medical experts who fought in the front line of anti-epidemic put forward many important suggestions from a professional point of view, which were adopted by the Central Steering Group and the National Health and Wellness Commission, providing valuable experience for the prevention and control of epidemic situation nationwide. In view of the false negative of nucleic acid detection in the early stage of the epidemic, the suggestion of "clinical diagnosis" was put forward, which was adopted by the central guidance group, so that a large number of patients were treated in time and realized "all due and all due"; In view of the increasing number of early severe and critical patients, the treatment is difficult and the prognosis is poor, it is very important to put forward the principle of "moving forward and actively treating" in time for medical treatment and epidemic control; According to the clinical characteristics of patients, the early identification methods of severe and critical patients are formulated; Formulate a series of diagnosis and treatment norms and procedures, and so on. In addition, rushing to build a shelter hospital, developing vaccines through multiple technical routes, carrying out large-scale nucleic acid detection, tracing the source of big data and identifying health codes, and preventing and controlling the differences by region and classification are all respects and promotion of the scientific spirit, which have provided strong support for overcoming the epidemic.

　　Work together with other countries in the world to overcome the difficulties and show China’s role as a big country.When you are cold, you will know the pine and cypress, but when you are in trouble, you will see the truth. When the epidemic in China was at its worst, the World Health Organization sent a team of experts to China to help fight the epidemic, and many countries gave them moral and material support. When the epidemic broke out in many places around the world and some countries encountered difficulties, China overcame its own difficulties and launched the largest global emergency humanitarian action since the founding of New China, conveying the big pattern and great responsibility of a developing country, which is responsible for the life safety and health of its own people as well as the global public health. China has co-organized more than 300 technical exchange activities on epidemic prevention and control, medical treatment, etc. with more than 180 countries and regions and more than 10 international organizations, sent anti-epidemic medical experts to 34 countries, provided a large number of anti-epidemic materials to more than 150 countries and 15 international organizations, and provided more than 2.2 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine to more than 120 countries and international organizations … China has helped save thousands of lives around the world with practical actions, and demonstrated China’s sincere desire to promote the building of a community of human destiny with practical actions.

　　The epidemic knows no borders, and human destiny is shared. In the process of fighting the epidemic, the international community has helped each other in the same boat, showing the powerful strength of the community of human destiny. Strengthening global public health governance still has a long way to go and requires the joint efforts of all countries in the world. We are willing to share anti-epidemic experience with other countries, jointly develop and produce vaccines, strengthen epidemic monitoring and information sharing, and promote the construction of a global public health governance system; With a more open and inclusive attitude, we welcome the international community to carry out scientific research and cooperation in China and make positive contributions to global public health governance; Adhere to multilateralism, oppose unilateralism and protectionism, promote the construction of an open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win global public health governance system, and make greater contributions to building a community of human destiny.

　　Be prepared for danger in times of peace, "combining peace with epidemic", and resolutely consolidate the hard-won major achievements in epidemic prevention and control.On February 16th, 2023, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) meeting, fully affirmed the great achievements made in China’s anti-epidemic and epidemic prevention in the past three years, profoundly analyzed the current situation of epidemic prevention and control, defined the objectives and tasks of the new stage of epidemic prevention and control, and made comprehensive arrangements for all prevention and control work. We should cherish the important achievements in the anti-epidemic struggle, thoroughly sum up the anti-epidemic experience over the past three years, grasp the work of epidemic prevention and control in the new stage with a sense of responsibility that we can’t rest assured at all times, strengthen the health service system, and resolutely consolidate the hard-won major achievements in epidemic prevention and control.

　　We must conscientiously implement the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee, tighten the "four-party responsibility", focus on key links, strengthen the capacity building of epidemic monitoring and normalized early warning, improve the epidemic monitoring system and information reporting system, make timely and accurate early warning, and take necessary emergency prevention and control measures. We will do a good job in the construction of a normalized, graded and stratified medical and health system, optimize the distribution of resources, build a strong three-level medical and health service network with public medical institutions as the main body, promote the expansion and sinking of high-quality medical resources, and make graded diagnosis and treatment truly highlight the effect; Take measures to strengthen the capacity building of medical institutions such as community hospitals, so that some minor illnesses can be solved in small hospitals; Effectively solve the problem of brain drain, retain primary medical staff, strengthen security, improve the incentive mechanism, and retain and use talents well. Coordinate the promotion of scientific and technological research in the field of health, and gather all forces to improve the scientific level of life and health; Strengthen the production and supply of medical materials, consolidate and improve the overall deployment mechanism of personnel and materials, and effectively solve the shortcomings and weaknesses in grassroots frontline capabilities, medicines and equipment. Do a good job of "combining epidemic prevention with epidemic prevention". When there is no epidemic situation, prepare for a rainy day and reserve strength, provide people with more accessible and higher-level medical resources by promoting the construction of national regional medical centers, and optimize the regional distribution of high-quality medical resources; In case of public health emergencies and catastrophic accidents, the plan is put in place and quickly switched, the major epidemic treatment base is quickly started, and the emergency medical resources are stably supplied and effectively responded.

　　Looking back over the past three years, we have overcome unprecedented difficulties and challenges. The important achievements in China’s anti-epidemic struggle are hard to come by and deserve to be cherished. The great practice of the anti-epidemic struggle has fully demonstrated the remarkable advantages of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s leadership and the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, the great strength of the people of China and the Chinese nation, the profound heritage of Chinese civilization, and the conscious responsibility of China as a responsible big country, which has greatly enhanced the self-confidence and pride, cohesion and centripetal force of the whole party and people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, and will certainly inspire us to forge ahead bravely in the new era and new journey.

Authors: Standing Committee Member and Vice President of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Director of Beijing Institute of Respiratory Diseases.

In order to speed up the innovation and development of Guangzhou’s digital economy, focus on improving digital productivity and explore the construction of a new digital economy ecology with data as the key element, the Guangzhou Municipal Government recently issued the Implementation Plan for Building a National Digital Economy Innovation and Development Experimental Zone in Guangzhou (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"). The "Proposal" proposes that Guangzhou will take the lead in exploring new ideas, new models and new paths for the innovation and development of the digital economy, and build Guangzhou into an experimental field for the circulation of digital elements in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, a source of national digital core technologies, and a new benchmark for the transformation of the global digital industry.

Goal: By 2022, Guangzhou’s software and information service industry revenue is expected to exceed 600 billion yuan.

According to the "Proposal", Guangzhou strives to build a policy and regulation system, a public service system, an industrial ecological system and a technological innovation system that are suitable for the development of digital economy through experimental exploration in about two years. The contribution rate of the digital economy to the regional GDP and the penetration rate of industrial digitalization are constantly improving. By 2022, the output value of the electronic information manufacturing industry in the city will exceed 280 billion yuan, and the income of the software and information service industry will exceed 600 billion yuan.

The docking mechanism of digital economy rules in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao is basically perfect, and the innovative elements of digital economy are fully converged, smoothly flowed and deeply applied in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao. New breakthroughs have been made in the efficient allocation of data elements and key technologies of digital economy. Guangzhou will be built into the core area of the National Digital Economy Innovation and Development Experimental Zone (Guangdong), and a number of innovative development experiences that can be replicated and promoted will be summarized, which will strongly support the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and lead the high-quality development of the national digital economy.

Key tasks: By 2022, the city has built a total of 38,900 5G base stations.

The Plan puts forward six tasks: accelerating the construction of new digital infrastructure, promoting the safe and efficient circulation of innovation elements, improving the construction of digital economy innovation system, enhancing the advantages of core industries of digital economy, accelerating the digital transformation of industries in key areas, and strengthening the supply of digital public services.

According to the Plan, Guangzhou should speed up the construction of new digital infrastructure. Building a high-speed intelligent network of all things. Build 5G SA (independent networking) in an all-round way, promote the construction of F5G (fifth generation fixed network), and explore and test 10 Gigabit access capability by using 50G PON (passive optical fiber network) technology. On the basis of taking the lead in realizing the commercialization of 5G, expand the test and construction scale of 700MHz band radio and television 5G network. By 2022, the city has built a total of 38,900 5G base stations, and built a high-reliability, low-delay and wide-coverage 5G network to continuously cover the city. Pre-emptively deploy the construction of transmission infrastructure such as the next generation Internet, and further enhance the end-to-end connectivity of IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6). Accelerate the construction of applied digital infrastructure in industries such as industrial internet and car networking, and promote the formation of industry public service platforms. At the same time, accelerate the upgrading of traditional infrastructure "wisdom+". We will comprehensively promote the construction of smart airports, smart waterways, smart ports and smart city rail transit, accelerate the intelligent transformation of Guangzhou Baiyun Airport’s construction, operation and management in the whole life cycle, support Nansha Port to build a fully digital, intelligent and unmanned Bay Area demonstration port, and build a national smart city rail transit benchmark demonstration.

It is worth mentioning that in terms of the circulation of innovative elements, Guangzhou should explore the establishment of a government "chief data officer" system to promote the innovation of public data application scenarios. In the fields of population management, financial services, medical and health care, education, transportation, biological safety, etc., we will co-ordinate and organize the development and utilization of public data resources, establish a list of development and utilization directories, and clarify border conditions and regulatory measures. Explore the establishment of a sandbox experimental zone for data circulation and governance, and carry out pre-research on relevant laws and regulations such as data confirmation and personal data protection. Accelerate the legislative work in the field of digital economy and establish a full-chain system of data resources.

At the same time, we will strive for national support to implement cross-border open sharing and security management of data in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao, take the lead in exploring the circulation rules of data elements in Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao, and promote the full convergence, smooth flow and deep application of data resources in Greater Bay Area.

Technical research: concentrate on the research and innovation of general technology based on digital economy

According to the "Program", Guangzhou should strengthen key technical research in key areas. Concentrate on the research and innovation of basic general technology, cutting-edge subversive technology and asymmetric technology of digital economy. We will continue to promote the implementation of research and development plans in key areas, and strive to break through key core technologies in key areas such as integrated circuit manufacturing equipment, materials and processes, basic software and industrial software.

In the key areas, it is emphasized that Guangzhou should explore the development of new integrated circuits such as FDSOI (fully depleted silicon on insulator technology) and heterogeneous integration. Support large industrial software enterprises to break through key core technologies such as CAD (Computer Aided Design), CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) and EDA (Electronic Design Automation). At the same time, accelerate the construction of major carriers and pilot demonstrations. We will comprehensively promote the construction of the national new generation artificial intelligence innovation and development pilot zone, the national artificial intelligence innovation and application pilot zone, and the national blockchain development pilot zone, and create a source of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology innovation, a new highland for agglomeration and development, a key area for open cooperation, and an experimental field for institutional reform.

Among them, Guangzhou should focus on breaking through the design of high-end general-purpose chips in the field of integrated circuits, vigorously develop the third-generation semiconductor chips, proactively lay out millimeter-wave chips and terahertz chips, give priority to the development of characteristic process chip manufacturing, support advanced process chip manufacturing, and actively promote the manufacturing of mixed digital and analog chips. Accelerate the construction of the second phase project of "Guangdong Core" in Guangzhou, and promote the IC design, packaging and testing enterprises to become bigger and stronger. Take the lead in implementing the national action plan for ultra-high definition video industry, plan to build the display capital of the world, and provide the hardware foundation for building the national ultra-high definition video application demonstration zone and content production base. In the field of smart cars, Guangzhou will promote the research and development and industrialization of high-precision sensors, car-level chips, intelligent operating systems, intelligent terminals, intelligent computing platforms, information security, high-precision maps (positioning) and other products.

The "Proposal" proposes that Guangzhou should strengthen the supply of digital public services. Among them, the digital government should accelerate the iterative upgrade. Through trusted identity, electronic license sharing, cross-departmental and cross-regional common maintenance and verification of government service data, materials, running, time limit and links will be reduced to the maximum extent, and the government service brand of "one network for running and the whole city for running" will be built, and the urban operation management center of "Sui Zhi Guan" will be built.

In terms of building a digital base for smart cities, Guangzhou proposes to build and deploy an urban brain neural sensing network with sensitive perception, interconnection and timely decision-making. We will further promote the development of intelligent transportation, speed up the two-way communication between Internet data and urban intersection signal control systems, implement flexible adjustment of traffic control with traffic flow, build a parking information platform, and improve the service levels of parking space inquiry, map navigation and parking space reservation. Actively promote the construction of smart light poles and accelerate the transformation of existing light poles with "one pole for multiple purposes".

　　"China Space Station will surpass Mir Space Station in terms of functions, application benefits, construction technology, material replenishment and other important indicators, reaching or approaching the level of the International Space Station; We will surpass the level of the International Space Station in terms of information technology, energy technology, power technology and operational cost-effectiveness. " Academician Zhou Jianping, the chief designer of China’s manned spaceflight project, revealed at the 4th Chinese Project Summit Forum.

　　At the same time, Shanguang Chen, chairman of the forum, pointed out: "With the support of the Human Factors Engineering Section, China Space Station will definitely provide a warm space home for China astronauts and world astronauts, and make original achievements in Chinese."

　　Although human factors engineering is a strange scientific field to the public, four human factors engineering conferences have been held, each time releasing heavy signals and memorable news.

　　People are full of infinite imagination about the coming year of 2020 — — The space station era is coming, and the space year is coming!

　　Do astronauts drink their own urine in the sky?

　　Regenerative life support system is a sign of long-term residence.

　　"Urine may be a waste on the ground, but it is a resource in the sky." Wu Zhiqiang, deputy chief designer of the space station system, said a lot of advanced terms before. When he said this sentence, laymen were shocked — — Do astronauts drink their own urine in the sky?

　　The ancients said "not dirty and unclean". With the development of science and technology, it seems that the time has come to subvert our "three views".

　　Since Shenzhou 5 Yang Liwei went to heaven, China entered the era of manned space flight, supported by the first generation of life support system. Later, every time Shenzhou went to heaven, it would go to a higher level in terms of human security. By the last Shenzhou XI, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong spent 33 days cruising in space, showing their fashionable life of drinking tea and keeping fit in space to the people of the whole country.

　　Next, China enters the space station stage. What’s the difference?

　　Astronauts will stay in the space station for up to 180 days! As in previous times, it’s no good just bringing food, drink and oxygen. Although we have supporting cargo ship support, the cost of launching once is too high, and the life support system must be upgraded — — Physical and chemical regeneration life support system came into being.

　　"Machines should serve people." This sentence that Shanguang Chen often emphasized is believed to be our common belief, but in fact, with the continuous progress of technology, human beings have become more and more dependent on and worshipped machines, and gradually forgot their original intentions.

　　There is no denying that the man who created the machine is really great, and so is the machine. For example, Chang ‘e-1 to Chang ‘e-4 are exploring the moon for Chinese now, and next year’s Mars rover will help us to find out where the imagination of many generations has been entrusted. Machines have been opening up territory for us.

　　But machines can never replace people. People are uncertain, at the same time, people are irreplaceable factors. When people face new things and complex problems in person, their emotions, communicative thinking and comprehensive decision-making ability are beyond the reach of machines, which is the greatest driving force for science.

　　The summit forum on human factors engineering has been held for four years in a row. In four different cities, a large number of old academicians, old scientists, generals, lieutenant generals, chief engineers, deputy chief engineers and male and female astronauts are gathered every time. Recently, Wang Jian and Mao Ming, new academicians under great fame, have attended many meetings.

　　Why do so many famous scientists and designers of big countries attach so much importance to human factors engineering?

　　Perhaps, as China Space Station opens its doors to astronauts and scientists all over the world, human factors engineering will also be unveiled and truly understood by the public. The original research results produced by space research will serve our lives more and more.

　　With the construction of the space station, how to run the materialized regenerative life support system for long-term space flight reliably and efficiently has become the best example to explain human factors engineering.

　　Regenerative life support is a key sign system for astronauts from short-term flight to long-term in-orbit stay.

　　This environmental control and life support system not only collects and transforms people’s sweat and urine in the system, but also aims at establishing people’s living environment to ensure people to work efficiently and comfortably. In other words, the creative design practice of this system is all around people, serving people to eat, drink, sleep and work in a closed spacecraft.

　　"Regenerative life insurance technology is very complicated and is called a worldwide problem. It can be seen from the development process in the United States and Russia that the technology is very difficult and the investment is very large. " Wu Zhiqiang introduced that the development cost of a water treatment system on the US space station was 200 million US dollars. The International Space Station has been built for more than 10 years, and the regenerative life support system really only took five or six years.

　　Why are the United States and Russia so willing to invest money in this system?

　　Because according to their calculations, it costs 40,000-50,000 dollars to transport 1 kg of material to the orbit of the International Space Station, and 1 g of water is basically equivalent to the value of gold. "Of course, this is just water, and it also needs containers for water. Together, the economic cost is even greater." However, people generally need more than two kilograms of water a day, which is enough for three to six astronauts to spend six months to more than one year. It can be said that they are constantly burning money.

　　The International Space Station has spent more than 100 billion dollars. It is a challenge for China to make the design and management of the space station better and realize the pursuit of science and technology at less cost. Only by doing this can we be a sustainable development way.

　　This is the task of Wu Zhiqiang. Chinese has always had a big brain.

　　When astronauts are studied as the core of system engineering, they become very close to ordinary people. Everyone excretes 1.6 kilograms of urine and 1.7 kilograms of sweat a day, and there is water in the stool. Recycling water is the foundation. In addition, water contains oxygen, which can also be obtained by water electrolysis. In addition, the amount of carbon dioxide produced by people in breathing is 1 kg per day. These wastes should be returned to their respective places, recycled in different treatment systems, and finally converted into available resources in the space capsule. In the future, the cargo spacecraft can carry a basic amount, and the cost is greatly reduced.

　　"Reclaimed water, in a sense, is a kind of water produced in orbit. It is extracted from waste. In order to ensure people’s life and health, it must strictly meet medical requirements. " Popular science in Wu Zhiqiang has given the public a fact that if we want to travel around space, we also need to reuse the urine of the converted cabin personnel.

　　It must be said that when human beings look at the vast space, they deeply feel that it is extremely vast and has no boundaries. When human beings look at themselves, simply eating, drinking and sleeping is actually an extremely precise and borderless field. However, the study of ourselves determines how far we can go if we leave the land under our feet.

　　"This system has the most manned characteristics, and it is also an important symbol to distinguish manned spacecraft from unmanned spacecraft." Wu Zhiqiang’s task is ordinary in words, but it is a multi-system interdisciplinary subject in practice.

　　It can be seen that the parents of this body are naturally enjoying their own bodies, but they don’t realize that this is the greatest machine and there is endless room for exploration.

　　This system, which was previously hidden behind the spacecraft, is coming into people’s field of vision when astronauts are about to stay in space for a long time and are planning to go to the moon and Mars.

　　However, what if such precious recycling equipment breaks down in case it is used? This involves a typical human factor problem — — On-orbit maintenance of space equipment.

　　Even maintenance is also human.

　　The life of the space station is not only built, but also repaired.

　　"After the completion of the China Space Station, we will use the operation of astronauts and the cooperation of mechanical arms to transfer the solar wing to this position to improve the working efficiency of solar wing batteries. This is a very complicated on-orbit operation. If China astronauts do this, I think we will reach the same level of extravehicular operation as the International Space Station. " Zhou Jianping pointed out the design of China Space Station and explained it to everyone.

　　In the weightless environment, astronauts leave the cabin, transfer and repair equipment. The scene of astronauts working in harsh space environment in American movies is vivid. Many fans expect China to enter the era of space station, just to see that Chinese can do such a difficult job. The scene described by Zhou Jianping is not only difficult, but also proves the strength and ability of the China astronauts, which is exciting to think about.

　　Zhou Jianping used the space station as an example. At that time, the design life of the Soviet Union’s Mir space station was only five years. Because of the participation of some people, the Mir space station continued until 1999. Because the Russian operation and maintenance cost was unbearable, it was derailed. Similarly, there is no active participation in the current International Space Station, and it is impossible to maintain this state.

　　It seems that the life of the space capsule is not only made, but also repaired.

　　Zhou Jianping reveals the secret — —

　　This time, our telescope will also be in the earth’s orbit, with a magnificent name, called "Sky Survey". Compared with Hubble telescope, the field of view of the survey telescope is more than 300 times larger, but the resolution is comparable. It can fly in common orbit with China Space Station. When the space station needs to replenish it, the astronauts need to repair it, or the equipment needs to be upgraded, it can dock on the space station, and the astronauts will leave after the necessary operations, and then continue to fly in common orbit.

　　In the past, if satellites were launched out of control, they would lose hundreds of millions or even billions, and they would also become space junk suspended in orbit. But in the future, there will be onboard engineers in the spacecraft who can capture these satellites for maintenance. There are also some satellites that have expired, and we can also replace them for maintenance to increase their life.

　　As we all know, it is a breeze for us to twist a screwdriver on the ground, not to mention the load engineer and the astronaut from the Air Force. However, under the threat of extravehicular cosmic rays and flying rocks, astronauts must wear spacesuits as hard and heavy as a small spacecraft, and clumsy gloves make it very difficult to hold things. Therefore, the maintenance in the sky is mostly modular and integrated.

　　Just like children putting together Lego, even if it is a problem of a line or a screw, a whole module should be replaced to ensure safety and efficiency.

　　Shanguang Chen said that the on-orbit operation of the space station will reach more than 10 years, and there are many equipments including spacesuits and regenerative life support systems, which can greatly prolong the on-orbit service life and reduce the transportation cost through maintenance and parts replacement. How to ensure the quality of maintenance and improve the efficiency of maintenance should fully consider human capacity, space constraints, tool constraints and other human factors.

　　In just a few words, everyone has realized the arduous task of astronauts and load engineers in the Heavenly Palace in the future, not only to bear the test of weightlessness on the body, but also to do scientific experiments; It is necessary to observe both outer space and the earth from high altitude; It is necessary to go to the cargo ship to carry goods, to repair and overhaul the space station outside the cabin, and to launch micro-satellites to repair the survey telescope that is docked in parallel.

　　After Zhai Zhigang leaves the cabin and waves the national flag, future China astronauts will walk out of the cabin door more and more to work hard for our aircraft!

　　Half a year ago, NASA announced an Artemis project, that is, the United States won the moon again in 2024, and female astronauts will complete the moon landing. People invariably focus their eyes on Wang Yaping, the heroine of China.

　　When Shenzhou-10 was flying, as a space teacher, she gave a popular science class to primary and middle school students in the narrow cabin of Tiangong-1. The opening rate of the video at that time reached 1 billion times. If China can’t land on the moon immediately, it is certain that there will be female astronauts who will stay in the Tiangong for a long time in the near future and conduct scientific experiments in the core cabin and experimental cabin.

　　Wang Yaping’s appearance embodies the beauty of China’s classical beauties and the heroic posture of female soldiers, and her figure is tall and slim. People can’t help feeling pity for jade: how can such a slender woman carry heavy maintenance tasks?

　　This requires ergonomics to design auxiliary equipment that is more suitable for human body to work efficiently.

　　According to reports, the living environment of astronauts has been greatly improved. It can be said that from the past one room and one living room to three rooms and one living room, its livability is better and the extravehicular clothing has been greatly improved.

　　The more perfect the design of human factors, the less uncomfortable people feel, and the closer it will be to the day when ordinary Chinese will go into space.

　　Facing the unknown

　　Human factor evaluation surfaced.

　　Aerospace is a complex giant system, among which, what worries scientists most is how the people inside will survive and how to face the sinister and uncomfortable living environment when the spacecraft leaves the earth, our familiar home. In other words, how can we ensure that astronauts are "born after death" and work pleasantly and efficiently?

　　Human factors engineering studies more about death. This is a subject based on failure, disaster and lessons.

　　"The Boeing plane in Ethiopia went down vertically, reaching 20 meters underground." Academician Liu Daxiang watched the video of Boeing 737MAX’s last out-of-control state some time ago, which made him "particularly uncomfortable". This type of aircraft crashed twice in the four months from the end of last year to the beginning of this year, killing 346 people. At first, Boeing put the blame on people, saying that the driver’s operation was wrong, but "we didn’t analyze this problem, so China was the first to make a decision to stop flying". It was later proved that the pilot of this plane staged a man-machine war in the last 12 minutes. It is said that a system repeatedly forced the nose down, and the pilot repeatedly pulled the nose up again, but in the end, under the arrogant instructions of the machine, the driver could do nothing, causing human tragedy.

　　"Now all fields are completely commanded by machines, which is risky." The famous aero-engine expert in China said that Boeing 737MAX didn’t carry out enough flight test after replacing the engine, and didn’t make a comprehensive evaluation including human factors, and the result was painful.

　　Shanguang Chen believes that the Boeing accident has once again caused the industry to think deeply about the allocation of human-machine functions, and the main reason is that it does not pay attention to human factors evaluation. In fact, many accidents in the aerospace field can be attributed to human error or insufficient error-proof design of machines.

　　"Eliminating operational mistakes is my lifelong goal." Lieutenant General Hu Shixiang, who sent China’s first artificial satellite "Dongfanghong-1" into space in 1970, said this. He participated in organizing more than 100 launch tests of satellites and rockets.

　　What he remembers vividly is the launch of a communication satellite in 1982. After several simulated flights, the data showed that the rocket was short-circuited after 17 seconds of flight.

　　"Check. The socket was opened to see how the welding point was, and it was turned upside down one day and one night, and no problem was found. " Everyone can’t go anywhere, they are all waiting, and he feels stressed. Finally, it was found that there was a solder particle rolling around in a socket. Going back, it was a female inspector in Shanghai who was pregnant, "in a bad mood and missed the inspection."

　　Today, when it comes to aerospace, it is foolproof, and it is all from victory to victory. In fact, in Hu Shixiang’s memory, there was a bleak time. At that time, China had just started to help foreign countries to launch commercial satellites, and failed because of the plug problem and careless problem. "When Zhu Rongji served as deputy prime minister, he visited our base and asked, Commander Hu, can you hit three satellites and drop the next one? You go up and down now, and our hearts can’t stand it. "

　　"Plugs and sockets are often a simple problem, but the result of simple problems is very heavy. It can be said that a screw links the aerospace industry and a small button maintains national dignity. " Hu Shixiang appealed to the human factors experts who attended the meeting, and asked whether the human factors experts could give a measure and a method to reduce human errors and ensure success.

　　Shanguang Chen pointed out: Eliminating human errors and ensuring safety has always been the goal pursued by commanders and engineers at all levels engaged in complex systems and engineering projects, and human factors engineering provides theoretical guidance and design methods for this. These systems are designed by people, and they are bound to be branded by people. The system must be evaluated by relatively independent human factors, and the system that fails this evaluation shall not pass the final acceptance. Manned space flight is establishing this management and technical system.

　　The discipline idea of human factors engineering is to embody the design idea of people-centered, make the machine adapt to people’s needs, and the discipline goal makes the whole system realize safety, high efficiency and high performance. Typical characteristics are system engineering thought, design-oriented and multidisciplinary integration. It can be said that human factors engineering is a people-oriented system engineering.

　　Laozi said: goodness is like water, and water conservancy does not dispute everything. Shanguang Chen borrowed this concept many times and pointed out: people are like water, and if you are tall, I will retreat and not drown your grace; If you are low, I will come to make up for your shortcomings. More and more big countries have introduced human factors engineering into their own top-level design.

　　Bridgehead towards deep space

　　When will cars come and go on the moon?

　　Just like Go, when you take a step, you must design the next three to five steps.

　　When people are cheering and screaming for the 2020 space year, China’s manned space flight has started the deep layout of flying to the moon.

　　Why do you choose the moon for deep space? Shanguang Chen said that manned space flight has three main goals: first, exploring the unknown; The second is to develop and utilize space resources; The third is to expand the living space and find a new home. The moon is "the bridgehead for us to go deep into space".

　　In many science fiction novels, water ice, helium 3, important minerals and other resources on the moon are mined by clones and robots and transported back to the earth to serve mankind. So, what will the moon look like? Will there really be cars coming and going like Shanguang Chen said?

　　He believes that our future moon city will be implemented in stages: outpost, semi-permanent base, and then permanent moon home.

　　The moon home is mainly underground buildings, which can use moon soil and moon rock for heat preservation, heat insulation and radiation protection. Using 3D printing, the lunar dust and excavated lunar soil are printed into building materials. Choose a place where underground space is easy to drill and dig, and take Moon Rock as the base radiation bunker.

　　Shanguang Chen’s description is full of wonderful imagination. Perhaps, with the strong support of engineering and other disciplines, it will be close at hand when we have a super-large thrust rocket?

　　But he changed the subject and talked about a "successful failure."

　　At that time, Apollo 13, which flew to the moon, only flew for 55 hours and 46 minutes, and the agitation of the oxygen tank led to the serious explosion of the spacecraft service module. The spacecraft began to lose power, heat and, more importantly, the astronauts lost breathable oxygen.

　　"However, the astronauts used their quick wits to use the Aquarius lunar module as a lifeboat, and finally got rid of the gravity of the moon and returned to Earth safely. This is a successful case of relying on people’s wisdom and exerting people’s role, so it is a successful failure. " Shanguang Chen hopes to use this example to tell everyone that if we want to March to the moon, we must have more advanced human factors engineering concepts and designs.

　　Because human factors engineering is a kind of efficacy discipline based on failure and death.

　　What is a good designer? "Under danger, the system has the ability to play a human role and restore security." Shanguang Chen pointed out that, inspired by the experience of Apollo 13, our lunar module will directly carry the escape module in the future, which will increase the hope of astronauts’ survival.

　　The characteristic of aerospace is that many escape devices have been designed before. For example, when a rocket is launched, there is an escape tower in the atmosphere, and if something happens, it can parachute back to the ground. Therefore, whether you enter the Tiangong capsule or go to the moon in the future, you should put safety and efficiency first.

　　"Through the construction and development of the moon home, mankind will go to deep space, move to Mars, get out of the solar system, inherit the spark and spread human civilization in the vast universe!" Shanguang Chen set his sights on the future.

　　Perhaps looking back in a few years, 2020 is a very important time node for China’s space flight. Such a grand plan is to start from the core module of the space station — — Tianhe, take the first step.

　　(China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter blocking force)

"Modern Times" stills

Professor of China Ancient History Research Center and History Department, Peking University.??

What does the individual in history mean?

From the perspective of history, why are people "born perfect"?

As an ordinary person, how to compete for the right to interpret the times?

……

Professor of Chinese Department of Peking University

How to recognize people’s passive state?

How can we open the "imagination of humanities" and activate people’s initiative from the inside out?

How can a poem, a novel and a movie help us understand, recognize and change the world?

……

Lecturer, School of Journalism, Renmin University of China

Social networking has brought people closer together. In recent years, with the development of Internet platform economy, people can even be directly "stitched" together like cloth.During the epidemic, when it was impossible to eat in the restaurant, the takeaway staff sewed up a kilometer between the home and the restaurant; When there is no offline activity, the live broadcast sews up the lack of entertainment. In such a society, what marks are left by people as stitched fabrics?

Dong Chenyu, a lecturer at School of Journalism, Renmin University of China, will take us to discuss:

Zhou Feizhou: Does everyone have to be a "social person" unless he is a "social cow" or "social fear"?

Professor and Director of Sociology Department of Peking University.

Modern people have their own cognitive way of "society": being able to communicate with the outside world without fear of being laughed at is a "social cow", and being afraid of communicating with the outside world without being concerned is called "social fear". However, no matter what kind of personality, such a division separates itself from society and forms opposition.

As one of them, obviously we can’t be separated from society, but we are cutting with society all the time.How to truly "enter the society"? How can we be more open to ourselves and others?

Professor Zhou Feizhou, director of the Department of Sociology of Peking University, will share with us:

Wang Min ‘an: In the face of AI, can human beings maintain the potential of "not doing it"?

Professor, Tsinghua University College of Humanities

What can we see when we gaze closely at our time? Climate warming, artificial intelligence, economic turmoil … all contain the possibility of human destruction. We can’t continue to live on the earth, become enslaved objects, and may fall into a new whirlpool at any time. We personally participated in the crisis.

But don’t be swallowed up by the mud and lose the ability to look out. Raise your head and look farther away, where there may be another possibility of saying "no"

Professor Wang Min ‘an from Tsinghua University College of Humanities will take us to discuss:

Born as a human being, we can undoubtedly follow the rhythm of society and March towards the recognized "good life"; But we need to keep our thinking ability and find our own answer to "being human".

May 27th, andTriple readingTogether, the problem is heavy.New spread, towards more dimensions, ask questions.

Typesetting | Susu

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　　Xinhua News Agency, Jakarta, November 8-A 7.2-magnitude earthquake struck the waters near Maluku province, Indonesia, and no casualties or property losses have been reported.

　　According to the website of the Indonesian Meteorological, Climate and Geophysical Bureau, the earthquake occurred at 11: 52 Jakarta time (12: 52 Beijing time), and the epicenter was located in the sea area 251 kilometers northwest of Taningbar Islands County, Maluku Province, about 341 kilometers away from Ambon, the capital of Maluku Province, with a focal depth of 10 kilometers.

　　Indonesia’s Meteorological, Climate and Geophysical Bureau recorded strong earthquakes on islands near the epicenter. The bureau did not issue a tsunami warning for this earthquake, but warned that there may be aftershocks near the epicenter.

　　According to the news released by the Earthquake Information Network of the US Geological Survey, the magnitude of this earthquake is 6.9.

　　Indonesia is located in the Pacific Rim seismic belt, and thousands of earthquakes occur every year. In September 2018, an earthquake of magnitude 7.4 occurred in Dongala County, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The earthquake and its tsunami caused more than 2,000 deaths.

　　Cctv newsOn the afternoon of September 29th, the Ministry of National Defense held a regular press conference, and Senior Colonel Tan Kefei, deputy director of the Information Bureau of the Ministry of National Defense and spokesman of the Ministry of National Defense, answered questions.

　　Reporter:It is reported that Taiwan’s defense department recently submitted to the legislature the Report on the Military Power of the Chinese Communist Party in 2022, saying that the mainland "seriously threatened Taiwan’s defense security and peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait" and used the exercise simulation to prevent foreign troops from providing assistance to Taiwan Province in case of war. In addition, according to Taiwan media reports, Taiwan’s "defense budget" in 2023 will increase substantially, with an increase of 13.9%. What’s your comment on this?

　　Tan Kefei:It is extremely irresponsible for the relevant report to deliberately exaggerate the so-called "mainland military threat", confuse the right and wrong, and raise the tension between the two sides of the strait. Taiwan Province is a part of China. The "Taiwan independence" separatist forces and their activities have always been the biggest obstacle to the reunification of the motherland and the serious hidden danger of national rejuvenation. The PLA’s military training activities in the sea and airspace near Taiwan, China Island are just and necessary responses to the persistent provocations of the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and are just actions to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity. No one has the right to make irresponsible remarks.

　　The Democratic Progressive Party authorities distorted and denied the "1992 Consensus" and linked external forces to constantly seek "independence" provocation, which is the root cause of the current tense and turbulent situation in the Taiwan Strait. "if you don’t celebrate your father, Lu is not finished." If Taiwan independence is not eradicated, there will be no peace in the Taiwan Strait. The China People’s Liberation Army is determined to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity. As long as the Democratic Progressive Party authorities and the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces "seek independence by force", our military countermeasures will never stop.

CCTV News:On the 15th of this month, the two sides agreed that North Korea would send the Sanchiyuan Orchestra composed of more than 140 artists to South Korea to perform during the Winter Olympics. As an advance team, the Korean artists’ performance delegation first arrived in South Korea. From the 21st to the 22nd, DPRK personnel visited the art centers and stadiums in Gangneung and Seoul, South Korea, respectively, and their inspection will be the basis for choosing the performance place of the art troupe. Among the delegation, the most concerned is their head, Xuan Songyue.

　Xuan Songyue (video screenshot)

On the afternoon of January 22, local time, it was snowing lightly, and the delegation came out from the Korean National Theatre. Xuan Songyue, head of the delegation, boarded the bus and left with his trademark faint smile.

On the same day, the 7-member delegation visited Seoul Silkworm City Student Gymnasium, National Theater and Award-winning Gymnasium to learn more about the environment, equipment and the size of the audience.

Xuan Songyue (middle), head of North Korea’s Sanchiyuan Orchestra, left after visiting Gangneung Art Center on the 21st (image source network).

On the 21st, after the delegation arrived in South Korea, it first inspected the performance place there, and stopped at Gangneung Art Center for about two and a half hours to carefully check the facilities and equipment such as audio equipment, dressing room and dressing room.

Tight security, South Korea dispatched a large number of police forces.

Xuan Songyue, surrounded by Korean security personnel.

South Korean media reported that, as a North Korean who "set foot on South Korean soil" for the first time since South Korean President Moon Jae in took office, South Korea has very strict security for Hyun Sung-yueh and others, and the South Korean media even described it as "an iron bucket". As can be seen from the pictures published by the media, after the North Korean motorcade entered South Korea, South Korean police patrol cars and motorcycles followed closely. Along the inspection route and near the hotel where the delegation stayed, the police also closely guarded the defense.

South Korean media broadcast the news of the DPRK representative’s visit to South Korea.

South Korea YTN TV host:The dress of the representative of the DPRK, Xuan Songyue, attracted people’s attention. She was wearing a long dark coat, high-heeled boots, a fur scarf, a brown handbag and a ring on the ring finger of her left hand. Dark and thick hair with a diamond-encrusted hairpin looks elegant and generous.

Xuan Songyue’s visit to South Korea caused great concern.

Some Koreans are very enthusiastic about the arrival of Hyun Sung-yueh and his party. On the morning of 22nd, outside the hotel where Xuan Songyue stayed, a large number of Jiangling citizens came to watch and take photos. However, when the delegation took the high-speed train from Gangneung to Seoul that day, some South Korean conservative forces shouted slogans against their arrival outside Seoul Station.

Xuan Songyue: The national meritorious actor was active in the Korean music scene.

Xuan Songyue’s performance (data map)

At present, North Korea has not publicly reported Xuan Songyue’s personal information. According to South Korean media reports, Xuan Songyue was born in 1972 and graduated from Pyongyang Jinyuanjun Music University, known as the cradle of "artists". In the 1990s, Xuan Songyue, as a national meritorious actor, was active in the Korean music scene.

Korean media: Xuan Songyue is the head of two major orchestras in North Korea.

　According to South Korea’s YTN TV station, at present, Xuan Songyue is the head of the Sanchiyuan Orchestra, which is about to perform in South Korea. Sanchiyuan Orchestra was established in January, 2009. It mainly plays light classical music. Players will not only wear national costumes or military uniforms, but also wear western-style dresses, which is more in line with the aesthetics of the public.

In 2014, Xuan Songyue was the head of the Peony Peak Orchestra, which was the first women’s electronic orchestra initiated by North Korean leader Kim Jong-un in 2012. The performance was novel and flexible, and the members were beautifully dressed and fashionable. It was known as the "women’s day group" in North Korea.

In 2014, Xuan Songyue was already a senior colonel. In the same year, she also made a speech as a representative at the Ninth Congress of Literary and Art Workers in North Korea.

At present, North Korea has not announced whether Xuan Songyue is still the head of the Peony Peak Orchestra.

In addition to enjoying a high reputation in the art world, Xuan Songyue also has a certain position in politics. In October 2017, she became an alternate member of the Central Committee of the Labor Party, which is very rare among female artists.