With the surge of freight demand, the traffic peak of heavy and medium-sized trucks is also ushered in by domestic and provincial highways in Dongguan. For a long time, Dongguan traffic police have been carrying out special rectification actions for overloading trucks throughout the city, resolutely preventing vicious traffic accidents caused by overloading trucks and ensuring the traffic safety of national and provincial highways.

　

Daojiao: 100-ton king was dispatched in the early morning, and the Dongguan traffic police quickly seized it!

　

From the evening of October 6th to the early morning of October 7th, the traffic police detachment of Dongguan City cooperated with the Daojiao Traffic Police Brigade to carry out a special action to rectify the overload and overrun of trucks, and seized an overloaded heavy-duty semi-trailer tractor at the section of Huancheng West Road in Dongguan City. After investigation, the car has a nuclear load of 1.5 tons and a real load of about 12 tons, which is nearly 7 times overloaded.

　

It is understood that at 3 o’clock in the morning on the 7 th, when the duty officer inspected the road section of Huancheng West Road in Dongguan City, he found a heavy-duty semi-trailer tractor carrying a pile driver on the road, just like a "big MAC" driving on the road, feeling the road surface was obviously shaken, and the duty officer immediately signaled him to pull over for inspection. After the weighing test at the weighing station, the car has a nuclear load of 1.5 tons and a real load of 12 tons, which is nearly 7 times overloaded, and there is a serious illegal act of overloading. Daojiao Traffic Police Brigade imposed a fine of 2,000 yuan and deducted 6 points on the driver Zhang according to law, and temporarily detained the motor vehicle.

　

According to the investigation, the car had originally passed the traffic police detachment’s application for driving large transport vehicles, but its actual running route did not match the application route, so the application was deemed invalid. Drivers choose to transport during the fatigue-prone driving hours in the early morning, which also shows that they know that such behavior is illegal. In order to avoid the investigation by the traffic police, they took risks, regardless of their own safety and that of others. Driver Zhang also said that it is difficult to drive after the truck is seriously overloaded, and it feels that the vehicle "can’t run" and it is not safe.

　

In the illegal cases of trucks investigated, some forcibly "stuffed" the goods into the carriages for risky transportation, some simply fixed the carrying goods, the safety measures were not perfect, and some even did not fix the carrying goods at all. These behaviors were equivalent to putting the safety of themselves and others out of bounds, and once an accident occurred, the consequences would be unimaginable.

　

Dongkeng: The "smart" boss tried to evade investigation, and the "100-ton king" could not escape punishment.

　

In the early morning of October 7, Dongkeng Traffic Police Brigade found a heavy-duty semi-trailer tractor with Guangdong A license plate driving on the road in Dongxing West Road. The duty officer judged that the vehicle was abnormal and immediately intercepted it. After weighing test, the test result of the car is 106.83 tons. The duty officer immediately detained his vehicle, and imposed a fine of 2,000 yuan and deducted 6 points on the driver Wu Mou according to law.

　

It is understood that the vehicle has handled the "Overrun Transport Vehicle Pass", but it has expired. Wu Mou, the driver of the car, said that his behavior violated traffic regulations, but his boss gave him a "trick": "You can get away with it by transporting the pile driver to the construction site in the early hours of the morning." He didn’t expect to be caught red-handed because he was too clever. The personnel on duty severely criticized and educated Wu Mou, emphasizing that illegal overloading is a serious traffic violation, especially this heavy transport vehicle. Once an accident happens, the consequences will be unimaginable. Wu Mou said on the spot that he had realized his mistake and would abide by the traffic rules and refuse to overload.

　

Dongcheng: set up a check-in at night, and the truck can’t run illegally.

　

In the early morning of October 5th, Dongcheng Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police launched a special rectification campaign for night inspection. During the operation, five illegal acts of exceeding the approved quality by less than 30% and five illegal acts of illegally modifying trucks were seized, effectively eliminating road traffic safety hazards and ensuring traffic safety in the jurisdiction.

　

In the early morning of October 5, Dongguan Traffic Police Dongcheng Brigade organized police forces to set up fixed duty points and mobile patrols on main roads such as Wanchang Road and Dongcheng Middle Road, respectively, and carried out special night inspections. During the operation, the police grouped the passing vehicles one by one to check whether there were overloaded vehicles. The operation was carried out until the early hours of the morning, and a total of five trucks were arrested for being overloaded and five trucks were suspected of being illegally modified.

　

Next, the traffic police in Dongcheng will continue to increase the investigation and punishment of driving violations, form a high-pressure situation of strict investigation, strict management and severe punishment, and strictly abide by the traffic safety defense line to escort the people in the jurisdiction.

　

Huang Jiang: One hour before dawn, the double "100-ton king" was in the same place and was investigated before and after.

　

In the early morning of October 7th, the Dongguan Traffic Police Detachment and the Huangjiang Traffic Police Brigade launched a special campaign to rectify the overloading and overloading of trucks, during which two "100-ton kings" who were seriously overloaded were seized.

　

At 5: 05 am on the 7th, the duty officer found a heavy-duty dump truck with Jiangxi C license on Gongchang Road. The duty officer noticed that the height of the truck was suspicious and intercepted it and took it to the weighing station for weighing inspection. The result was actually 102 tons and the vehicle was illegally modified and heightened. The duty officer immediately detained his vehicle, and imposed a fine of 2,000 yuan and a penalty of 6 points on the driver Wei.

　

Coincidentally, within an hour, at about 5: 47 a.m. on October 7 at Gongchang Road, a heavy van with the same license plate came from Jiangxi C, and the duty officer stopped it for routine inspection, and observed the tire sinking and the difficulty and slowness of the truck parking, so he took it to the weighing station for weighing inspection. The result turned out to be a "100-ton king" with a test data of 104 tons. The duty officer immediately detained his vehicle and imposed a fine of 2,000 yuan and a penalty of 6 points on the driver Liang.

　

Qiaotou: "zero tolerance" for illegal acts of overloading trucks!

　

On the evening of October 4th, the Qiaotou Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police, in conjunction with relevant departments, launched a special rectification campaign for truck overloading.

　

At 19: 46 on the same day, at the section of Qiaoxin Road, the duty officer found that a truck loaded with a large amount of soil had exceeded the container, which was very dangerous, and then it was weighed. After verification, the total weight of Guangdong SF5*** cargo vehicle driven by Wang reached 38.18 tons, the maximum allowable total weight of the vehicle was 31 tons, 7.18 tons was overloaded, and the proportion of overloading was 23%. At present, the driver of the car, Wang Moumou, has been fined 500 yuan and scored 3 points.

　　

Qingxi: Strictly check the overloading of trucks and eliminate the hidden dangers of national and provincial traffic safety.

　

At 15: 51 on October 6th, the Qingxi Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police seized a heavy-duty dump truck with the license plate of Guangdong B4****D at a distance of 100 meters from 5840 km of National Highway 228, which was illegal to drive the goods on the truck more than 30% of the approved load. The police on duty seriously criticized and educated the truck driver Tian, informed him of the dangers of overloading the truck, and imposed a fine of 2,000 yuan with 6 points according to law, and detained the motor vehicle according to law.

　

Qishi: Plasticized foam exceeds the limit on the road, and the traffic police will strictly investigate it!

　

On the afternoon of October 7th, when the police on duty of Dongguan Traffic Police Qishi Brigade set up a checkpoint on Hubin South Road, they found an out-of-gauge truck with Guangdong S4***3 license plate number. There are a lot of plasticized foam on the car, and the safety measures are not perfect. Law enforcement officers immediately signaled the car to pull over and accept the inspection. It was found that the car was carrying plasticized foam and there was no safety measures. The situation was very dangerous. As the car was suspected of exceeding the limit, the duty officer immediately inspected it.

　

After verification, the vehicle’s load has exceeded the limit length and height. According to the driver’s explanation, there is no overload, and there is no big problem with super-high and super-long. I don’t realize that the vehicle’s super-high and super-long driving on the road will not only affect the driving safety of other vehicles, but also have serious safety hazards. The police on duty gave serious criticism and education to the driver, informed him of the danger of exceeding the limit and punished him according to law.

　

Sha Tin: Super-long trucks are like "time bombs", so they go on the road regardless of safety. Check!

　

On October 6th, the police on duty patrolled the Ferry Road (Shatian section) within the jurisdiction of shatian town, and found two trucks loaded with a large number of abandoned bamboo poles and a construction scaffold, all of which were loaded with goods far beyond the rear. It is understood that the three drivers of the car think that these goods are not very heavy, not overweight, but a little too long, so there should be no problem, so they are eager to facilitate loading on the road, and they don’t realize the danger of loading height and length beyond the body. In view of the driver’s weak safety awareness, the police on duty gave serious criticism and education to the three drivers: the truck is too long, too wide and too high to block the line of sight, occupy the driveway, and it is easy to be left behind, which endangers road safety. The truck is too high, which not only causes the center of gravity of the vehicle to move up, but also more likely to induce rollover accidents and increase the risk of truck transportation. Moreover, in many roads with limited heights, it is easy for the truck to rub or get stuck under overpasses and height-limiting poles. In particular, long vehicles have great potential safety hazards to the rear vehicle, such as in the case of emergency braking, rear-end collision and easy to cause casualties in the rear vehicle.

　

After being persuaded by the police on duty, all three drivers realized their wrong behavior on the spot and said that they would never take risks for petty profits in the future! The police on duty imposed a fine of 150 yuan on all three drivers, and scored one point on the driver’s license, and guided the vehicles to the nearest parking lot for unloading and transshipment.

　

Nave: Strictly check the overloading of trucks and eliminate the hidden dangers of national and provincial traffic safety. The traffic police are in action!

　

During the National Day holiday, the nave Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police continued to carry out illegal rectification actions for truck overloading on important sections of the jurisdiction, especially on National Highway 107 and Provincial Highway 120, so as to effectively eliminate road traffic safety hazards and protect people’s holiday travel in the jurisdiction.

　

At 10 o’clock in the morning on October 4th, nave Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police seized two overloaded truck number plates at Jiangnan Bridge and Beiwang Road intersection of National Highway 107 (nave section), both of which were illegal acts of driving the goods on board with the weight exceeding the approved weight by more than 30%.

　

It is understood that the police on duty have seriously criticized and educated the drivers of the two trucks, informed them of the dangers of overloading the trucks and punished them with a fine of 2,000 yuan and 6 points according to law, and detained the motor vehicles according to law.

　

Fenggang: Strictly investigate the overloading of trucks, illegally purify the road traffic environment.

　

On October 5th, team member Fenggang of Dongguan traffic police seized an overloaded heavy-duty dump truck on the second line of G220 Dongshen.

　

It is understood that on the afternoon of the same day, when the duty officer set up a post inspection in the section of the second line of G220 Dongshen, he found a heavy-duty dump truck with license plate Guangdong SS6*** full of stones, and its driving situation on the road was abnormal. The duty officer immediately intercepted it and took it to the weighing station for weighing inspection. The results showed that the weight of the car reached 33.63 tons, which was less than 30% of the approved load. The duty officer immediately detained the car.

　

According to the driver Huang, he has been pulling goods during the National Day, thinking that the holiday is coming to an end, and he is ready to rest after pulling the last trip. It is not too much, so he simply pulls it all at once. I never thought that I met the traffic police on the way to check the car.

　

The duty officer of Fenggang Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police immediately criticized and educated the driver Huang, and imposed a corresponding fine on him, 500 yuan, and scored 3 points for his driver’s license.

　

Chashan: Strictly check the overloading of trucks to ensure road traffic safety.

　

On October 7th, the Chashan Brigade of Dongguan Traffic Police carried out illegal rectification actions for overloading and overloading of trucks in all important sections of the jurisdiction, effectively eliminating road traffic safety hazards and escorting the people in the jurisdiction for holiday travel.

　

On the same day, the Dongguan traffic police Chashan Dadui set up a car check at the intersection of Yanxi Road, Chaxing Road in the jurisdiction. The police on duty found a heavy truck with the number plate of Guangdong S2***6. The goods on the car were too high, which easily blocked the rear driver’s sight. The police on duty immediately stopped the truck driver and gave him a serious criticism and education, informed him of the danger of the truck exceeding the limit and fined him 150 yuan according to law.

　

Ma Yong: The traffic police fined you for driving a truck that is too high and too long.

　

On October 5, Dongguan Mayong Traffic Police Brigade seized a super-long and super-high heavy-duty semi-trailer tractor with the license plate number of Guangdong and Jiangxi C****6 at Mayong section of Shuixiang Avenue.

　

At 10 o’clock in the morning, when the police on duty were on duty at the Mayong section of Shuixiang Avenue, they seized an ultra-long and ultra-high heavy-duty semi-trailer tractor with the license plate number of Guangdong and Jiangxi C****6. According to the driver, because I didn’t want to make another trip, I wanted to pack a little more for convenience, and I didn’t realize the danger of loading height and length beyond the body.

　

After investigation, the wood carried by the heavy-duty semi-trailer tractor has exceeded the length of the car body by 46CM and the height of the car body by 5CM. At present, the driver has been fined 150 yuan by the public security organs according to law, and the driver’s license has a penalty of 1 point.

　

Dongguan traffic police would like to remind you

　

Overloading and overloading of trucks not only affects the control performance of automobiles, blocks the line of sight, occupies lanes, and is prone to spillage, but also increases tire pressure, leading to safety hazards such as tire puncture and brake failure. Once a traffic accident is triggered, it is easy to cause serious casualties. For the sake of their own safety and the safety of others, the majority of truck drivers are requested to abide by traffic laws and regulations, and do not exceed the limit and overload.

　

Source: Dongguan Politics and Law

Drinking tea is a quiet activity, and drinking milk is beneficial to human health, but milk tea is a typical fast-moving product. People walked into the tea shop while saying that they would never drink milk tea again. What is the magic of milk tea that can’t escape the "law of true fragrance" that makes young people flock to it? Hong Kong-style, table-style, low-sugar, milk-covered … What’s in all kinds of milk tea? What is the impact on health?

First, the "milk" in some milk tea is to use non-dairy creamer instead of milk, that is, "fake milk". The main components of non-dairy creamer are hydrogenated vegetable oil, glucose syrup, sodium caseinate and sodium aluminosilicate. Among these components, partially hydrogenated vegetable oil contains trans fatty acids. Scientific research shows that the intake of trans fatty acids is positively correlated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Dietary Guidelines for China Residents suggest that the daily intake of trans fatty acids should not exceed 2g. Milk tea made of non-dairy creamer contains 0.5g to 2.7g of trans fatty acids per 300ml (equivalent to a medium cup of milk tea). Drinking milk tea for a long time will increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Second, milk tea is exciting because of "caffeine". Caffeine generally exists in coffee, strong tea and other beverages, and the single caffeine intake of healthy adults is best not to exceed 200mg. The average caffeine content in milk tea on the market is 270 mg/L.

Third, the sugar content is high. The sugar content of a cup of milk tea is about equal to that of a bottle of cola. Even milk tea with low sugar, no sugar or no sugar has sugar. The Dietary Guide for China Residents stipulates that "the daily sugar intake should not exceed 50g, and it is better to control it below 25g", while the sugar content of milk tea with normal sweetness reaches 35g per cup.

Fourth, milk tea tastes good because of its high fat. Fat can bring good flavor and taste, but excessive fat intake will lead to obesity. In milk tea with milk cover, the fat content is particularly high, with an average of 7g/100mL. The recommended daily intake of fat for adults is less than 60g. Drinking such a cup of milk tea is equivalent to eating the fat of two meals.

There are many hazards of drinking milk tea for a long time, such as coronary heart disease, osteoporosis, obesity and cardiovascular disease. However, these diseases will only appear if you drink too much for a long time. Of course, you can drink milk tea, but you should be careful not to be greedy.

This article is scientifically checked by Song Bingbing, a national registered dietitian and health manager.

According to the website of the General Administration of Customs, in order to correctly determine the origin of import and export goods under the Free Trade Agreement between the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Royal Government of Cambodia and promote economic and trade exchanges between China and Cambodia, the General Administration of Customs has formulated the Measures for the Administration of the Origin of Import and Export Goods under the Free Trade Agreement between the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Royal Government of Cambodia of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Customs. It is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of January 1, 2022.

　　If the consignee of imported goods or his agent applies for enjoying the tax rate under the Free Trade Agreement between the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Royal Government of Cambodia when the goods are imported, he shall go through the customs declaration formalities in accordance with the relevant provisions of Announcement No.34 of the General Administration of Customs in 2021. When filling in the column of "Preferential Trade Agreement Benefits" in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Customs Import (Export) Goods Declaration Form, the code "23" should be filled in the column of "Preferential Trade Agreement Code".

Measures of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Customs on the Administration of the Origin of Import and Export Goods under the Free Trade Agreement between the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Royal Government of Cambodia

　　Article 1 In order to correctly determine the origin of import and export goods under the Free Trade Agreement between the Government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Royal Government of Cambodia (hereinafter referred to as the China-Cambodia FTA) and promote economic and trade exchanges between China and Cambodia, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Customs Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Customs Law), the Regulations on the Origin of Import and Export Goods of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the China-Cambodia FTA.

　　Article 2 These Measures shall apply to the origin management of import and export goods under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement between China and Cambodia.

　　Article 3 Goods that meet one of the following conditions are original goods under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement (hereinafter referred to as original goods) and have the original qualification under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement (hereinafter referred to as original qualification):

　　(a) completely obtained or produced in China or Cambodia;

　　(two) in China or Cambodia, the original materials that meet the requirements of these measures are completely used for production;

　　(3) Made of non-native materials in China or Cambodia;

　　1. Belonging to the scope of application of Annex 1 to these Measures, and conforming to the corresponding tariff classification changes, regional value components, manufacturing and processing procedures or other provisions;

　　2 does not belong to the scope of application of Annex 1 to these Measures, but meets one of the following conditions:

　　(1) The regional value component calculated by the formula listed in Article 7 of these Measures shall not be less than 40% of the FOB price of goods;

　　(2) Articles 25, 26, 28, 29 (except 29.01 and 29.02), 31 (except 31.05) and 39 (except 39.01, 39.02, 39.03, 39.07 and 39.08) of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Import and Export Tariff (hereinafter referred to as the Tariff). 49、57— 59、61、62、64、66— 71、73— 83、86、88、91— After the goods and non-original materials under Chapter 97 were manufactured or processed, the four-level tariff classification changed.

　　When the specific rules of origin of products under the China-Cambodia FTA listed in Annex 1 change, the General Administration of Customs will make a separate announcement.

　　Article 4 The goods "completely obtained or produced in China or Cambodia" as mentioned in Article 3 of these Measures refer to:

　　(1) Plants and plant products (including fruits, flowers, vegetables, trees, algae, fungi and living plants) planted, harvested, picked or collected in China or Cambodia;

　　(2) Live animals born and raised in China or Cambodia;

　　(3) Products obtained from live animals mentioned in Item (2) of this article in China or Cambodia without further processing, including milk, eggs, natural honey, hair, wool, semen and feces;

　　(4) Goods obtained by hunting, trapping, fishing, aquaculture, gathering or catching in China or Cambodia;

　　(5) Minerals and other natural resources extracted or obtained from the territory, territorial waters and seabed of China or Cambodia and not included in Items (1) to (4) of this article;

　　(6) Products extracted from waters, seabed or subsoil outside the territorial waters of China or Cambodia, which the Cambodian side has the right to develop;

　　(7) Fish and other marine products caught by ships registered in China or Cambodia and flying its national flag in waters outside the territorial waters of that country;

　　(8) Goods processed and manufactured entirely with the goods mentioned in Items (4) and (7) of this article on processing vessels registered in China or Cambodia and flying its national flag;

　　(9) Wastes and scraps produced in the process of manufacturing, processing or consumption in China or Cambodia and only applicable to the recycling of raw materials;

　　(10) Old goods that are consumed and collected in China or Cambodia and are only applicable to the recycling of raw materials;

　　(11) Goods produced entirely from the goods mentioned in Items (1) to (10) of this article in China or Cambodia.

　　Article 5 Goods that meet the requirements of Item 3 of Paragraph 1 of Article 3 of these Measures, if the non-original materials used in production are only processed or treated by one or more of the following in the Member, the goods still do not have the qualification of origin:

　　(1) Protective operations to ensure that the goods are kept in good condition during transportation or storage;

　　(2) Packaging or display for the transportation or sale of goods;

　　(3) Simple processing, including filtering, screening, selecting, sorting, sharpening, cutting, slitting, grinding, bending, winding or unfolding;

　　(4) Sticking or printing marks, labels, logos and other similar distinguishing marks on the goods or their packages;

　　(five) only diluted with water or other substances, without substantially changing the characteristics of the goods;

　　(6) Disassembling products into parts;

　　(7) Slaughtering animals;

　　(eight) simple painting and polishing;

　　(9) Simply peeling, coring or shelling;

　　(10) Simply mixing products, regardless of whether they are different kinds of products.

　　The "simplicity" as mentioned in the preceding paragraph refers to the situation that no special skills are needed and no machinery, instruments or equipment are specially produced or assembled.

　　Article 6 Where materials originating in China or Cambodia are used in the production of another goods within the territory of the other party, the materials shall be regarded as the original materials of the other party.

　　Article 7 The "regional value component" specified in Item (3) of Paragraph 1 of Article 3 of these Measures shall be calculated according to the following formula:

　　Regional value component = FOB price – Non-original material price × 100%

　　free on board

　　Among them, "the price of non-original materials" refers to the import cost of non-original materials, the freight and insurance premium to the destination port or place determined in accordance with the WTO Valuation Agreement, including the price of materials of unknown origin. When the non-original materials are obtained in China or Cambodia, the paid or payable price of the non-original materials should be determined as early as possible in China or Cambodia according to the transaction price determined in the WTO Valuation Agreement, excluding the freight, insurance, packaging and any other expenses for transporting the non-original materials from the supplier’s warehouse to the manufacturer’s place.

　　When calculating the regional value composition of goods according to the first paragraph of this article, the price of non-original materials does not include the price of non-original materials used in the production process to produce original materials.

　　Article 8 For goods subject to the requirements of tariff classification change under the China-Cambodia FTA, if the non-original materials used in the production process do not meet the requirements of tariff classification change, but meet all other applicable provisions of these Measures and meet one of the following conditions, they shall be regarded as original goods:

　　(1) Article 50 of the Tariff & mdash; For the goods in Chapter 63, the weight of all non-original materials used in the production of the goods without the required tariff classification change shall not exceed 10% of the total weight of the goods, or the price determined in accordance with Article 7 of these Measures shall not exceed 10% of the FOB price of the goods;

　　(2) Article 50 of the Tariff & mdash; For goods outside Chapter 63, the price of all non-original materials used in the production of goods without the required tariff classification change determined in accordance with Article 7 of these Measures shall not exceed 10% of the FOB price of the goods.

　　Article 9 The packaging materials and containers used to protect goods during transportation shall not affect the determination of the origin of goods.

　　Where the origin of the goods is determined according to the requirements of regional value composition under the China-Cambodia FTA, and the packaging materials and containers for retail use are classified together with the goods, the prices of the packaging materials and containers for retail use shall be calculated according to the prices of the original materials or non-original materials included in their respective origins.

　　Where the change of tariff classification under China-Cambodia FTA requires the determination of the origin of goods, and the packaging materials and containers for retail use are classified together with the goods, the origin of the packaging materials and containers for retail use does not affect the determination of the origin of goods.

　　Article 10 When calculating the regional value component of goods subject to the requirements of China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement, if the accessories, spare parts or tools declared for import together with the goods are classified together with the goods in the Customs Tariff, and no separate invoice is issued, the prices of the accessories, spare parts or tools shall be calculated according to their respective countries of origin.

　　Where the change of tariff classification under the China-Cambodia FTA requires the determination of the origin of goods, if the accessories, spare parts or tools declared for import together with the goods are classified together with the goods in the Tariff and no separate invoice is issued, the origin of the accessories, spare parts or tools will not affect the determination of the origin of goods.

　　The quantity and price of accessories, spare parts and tools mentioned in the first and second paragraphs of this article shall be within a reasonable range.

　　Article 11 When determining whether the goods are goods of origin, the origin of the following neutral components shall not be considered:

　　(1) Fuel, energy, catalyst and solvent;

　　(2) Equipment, devices and articles used for testing or inspecting goods;

　　(3) Gloves, glasses, shoes and boots, clothes, safety equipment and articles;

　　(4) Tools, molds and moulds;

　　(five) spare parts and materials used to maintain equipment and buildings;

　　(6) Lubricants, oils (greases), synthetic materials and other materials used in production or for operating equipment and maintaining factory buildings;

　　(seven) other goods used in the production process of the goods but not constituting the components of the goods.

　　Article 12 When determining the origin of goods, interchangeable materials that are commercially interchangeable and have the same nature and cannot be distinguished by visual observation alone shall be distinguished by any of the following methods:

　　(1) Physical separation of materials;

　　(2) Inventory management methods recognized by generally accepted accounting standards of exporters. This inventory management method should be used continuously for at least one fiscal year.

　　Article 13 Goods of origin transported from the exporter to the importer shall retain their original qualification if they meet one of the following conditions:

　　(1) Not passing through other countries (regions);

　　(two) via other countries (regions), but at the same time meet the following conditions:

　　1. Goods passing through these countries or regions are only due to geographical reasons or transportation needs;

　　2. Not entering these countries or regions for trade or consumption;

　　3. When the goods pass through these countries or regions, the goods have not been treated in their territory except for loading and unloading, re-loading and unloading, or other treatments needed to keep the goods in good condition.

　　Article 14 The valid certificate of origin under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement as stipulated in these Measures shall meet the following requirements:

　　(a) issued by an authorized institution in China or Cambodia;

　　(2) Having a unique certificate number;

　　(3) The basis for indicating that the goods have the qualification of origin;

　　(four) issued by the visa agency of the exporting member, with the authorized signature and seal of the visa agency;

　　(five) in accordance with the format listed in Annex 2 of these Measures, filled in English and signed and sealed by the exporter;

　　(six) the certificate of origin is valid for 12 months from the date of issuance.

　　The certificate of origin shall be issued before or at the time of shipment; If it cannot be issued before or at the time of shipment due to force majeure, it can be issued within 3 days after shipment.

　　Article 15 If it is impossible to apply for the issuance of the certificate of origin within the time limit stipulated in Article 14 of these Measures due to non-subjective intentional errors, negligence or other reasonable reasons, the visa agencies in China or Cambodia may reissue the certificate within 12 months from the date of shipment of the goods upon the application of the exporter. The reissued certificate of origin shall indicate the reissue.

　　Article 16 If the certificate of origin is stolen, lost or damaged, the exporter may apply in writing to the visa agency in China or Cambodia to issue a copy of the certificate of origin marked "CERTIFIED TRUE COPY" within the validity period of the original certificate.

　　A certified copy of the certificate of origin shall have the same number and date of issue as the original certificate of origin, and shall be regarded as the original certificate of origin.

　　Article 17 The certificate of origin shall not be altered or overprinted. If there is any change in the project, the exporter or manufacturer shall apply to the certificate of origin certification authority and provide the corresponding certification materials. The certification authority will modify the certificate of origin, affix the seal or correction seal of the certification authority to prove it, and cross out the blank parts.

　　Article 18 The agreed tax rate of China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement can be applied to imported goods with the qualification of origin.

　　Article 19 Where the consignee of imported goods or its agent applies for applying the tax rate under the China-Cambodia FTA for imported goods of origin, it shall declare in accordance with the relevant provisions of the General Administration of Customs and handle it with the following documents:

　　(1) A valid certificate of origin issued by the Cambodian visa agency (see Annex 2 for the format), except for the exemption from submitting the certificate of origin as stipulated in Article 20 of these Measures;

　　(2) Commercial invoice of the goods;

　　(three) the whole transport documents of the goods.

　　Where goods are transported to China through other countries or regions, documents issued by the customs of other countries or regions or other documents recognized by the customs shall be submitted.

　　If the transport documents mentioned in Item (3) of Paragraph 1 of this Article submitted by the consignee of imported goods or his agent can meet the relevant provisions on direct transport, it is not necessary to submit the supporting documents mentioned in Paragraph 2 of this Article.

　　Article 20 If the FOB price of the original goods imported in the same batch does not exceed US$ 200, the consignee of the imported goods or his agent may be exempted from submitting the certificate of origin when applying for the tax rate under the China-Cambodia FTA.

　　In order to avoid the provisions of these measures, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall not apply to the declaration of imported goods.

　　Article 21 Unless otherwise stipulated by the General Administration of Customs, if the country of origin declares the imported goods as Cambodia, and the consignee or his agent fails to obtain a valid certificate of origin before the goods go through customs formalities, he shall make a supplementary declaration to the customs as to whether the imported goods are qualified for Cambodia (see Annex 3).

　　If the consignee of imported goods or his agent makes a supplementary declaration to the customs in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of this article that the imported goods have Cambodian origin qualification and provides tax guarantee, the customs shall go through the import formalities according to law, except that the guarantee is not allowed according to the provisions of laws and administrative regulations. Where a tax guarantee equivalent to the maximum amount of tax that the goods may bear has been submitted due to reasons such as early release, it shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions of this paragraph on providing tax guarantee.

　　Article 22 In order to determine the authenticity and accuracy of the certificate of origin, to determine the origin qualification of imported goods, or to determine whether the imported goods meet other requirements stipulated in these Measures, the customs may carry out origin verification in the following ways:

　　(1) Requiring the consignee of imported goods or their agents, the consignor of exported goods or their agents and manufacturers to provide information and materials related to the origin of goods and the issuance of certificates of origin;

　　(2) Require the relevant Cambodian authorities to verify the authenticity of the certificate of origin and the origin qualification of the goods, and provide relevant information of the exporter or manufacturer and the goods when necessary;

　　(3) Other procedures agreed by the customs of both parties.

　　When necessary, the customs may conduct on-the-spot verification on overseas exporters or producers with the consent of the relevant competent authorities in Cambodia, or conduct verification by other means agreed with the relevant competent authorities in Cambodia.

　　While waiting for the verification results, the customs may, at the application of the consignee of imported goods or his agent, handle the guarantee release according to law, except in cases where the guarantee release is not allowed according to the provisions of laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 23 Under any of the following circumstances, the customs shall go through the formalities for returning the secured property and rights according to law:

　　(1) The consignee of imported goods or its agent has made supplementary declaration to the customs in accordance with the provisions of these Measures and submitted a valid certificate of origin under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement;

　　(2) The results of customs verification are sufficient to confirm the qualification of origin of the goods.

　　Article 24 Under any of the following circumstances, the tariff rate agreed in the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement shall not apply to the imported goods:

　　(1) The consignee of imported goods or his agent fails to apply for the application of the tax rate under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement in accordance with the provisions of Article 19 of these Measures, and fails to make supplementary declaration in accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of these Measures;

　　(two) the goods do not have the qualification of Cambodian origin;

　　(three) the certificate of origin does not conform to the provisions of these measures;

　　(four) the goods listed in the certificate of origin are inconsistent with the actual imported goods;

　　(5) Within 270 days from the date of submitting the request for origin verification, the customs has not received the verification feedback from the relevant Cambodian institutions, or the feedback results do not contain enough information to determine the authenticity of the certificate of origin or the true origin of the goods;

　　(six) the consignee of imported goods or his agent has other acts that do not comply with the relevant provisions of these measures.

　　Article 25 Shippers of export goods and their agents, domestic producers and their agents who have filed with the enterprises of origin (hereinafter referred to as applicants) may apply to Chinese visa agencies for issuing certificates of origin.

　　Article 26 The applicant shall apply for the issuance of a certificate of origin before the shipment of the goods, and at the same time submit materials to prove the qualification of the origin of the goods. The applicant shall be responsible for the authenticity, completeness and accuracy of the materials submitted.

　　Twenty-seventh visa agencies shall examine the materials submitted by the applicant, and issue certificates of origin if they meet the requirements of these measures; If it does not conform to the provisions of these measures, it shall decide not to issue a certificate of origin, notify the applicant in writing and explain the reasons.

　　When conducting audit, the visa agency may verify the origin qualification of the goods in the following ways:

　　(a) require the applicant to provide supplementary information and materials related to the qualification of the origin of the goods;

　　(2) On-the-spot verification of the production equipment, processing procedures, raw materials and spare parts of export goods, the country (region) of origin, and the instructions, packages, trademarks, marks and marks of origin of export goods;

　　(3) consulting and copying relevant contracts, invoices, account books and other relevant materials.

　　Article 28 At the request of the relevant competent authorities in Cambodia, the customs may verify the origin of export goods in the following ways:

　　(a) require the applicant to provide supplementary information and materials related to the qualification of the origin of the goods;

　　(2) On-the-spot verification of the production equipment, processing procedures, raw materials and spare parts of export goods, the country (region) of origin, and the instructions, packages, trademarks, marks and marks of origin of export goods;

　　(3) consulting and copying relevant contracts, invoices, account books and other relevant materials.

　　Article 29 When declaring export goods, the consignor of export goods and his agent shall fill in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Customs Declaration Form for Export Goods in accordance with the customs declaration provisions.

　　Article 30 If the goods originating in Cambodia are exhibited in China and sold to China during or after the exhibition, and the following conditions are met, the tax rate under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement can be applied:

　　(1) The exporter has transported the products from Cambodia to China and exhibited them in China;

　　(2) After the goods were sent to the exhibition, they were not used for other purposes except for exhibition;

　　(3) The goods are under customs supervision during the exhibition.

　　When the above-mentioned exhibition goods are declared for import, the consignee or his agent shall submit the certificate of origin of the goods to the customs, indicating the name and address of the exhibition, and relevant documents proving that the goods conform to the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 13 of these Measures.

　　The above-mentioned goods exported to Cambodia can apply for a certificate of origin from the visa agency. If the above requirements are met, the tax rate under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement can be applied in Cambodia.

　　Article 31 The consignor and manufacturer of export goods applying for the certificate of origin shall, within three years from the date of issuing the certificate of origin, keep the documents and records that can fully prove the qualification of the goods.

　　The consignee of imported goods subject to the tariff rate under the China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement shall, within three years from the date of customs clearance of the goods, keep the documents and records that can fully prove the original qualification of the goods.

　　The issuing institution shall keep the application materials of the certificate of origin within 3 years from the date of issuance of the certificate of origin.

　　The above-mentioned documents and records can be saved in electronic or paper form.

　　Article 32 The meanings of the following terms in these Measures:

　　(1) "Aquaculture" refers to the cultivation of aquatic organisms including fish, mollusks, crustaceans, other aquatic invertebrates and aquatic plants starting from embryos such as eggs, fry, fish worms and fish eggs. Intervene in the feeding or growth process by orderly raising, feeding or preventing predation by carnivores, so as to increase the yield;

　　(2) "Generally accepted accounting standards" refers to the accounting standards, agreed opinions or substantive authoritative support of one party in recording income, expenditure, cost, assets and liabilities, information disclosure and preparation of financial statements. The above guidelines include not only general guiding principles that are generally applicable, but also detailed standards, practices and procedures;

　　(3) "Material" refers to any substance used in the production of goods, which forms a part of another goods in physical form or goods used in the production process of another goods;

　　(4) "Original materials" or "original goods" refer to materials or goods that are qualified for origin according to the provisions of these Measures;

　　(5) "Production" refers to the method of obtaining goods, including planting, feeding, mining, harvesting, fishing, aquaculture, farming, trapping, hunting, capturing, collecting, breeding, extracting, manufacturing, producing, processing or assembling goods;

　　(6) The WTO Valuation Agreement refers to the Agreement on the Implementation of Article VII of the 1994 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, which is an integral part of the Marrakesh Agreement on the Establishment of the World Trade Organization;

　　(7) "Non-original goods" or "non-original materials" refer to goods or materials that do not have the qualification of origin according to the provisions of these Measures, and goods or materials with unknown origin;

　　(8) "Neutral component" refers to the goods that are used in the production of another goods and do not constitute the components of the goods themselves;

　　(9) "Visa Agency" refers to an agency designated or authorized by a member to issue certificates of origin and notified to another member in accordance with the provisions of the China-Cambodia FTA. Directly under the Customs, under the Customs, China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and its local branches are visa agencies in China;

　　(10) "Competent Authority" refers to one or more government agencies designated by the member and notified to another member in accordance with the provisions of the China-Cambodia FTA.

　　Article 33 The General Administration of Customs shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Measures.

　　Article 34 These Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2022.

A picture to understand the branches and schools of Islam, visualization of patent analysis of the original ugly sister

The chart above was created by Information Is Beautiful. Shows the branches and schools of Islam. Islam is the second most religious sect in the world at present, and Christianity is the largest.

Islam is divided into Sunni and Shia. The conflict and division between Sunni and Shia Muslims began with the debate about the legal heir of Muhammad. In 632, Muhammad died. Because he didn’t specify his successor during his lifetime, a conflict broke out in the Arab Empire for the caliph (meaning the successor of the messenger of God, the political and religious leader of the empire). As a result of this conflict, Islam is divided into two factions. One is the majority supported by most Muslims, and later called "Sunnis"; Another faction composed of supporters of Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law-"Ali faction", later called "Shia".

Shiites are still a minority among Muslims today, accounting for about 10% to 15% of the 1.6 billion Muslims. (The author estimates and rounds off the number of Shiites in all Muslims, which is 20% in the figure, but it may actually be lower than 20%. )

Distribution map of Sunnis: Muslims living in African countries north of the Sahara desert are mostly Sunnis, and Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Syria and Palestine are mainly Sunnis.

Distribution map of Shiites: Iran is the only country where Shiites are the state religion. Iraq and Bahrain are also Shia-majority countries. One third of the population in Lebanon is Shia. In addition, Shiites are mainly distributed in Afghanistan, Kuwait, Pakistan and Syria.

Today’s political conflicts in the Islamic world are often religious, which is also a reflection of the traditional religious conflicts between Sunnis and Shiites. For example, the war between Syria and Iraq, and the war between Saudi Arabia and Iran lasted for nearly eight years.

How do Muslims view ISIS?

Although they all read the same Koran, different branches and factions have different understandings and interpretations of the Koran. For example, organizations such as ISIS, an extreme Wahabi Sunni Muslim militant group. ISIS believes that they guide their behavior according to the Koran, claiming to be the most authentic Islamic believers.

But from the beginning, other Muslims have repeatedly stressed that ISIS did not follow the scriptures seriously. For centuries, jurists and theologians of different factions, whether Sunni or Shia, have been looking for a reasonable and systematic way to understand the Koran (which expresses various legal, religious and metaphysical issues in all aspects in a complicated and detailed way) and the Hadith (which records the words and deeds of the Prophet Muhammad, with dozens of volumes and hundreds of thousands of verses). These verses are often difficult to understand or seem contradictory. These jurists and theologians from different factions of Islam classify these scriptures according to their credibility, and then use them in law and theology on the basis. But ISIS didn’t do this. ISIS members just found some words in the Koran and Hadith to support their actions.

Image source: Netease Digital Reading

In the Muslim world, most people do not agree with ISIS. In 2015, the Pew Research Center published a survey report this year, which said that the attitudes of major Muslim countries towards ISIS are roughly divided into three levels:

Strong opposition: Countries represented by Lebanon, Israel, Jordan and Palestine strongly oppose ISIS. In Lebanon, more than 98% people, whether Shia Muslims or Sunni Muslims, have a bad impression on ISIS; 91% Arabs in Israel despise ISIS；; 84% people in the Palestinian territory do not like ISIS, whether in the Gaza or in the West Bank.

There are different opinions, but the negative views are not so strong: Indonesia, Turkey, Nigeria, Malaysia and Senegal have different opinions on ISIS, but the negative views are not so strong. Nigeria’s attitude is quite different because of religious beliefs. Only 7% of Christians have a good impression of ISIS, which accounts for 20% of Muslims.

No problem with ISIS: Pakistan is the most favorable place for ISIS, with only 28% having a negative opinion of ISIS and 62% having no problem with extremist organizations.

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Original title: "A picture to understand branches and schools of Islam"

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Is New Year’s Eve New Year’s Eve?

New Year’s Eve is New Year’s Eve. Because New Year’s Eve often falls on the 29th or 30th day of the twelfth lunar month in the summer calendar, it is also called New Year’s Eve, which is one of the most important traditional festivals in China.

New Year’s Eve, also known as New Year’s Eve, New Year’s Eve, New Year’s Eve, New Year’s Eve, etc. It is the last night of the twelfth lunar month (December) every year. In addition, that is, the meaning of removal; Evening means night. New Year’s Eve is also a festival to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, to start all over again and to renew everything.

What activities are there on this day?

After a series of careful preparations at the end of the year, on this day, everyone lived a colorful life. The most common thing is that every family will get together and have a reunion dinner in jiaozi. Among many jiaozi, only a few with peanuts or other nuts are wrapped. Whoever eats such jiaozi indicates good luck and good luck in the new year. Then red lanterns are hung outside the house, and the whole family sit together to watch the Spring Festival Evening. When the midnight bell rings, firecrackers are set off, hoping that the coming year will be full of prosperity and good luck.

What food do you eat on this day?

Both the north and the south will choose to eat fish in this festival, which means "more than one year", so it is a necessary dish for New Year’s Eve. In the south, rice cakes are indispensable dishes, because there is a good color "Niangao", which has the meaning of making a fortune, rising step by step and being sweet, hoping for a complete and sweet life in the new year. The north is used to eating jiaozi, also known as "Jiaozi", which means "Jiaozi at the age of four". Moreover, jiaozi looks like an ingot, pinning its hopes for a rich income in the coming year. With the improvement of people’s living standards, the food on the New Year’s Eve is becoming more and more abundant. In addition to the common hot pot, people in some areas will specially prepare ten dishes, which stands for "perfection".

Original title:Present ice and snow sports to pay tribute to sportsmanship

　 　 　 　 　 　 　— — On the Transcendence of TV Series Transcendence

The picture shows the stills of the TV series "Beyond". Information picture

Core reading

The TV series "Beyond" is the first TV series with the theme of short track speed skating history in China, which shows the development of winter sports in China in a novel way.

Beyond transcends the rigid separation of two generations or even three generations used by many industry dramas in the past, but emphasizes unity of mind and common direction, which is particularly commendable.

The TV series "Beyond" with the theme of Winter Olympics is being broadcast in a set of prime files of CCTV. It is a tribute drama of China TV people to the Beijing Winter Olympics, an industry drama about the development history of China’s ice and snow sports, and an inspirational drama that inspires Chinese children to be healthy and far-reaching. It shows the development of winter sports in China in a novel way.

A History of "Transcendence" in Short Track Speed Skating

Development of Winter Sports in China

"Beyond" is the key project of the TV series with the theme of "Our New Era" of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. Based on the "North Ice Exhibition and South Ice Exhibition", the play tells the story of three generations of short track speed skaters fighting for the honor of their motherland. While focusing on the development of China’s short track speed skating, the play shows the features of the times with the rapid development of the country, and vividly interprets the Chinese sports spirit of winning glory for the country, selfless dedication, being scientific and realistic, abiding by the law, unity and cooperation, and tenacious struggle. On the eve of the opening of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the work is named "Beyond", which contains the call and confirmation of strength and strength.

At the beginning of Beyond, the photo of Wu Qinghong winning the national speed skating championship was fixed in 1982. At this time, it will be 20 years before China wins the first gold medal in the Winter Olympics. When "Beyond" was launched, it had been 20 years since China achieved a "zero breakthrough" in the history of the Winter Olympics. In the 40 years before and after this, from participating in the Winter Olympics, winning gold medals in the Winter Olympics to hosting the Winter Olympics, from the Winter Olympics with professional competition as the goal to the participation of the whole people in ice and snow fitness, from "when I hear skating and skiing, I think of children in the Northeast" to 346 million people stepping on the snow and entering a new era, China’s winter Olympics experience is refined in the story of Beyond.

Transcendence is the first TV series with the theme of short track speed skating history in China. It started with the establishment of Heilongjiang Short Track Speed Skating Team in 1989 and the recruitment of Qingdao Short Track Speed Skating Team in 2014. In the group images of two generations of coaches and two generations of athletes, the first generation of athletes was transformed into coaches as a link, and the ups and downs of three generations in short track and life experience were connected in series. Different from the previous industry dramas, which mostly used landmark events in the industry to structure the plot, the narrative focus and expressive focus of Beyond were not on the presentation of the victory or defeat of the short track speed skating project, but on the depiction of the spiritual world of the "short track speed skater". The "transcendence" that "transcendence" focuses on is not the transcendence of opponents, not the transcendence of timer scales, but the transcendence of self and the transcendence of inner limitations. This transcendence of inner limitations, such as Chen Jingye’s "giving way" to Zheng Kaixin when he was ahead of the trials, said, "I didn’t let you, I let my team and my motherland"; For example, Zheng Kaixin is willing to leave his hometown and teach Qingdao because it can give Hou Siyuan and Xu Duoduo a life that is no longer embarrassing. The decisive factor for Chen Mian’s final victory over Yan Xiujing was that she cut off her long hair and regained the freedom to slide happily. "The winner is strong, and the winner is strong", and "Beyond" focuses on self-victory, thus profoundly interpreting the Chinese sports spirit.

A youth inspirational drama

Transmission of struggle spirit of generations

Transcendence is an inspirational drama written for youth, not only for one generation, but for every generation. As a long-term story involving all ages, it does not adopt the narrative structure of successive generations of characters, that is, telling the story of one generation and then telling the story of the next generation. Instead, it "mixes" the stories of three generations of short track speed skaters and coaches in China with an intergenerational structure. Thus, the story of Heilongjiang short track speed skating team, which began in January 1989, and the story of Qingdao short track speed skating team, which began in July 2014, slowly unfolded and alternately presented in the form of counterpoint. The traditional narrative style of "two flowers blossom in one tree" is derived from the novel Beyond, which is a fresh style of "two clusters of flowers blossom in one tree" and "Although the heaven and the earth are different, spring happens together". As a result, Zheng Kaixin, a 17-year-old boy who was dragged into the Heilongjiang Short Track Speed Skating Team in 1989, and Chen Mian, a 16-year-old girl who tried to squeeze into the Qingdao Short Track Speed Skating Team in 2014, became "peers" and "surpassed" each other in time and space to interpret short stories, which complemented each other, achieved each other and set each other off.

The cross-narrative of intergenerational roles adopted in Transcendence is not only the "opening way" of the story of this drama, but also the purpose of highlighting the "youth community" in this drama. In Transcendence, Chen Jingye, Jiang Hong, Zheng Kaixin and Chen Mian, Bei Bei and Luo Zhujun are two generations, but their works do not deliberately exaggerate and describe the "generation difference", but spare no effort to highlight the "unity of mind". Chen Jingye’s "big brother" image is similar to Hou Siyuan’s "big sister" image, and Zheng Kaixin’s "relying on talents" expression is similar to Luo Zhujun’s "arrogant" expression. The slogan shouted by the 17-year-old Heilongjiang team is "Longjiang speed skating, win all the medals", and the 16-year-old Qingdao team responded with "Qingdao short track, who else". In the group of works about the history of intergenerational transfer, Beyond transcends the previous practice of using the post-80s and post-90s as the youth characters in many industry dramas to rigidly separate two generations or even three generations, but emphasizes the unity of mind and the same direction, which is particularly commendable. "Transcendence" overlaps the youth stories of two generations in the beginning, and merges the trajectories of two generations in the transition part, and merges the different works of the same work into the symphony that went to the Beijing Winter Olympics.

Transcendence, on the way, is also on the journey. (Author: Yedda Chiu, deputy director of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Television Art Center)

People’s Daily (20th edition, January 20, 2022)

Wen | Burning Yuan Cao Yang

Editor | Rao Xiafei

"2 pieces of beef +2 or 3 pieces of fat sausage, 8 yuan."

Afei, who hasn’t eaten mala Tang for a long time, made the above sigh after experiencing how expensive a bowl of mala Tang is, and met his colleagues at the mala Tang Ma Spicy Mix downstairs.

Afei said that it is no wonder that everyone is yelling now that "the wallet was pierced by mala Tang", which is really easy to pierce.

"My appetite is relatively small. The meal took about 35 yuan, and the two male colleagues who walked with me spent a bowl of mala Tang near 60 yuan."

In fact, like Afei and his colleagues, there are many consumers who are shocked by the price of mala Tang.

In the little red book, the netizen with the ID "Cherry Maruko" bluntly said in the note "Family, am I too poor or is Mala Tang too expensive?" "If you go to eat Mala Tang after work, you will need 19.5 yuan if you don’t take much." And mala Tang, which is popular in 88 yuan and 99 yuan, is not uncommon.

Source/Xiaohongshu Burning Yuan Screenshot

In the photo that the netizen "basked in", Burning Yuan Yuan saw that the mala Tang of 19.5 yuan probably had a sausage, two baby dishes, two pieces of gluten, a little Flammulina velutipes and two pieces of lotus root slices. So that the netizens in the comment area bluntly said, "This is a black shop" and "I don’t think I have enough to eat like 60 yuan".

Some netizens also pointed out, "Now these mala Tang weighing shops, maocai spicy pot mala Tang, are all like assassins. 15 yuan /250g, isn’t this a pound of 30 yuan? " As said by the above-mentioned netizens, Burning Yuan recently came to a number of weighing mala Tang stores and found that "a pound of meat and vegetables together" seems to have become the industry standard.

But what makes netizens vomit is that Mala Tang is not only expensive, but also has many "pits".

Recently, the blogger "superB Tai" pointed out in the video that "Sean Mala Tang is short of weight. One store peeled 36 grams less, while another store inflated 82 grams of products. " Although Sean Mala Tang responded by saying, "It is mainly due to the irregular operation of the staff involved in the store, resulting in weighing errors, and the above two stores have been rectified immediately."

At the same time, Tik Tok blogger "Barley (Beipiao Edition)" mentioned in the video that he went to eat Sean Mala Tang after a workout and was shocked by the price, so he came to the store again with a scale. Unexpectedly, the same dish was called 0.81kg, but the store weighed 1.06kg..

But the "small details" in the store don’t stop there. In the course of the blogger’s saying "take away-no need to pack the box-ask for the receipt", not only did the price of the same mala Tang change from 29.9 yuan to 26 yuan, but its weight also changed from 1.06 kg to 0.97 kg.

Although in the seven chain mala Tang brand stores visited, Burning Yuan Yuan didn’t encounter the situation of "short weight" and "inconsistent weight before and after" as netizens said, but it also made several new discoveries, that is, "the receipts of chain mala Tang brands are quite mysterious, either recycled or not given", and "the cashier basically doesn’t show the weight and price".

Behind the more and more expensive mala Tang, perhaps, merchants are pinning their hopes for this street snack to be "high-end" and "branded", but at present, it is not easy to realize this hope for mala Tang with scattered brands.

01、How much does it cost to eat mala Tang?

From a serving in 6 yuan to a bowl in 60 yuan now, the price of mala Tang can be said to have been at the forefront of Chinese chain restaurants.

In response to consumer disputes, at noon on a working day, Burning Yuan came to seven different brands of chain stores, including Yang Guofu Mala Tang Jianwai SOHO Store, Sean Mala Tang Jianwai SOHO Store, Liu Wenxiang Mala Tang Fried String International Trade Store, Xiaogu Sister Mala Ban Mala Tang International Trade Store, Lickitung Mala Tang Jianwai SOHO Store, Laojie Hengpan Mala Tang Donghuan Store, and Xu Xiaoshu Mala Tang Fenghuanghui Store.

Among them, Sister Xiaogu and Old Street Weighing Plate are undergoing product operation adjustment. A person familiar with the matter told Burning Yuan that Xiaogu’s sister Spicy Mix Mala Tang Guomao Store was being reloaded. "The snail powder shop now operating on the original site is the former Xiaogu sister."

Also being adjusted is Laojie Hengpan Mala Tang Donghuan Store. The staff of the store told Burning Yuan that the previously sold mala Tang form is now gone, and soon the store will be changed to a rice noodle shop. "But it is the same as the current brand."

Except for these two stores, the other five brands of mala Tang stores are in normal business.

Although the five mala Tang brands are different, their sales forms are basically the same, all of which are "mixed and weighed together with meat and vegetables", and the unit price of the products is similar, and the price of one catty is around 30 yuan.

Among them, the "cheapest" is Sean Mala Tang, which costs 28.8 yuan/kg, and the most expensive is Xu Xiaoshu Mala Tang, which costs 39.9 yuan/kg. Other brands, Liu Wenxiang Mala Tang fried skewers, Lickitung Mala Tang and Yang Guofu Mala Tang are priced at 29.8 yuan/kg, 29.88 yuan/kg and 29.9 yuan/kg respectively.

"I’m a veteran mala Tang fan, and I’ve been eating it since I was in Yang Guofu or 6 yuan. Up to now, if you choose to eat a bowl of mala Tang in Yang Guofu for a working meal, you need about 25-30 yuan. " Xiang Bin, who is having lunch at Jianwai SOHO in Yang Guofu Mala Tang, said that it is not cheap, but it can’t be said that it is particularly expensive. After all, the prices of many things are rising. "I feel that this is already the average price of eating a bowl of Mala Tang. My male colleagues around me basically spend about 40 yuan."

As Xiang Xiang said, the observation of Burning Yuan in Yang Guofu Mala Tang Jianwai SOHO Store shows that the consumption amount of female consumers is roughly between 25-35 yuan, and that of men is relatively high, generally above 30 yuan, with the largest amount around 40 yuan, but basically not exceeding 50 yuan.

Source/combustion element shooting

In fact, the price in 50 yuan is far from the high price of a bowl of mala Tang for ordinary consumers. On the same day, a female consumer who dined at Xu Xiaoshu’s Fenghuanghui store told Burning Yuan that her company was upstairs in Fenghuanghui, and she loved spicy food, so Xu Xiaoshu became a high-frequency choice for lunch.

"This mala Tang brand is more expensive than other mala Tang brands, and the basic meal should be around 60 yuan." As she said, the consumer showed the small ticket of her meal to the burning yuan, "The boiled food is 0.847kg, 67.59 yuan; Plus a bottle of sour plum soup 9.9 yuan, a total consumption of 77.49 yuan. "

In addition to "expensive", the vague price tag is also one of the factors that consumers vomit.

Taking Yang Guofu Mala Tang as an example, unlike other merchants’ clearly marked prices, Burning Yuan found that Yang Guofu Mala Tang did not indicate the price in the food area.

Perhaps because it coincided with the lunch peak, there was a constant stream of consumers queuing to choose dishes in the store that day, and the seats were almost full of guests. After watching the food area for about 2 minutes, and shopping for some things, Burning Yuan found that at least in Yang Guofu Mala Tang Jianwai SOHO store, there was no price of food.

At the same time, on the scale of the checkout counter, although the weight of the container has been deducted by 0.350kg, the unit price and total amount are not displayed except the total weight of the food after the consumer puts it on. Moreover, Yang Guofu, which sells mala Tang, does not provide sesame sauce in the free snack area. If you need sesame sauce, you have to pay extra.

With curiosity, Burning Yuan handed the selected dishes to the cashier. Subsequently, the cashier handed the receipt to Burning Yuan. The dishes weighing 0.422/kg totaled 25.15 yuan, and the paid-in amount was 25.10 yuan. The overall consumption amount was basically in line with expectations.

Later, when picking up the meal, although the receipt was taken back as a meal voucher, it was not easy to provide the receipt on its own initiative. After all, in Sean Mala Tang, Liu Wenxiang Mala Tang Store and Xu Xiaoshu Store, only Xu Xiaoshu provided the receipt. After weighing the dishes, the cashiers of the other two companies didn’t offer the receipt at all.

Of course, the three companies still have something in common, that is, when consumers settle accounts at the front desk, the weighing platform does not display the weight and price.

However, what surprised the burning yuan even more was that almost no consumer questioned the price of the dishes, nor did he think that it would be wrong not to give a small ticket.

A girl who dined in Liu Wenxiang Mala Tang told Burning Yuan that when she was eating Mala Tang, she never asked for a small ticket or even asked for the price. "After weighing, she directly scanned the code and paid."

02、Is the rising cost the main reason?

Xiao Xiao, who has been in the industry for several years, has different views on the discussion that mala Tang is becoming more and more expensive.

Xiao Xiao is an independent mala Tang store operator. In his view, the price increase of chain stores is a very normal phenomenon. "In fact, in terms of unit price, it is not only the mala Tang weighed by the above chain brands, but also the string-like mala Tang like ours. In fact, the price is not cheap. There are often male customers in my store who spend 60 to 70 yuan for a meal."

Not only that, there is no uniform standard in this industry. For example, Xiao Xiao said, "Take a fish seed bag as an example. My shop sells 4 yuan money, but in the county towns more than ten kilometers away from me, some sell 6 yuan money, while others sell 8 yuan money. But in fact, no one can explain how much it is worth."

"But we can’t just see the rise in front-end prices and ignore the price increase of the entire industrial chain or raw material costs. Especially in the past three years, the rent cost, labor cost and raw material cost are all rising. Even after the unsealing last year, in fact, this price has not dropped, and this trend of price increase has continued this year. "

Xiao Xiao added, "Seasons will also affect the cost of mala Tang. For example, some special spinach and rape for mala Tang will lead to different prices due to different seasons."

"The first thing is that in the winter when the cost of raw materials is high, stores will increase the price of products as the cost rises. However, in the season when the cost of raw materials falls, basically no stores will follow the price reduction; Secondly, such as fungus, potato chips, gluten and other categories, this creature itself has strong water absorption, and it will undoubtedly be much heavier if it is soaked in water for a long time. "

Of course, netizens are not unaware of this. On the Zhihu, netizens posted in the post "Mala Tang talks about selling by the catty, and vegetarian food costs one price. What is the most cost-effective?" As mentioned in the article, "going there to eat meat dishes is actually a trap. First of all, meat dishes are processed meat, which is cheap; Followed by frozen wholesale, with a lot of water. "

Xiao Xiao said that in fact, the weighing form of mala Tang has only begun to rise in recent years. Take Yang Guofu as an example. It was originally made by portions. "At first, I remember that it was 6 yuan’s money, and then it rose to 8 yuan, and then it was slowly changed to weighing."

"For stores, especially chain stores, the biggest advantage of weighing may be that the model is simple and saves high labor costs." Xiao Xiao added, because the store staff only need to wash the dishes, just put them there. But string is different, all dishes need to be strung, which seems simple, but it is a waste of time.

Figure/Yang Guofu Jianwai SOHO Store; Source/combustion element shooting

In Xiao Xiao’s view, there is another key point, that is, consumers’ purchasing power is becoming more and more rational. "I can intuitively feel that consumers’ purchasing power is generally declining this year, but prices are in the opposite state. This will make consumers more intuitively think that Mala Tang’s price increase is too fast. "

Xiao Xiao added that it may be because of these hidden and opaque factors that more and more consumers feel that "mala Tang is ridiculously expensive."

03、Brands are scattered, and high-end is difficult.

In fact, in the eyes of some people in the industry, behind the increasingly expensive mala Tang, perhaps there is a hidden hope that this street snack can also be "branded" or even "high-end". Although at present, it is not easy.

Zhu Danpeng, a food industry analyst in China, made it clear that despite the rapid development of the domestic mala Tang industry, it is still in a relatively low-end operation stage, which may also be the main reason for the constant problems in the industry.

"The domestic mala Tang industry has a history of more than 20 years, but at present, the whole mala Tang is still in the operation stage of lack of standardization, specialization, branding, capitalization and scale."

Zhu Danpeng added that whether it is Sean or Yang Guofu, they do have thousands of stores, and they have also become a "double-leading pattern" in China. But in fact, their proportion in the whole mala Tang market is actually very small, and the whole market still presents a very scattered status quo.

Zheshang Securities Research Institute’s report "Mala Tang First Share, Rapid Expansion of Nugget 2B Supply Chain" points out that Mala Tang belongs to Chinese fast food track. According to the sum of total merchandise transactions, China Mala Tang market increased from 96.8 billion yuan in 2016 to 130.6 billion yuan in 2019, with CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of 10.5%. Affected by the epidemic, the market size will be reduced to 114.2 billion yuan in 2020, down 12.5% year-on-year. It is estimated that the market scale will reach 197.3 billion yuan in 2025, and the CAGR of China Mala Tang market will be 11.5% in 2020-2025.

The above report also pointed out that the market concentration of China Mala Tang is higher than that of Chinese fast food as a whole, but it is still highly dispersed. According to the total transaction volume, the market share of CR5 is only 10.2% and that of CR2 is 8.3% in 2020. Yang Guofu ranks first with 4.3%, followed by Sean Mala Tang. There are many malatang chain brands other than "Yangzhang", but the number of restaurants is less than 1000, and the scale gap is obvious.

Another group of data from Narrow Gate shows that there are currently 490 malatang brands in China. Among the seven mala Tang brands mentioned above, ranked by the number of stores, as of April 13th, Yang Guofu Mala Tang, Sean Mala Tang, Xiaogu Sister Mala Ban Mala Tang, Liu Wenxiang Huanan Dawan Mala Tang and Laojie Chengpan Mala Tang ranked among the top five domestic mala Tang brands with 5656, 5646, 905, 884 and 860 stores respectively.

The number of Lickitung Mala Tang Noodles and Xu Xiaoshu’s stores is much less, only 103 and 12 respectively.

Source/Narrow Gate Data

Obviously, the brand also saw the huge potential of the domestic mala Tang market at this stage, so that Yang Guofu, which was still bidding for Haidilao in 2019, turned its attention to Starbucks in 2021.

Yang Guofu, the founder of Yang Guofu Mala Tang, once publicly stated, "Now the price of Mala Tang in first-tier cities is about higher than that in 30 yuan, which is equivalent to a cup of coffee, but the brand of Starbucks is more high-end." And mentioned, "I hope Yang Guofu will form its own brand culture, so that consumers can feel honored when they eat mala Tang".

"But before that, whether it is an old brand or a new brand, the first thing to be solved should be the shortcomings of the mala Tang industry, such as food safety and service awareness." Zhu Danpeng bluntly said.

As Zhu Danpeng said, food safety has always been a stubborn disease that Mala Tang brand is difficult to solve.

On April 17th, # Many online celebrity restaurants in Beijing have food safety problems # attracted consumers’ attention. According to the topic, in 2023, Beijing Municipal and District Market Supervision Bureaus will continue to conduct food safety inspections on chain restaurants, "online celebrity" restaurants, food cities and other catering enterprises throughout the city.

In the bulletin published since January, 2023, among the number of chain restaurants with food safety problems, Sister Xiaogu, Sean Mala Tang and Yang Guofu Mala Tang are all on the list, with 4, 4 and 2 restaurants respectively.

"In addition, the store’s operational capabilities, service capabilities and customer stickiness also need to be improved." Zhu Danpeng further emphasized that at this stage, the chain stores in the franchise mode have weak management and control, and it is obviously not competitive to ensure the integrity of the supply chain.

Zhu Danpeng also said that on the whole, although China’s mala Tang market is still at the node of low-end operation, the rise of its consumer groups with the new generation as the core has just given the brand more imagination, market potential and development prospects. Still available.

References:

Yang Guofu is not "blessed": tens of thousands of entrepreneurs joined in a few years. Source: Orange Xiaoxiang.

* Afei and Xiang Bin are pseudonyms in the text.

* combustion element (ID:chaintruth)

* Disclaimer: In any case, the information or opinions expressed in this article do not constitute investment advice to anyone.

As the first model of the brand, the Leopard 5 under BYD Equation Leopard is positioned as a new energy hard-core off-road medium and large SUV, which will be equipped with non-loaded body and plug-in hybrid system. Among them, the new DMO super hybrid off-road platform will be the first technical trump card of Leopard 5. What are the highlights of this technology? Let’s take a look at it first.

● The latest information of equation Leopard 5.

　　As the first model of Equation Leopard brand, Leopard 5 manufacturers are still very cautious about its information disclosure. Judging from the official information released at present, the new car is built on BYD’s new DMO super hybrid off-road platform, positioned as a medium and large SUV, adopting a design language called "Leopard Aesthetics" and equipped with Yunqi -P intelligent hydraulic body control system. The price of the new car is expected to be around 400 thousand yuan, and the delivery will be completed within the year.

　　In terms of performance configuration, Leopard 5 is the first model equipped with BYD’s new DMO super hybrid off-road platform, and Yunqi -P intelligent hydraulic body control system is also equipped. At the same time, the new car will be equipped with two motors and three differential locks (including electronic differential system), which will further enhance the power and the upper limit of extricating from difficulties. In addition, the Leopard 5 will adopt a vertical engine layout and have a comprehensive endurance performance of 1200km. The new car is expected to be unveiled at the upcoming Chengdu Auto Show, and interested friends can pay attention to it.

● DMO super hybrid off-road platform

　　The black technology on Leopard 5 is quite rich. In addition to the Yunqi -P intelligent hydraulic body control system (portal), it also adopts a brand-new DMO super hybrid off-road platform, which is the key technical support for Leopard 5 to have super off-road capability.

　　Leopard 5 supports fast charging, and it takes only 16 minutes to charge the battery from 30% to 80%. In the case of full oil and full electricity, the comprehensive cruising range exceeds 1200km. Oil and electricity can be used, and long battery life will help users travel all over the country.

■ Longitudinal engine hybrid system

　　"DM" in DMO super hybrid off-road platform refers to BYD DM dual-mode hybrid technology; And "O" means Off-Road, which means off-road. Taken together, DMO is the abbreviation of Dual Mode Off-Road, which is a set of hybrid electric platform technology specially developed for off-road

　　At the same time, the longitudinal engine also reserves more space for the layout of the double wishbone independent front suspension and the cloud -P system, which is a scheme choice after weighing the advantages and disadvantages of many parties.

■ EHS hybrid special gearbox adopts a new design.

　　In addition, although DMO and DM-i both adopt the configuration of double motors in series and parallel, their EHS hybrid gearbox designs are quite different. At present, BYD has not disclosed the specific structure of the EHS hybrid gearbox on the DMO platform.

　　SiC silicon carbide power semiconductor components are also one of the necessary technical configurations for the 800V voltage architecture that is being popularized. Leopard 5′ s EHS hybrid gearbox is also integrated with electronic differential system for the first time, which can actively lock when one wheel slips/idles, transfer the driving force to the wheel with adhesion, and improve the passability of the vehicle under complex off-road conditions.

■ Adapted to 1.5T and 2.0T engines.

　　DMO platform models will be equipped with 1.5T engine or 2.0T engine, of which the maximum power of 1.5T engine is 143kW and that of 2.0T engine is 180kW, and the thermal efficiency of both engines will exceed 40%.

　　Leopard 5 will be equipped with a 1.5T engine. As can be seen from the engine exhibition at the conference site, this 1.5T engine adopts advanced technology configurations such as intake/exhaust variable timing valve system (the intake valve timing adjustment mechanism is in the form of motor control, which can quickly adjust the intake valve timing phase at a large angle to realize Miller cycle working mode with expansion ratio greater than compression ratio), cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold, direct injection in high-pressure cylinder and pulley-free design.

　　This 1.5T engine can achieve very high thermal efficiency in some working conditions, thus further reducing the fuel consumption when the engine (driving generator) generates electricity and when the engine directly drives the vehicle.

■ Low gear and differential lock

　　As mentioned earlier, in order to realize the four-wheel drive function, Leopard 5 has arranged a motor on the rear axle, which has a peak power of 285kW and a peak torque of 400N·m, and its power output is stronger than that of the front axle drive motor.

　　Because Leopard 5 has no central transmission shaft, its front axle power and rear axle power are decoupled mechanically, which gives great freedom to the distribution of front and rear axle power. When the power of the front and rear axles of Leopard 5 is distributed at 50:50, it is equivalent to locking the "central differential lock", which can make the best use of the road auxiliary force of the upper four wheels and further improve the vehicle’s ability to get out of trouble.

■ Battery pack arranged on the chassis

　　The battery pack of Leopard 5 is arranged between two longitudinal chassis beams. BYD officially calls this design "CTC", that is, the battery chassis integration of Cell To Chassis. Leopard 5 has a high-strength double-layer protective plate at the bottom of the battery pack, which can resist the impact energy of 1200J J.

　　Leopard 5 adopts BYD’s unique blade battery technology, and the battery level can achieve high safety without explosion and fire in the acupuncture test. The direct cooling and direct heating technology of heat pump is superimposed with active and passive temperature equalization design, so that the battery pack of Leopard 5 can adapt to different temperature environments from -40℃ to 60℃.

　　At present, most models sold by BYD are designed with single-layer blade batteries. It is believed that this double-layer blade battery design will become more and more common as BYD’s new cars with non-loaded bodies are listed one after another.

■ Front and rear double wishbone suspension system

　　The front and rear suspensions of Leopard 5 are in the form of double wishbone, and the stout control arm gives people stronger confidence in reliability and durability. This suspension system provides a good hardware foundation for Yunnian -P intelligent hydraulic body control system.

　　Yunqi -P can adjust the height, damping and stiffness adaptively, and has the function of four-wheel linkage. The system can realize the height adjustment range of more than 200mm, and support the functions of extreme extrication, camping leveling, convenient fetching and so on. At the same time, the multi-damping mode adjustment of urban driving gives better consideration to maneuverability and comfort.

■ It took 4 years to develop, covering 150 off-road working conditions.

　　Leopard 5 has been developed for 4 years, covering more than 30 off-road venues and 150 off-road conditions in China, with a cumulative test mileage of more than 1 million kilometers. Under various off-road conditions, Leopard 5 has a bright performance.

■ Leopard U-turn function

　　Leopard 5 supports the "Leopard U-turn" function. By making the front and rear wheels at diagonal positions rotate in opposite directions, the turning radius is reduced to 3.4m on off-road roads with relatively low adhesion, which makes it easier for vehicles to pass through some narrow intersections.

　　This working mode of reverse rotation of front and rear wheels is difficult to realize in ordinary fuel four-wheel drive vehicles, because these vehicles are driven by mechanical means, and the power of front and rear axles is coupled. Only after the dynamic decoupling of the front and rear axles is realized, can the leopard-like U-turn functions such as looking up at U8 and Leopard-5 be realized.

■ Support the car to charge the car

　　Leopard 5 supports 20kW in-situ charging function, that is, let the engine drive the generator to generate electricity, and charge the battery pack with 10% of the electricity in 10 minutes.

　　It is worth mentioning that, like other hybrid models of BYD, Leopard 5 also uses 12V Ferrous lithium phosphate starter battery to replace lead-acid battery, which is more environmentally friendly (completely lead-free) and has a longer service life (the same life as the whole vehicle). BYD is the first manufacturer in the world to adopt this technology, which has been used for 6 years.

■ High-voltage electric winch

　　Winch is a self-protection and traction device for off-road vehicles, which can be used for self-rescue in harsh environments such as snow, swamp and desert, and may be used for clearing obstacles, dragging articles and installing facilities under other conditions.

● Full text summary:

　　The rise of the trend of pursuing individuality and longing for a long journey and the maturity of new energy technology have made the market segment of new energy hard-core off-road SUV heat up rapidly, and new models have sprung up. Most of these new products are China brand products. Equation Leopard 5 is a model born for this era. It is equipped with technologies such as Yunqi -P and DMO platform, which has certain innovation in design and immediate performance improvement.

　　In China, the involution of every new market segment is fierce, and the competing products of Leopard 5 are also poor, including Toyota’s brand-new Prado, which has a full reputation, and the tank 500 Hi4-T of Great Wall Motor, a veteran SUV player in China. A fierce battle began immediately. Who are you more optimistic about in front of the screen? Leave a message in the comment area and share your opinion.

　　Recently, the research report of relevant institutions pointed out that palm oil will produce more chloropropanol esters and glycidyl esters than other vegetable oils in the process of high-temperature refining above 200℃. Subsequently, some media reports about the toxicity of chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester in food attracted consumers’ attention. A few days ago, china food and drug administration released the second issue of Food Safety Risk Analysis in 2017, and organized relevant experts to interpret it.

　　Chloropropanol ester is the esterification product of chloropropanol compounds and fatty acids, which can be divided into 3- chloropropanol ester (3-MCPD ester), 2- chloro -1,3- propanediol ester (2-MCPD ester), 1,3- dichloro -2- propanol ester (1,3-DCP ester) and 2,3- dichloro according to the different types of chloropropanol. In recent years, it has been found that 3- chloropropanol esters are detected in cereals, coffee, fish, meat products, potatoes, nuts and hot-processed fatty foods with vegetable oil as raw materials. Especially, the reports of detecting 3- chloropropanol ester in refined vegetable oil and other foods are increasing gradually. Glycidyl ester is the esterification product of fatty acid and glycidyl ester. It is a twin brother with chloropropanol ester, and its formation mechanism is similar. In the process of oil refining, glycidyl ester is usually formed together with 3- chloropropanol ester, and the content of 3- chloropropanol ester is high, so is the content of glycidyl ester. 3- chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester have become the new pollutants of vegetable oil that attract worldwide attention.

　　Second, some studies believe that these two substances have a low risk of harm to human health.

　　At present, the toxicological research on 3- chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester is not systematic. The Hong Kong Centre for Food Safety assessed the exposure of people according to the content of 3- chloropropanol esters in biscuits, vegetable oils, cakes and other foods, and concluded that the health risks of 3- chloropropanol esters ingested through the above foods did not need special attention. The German Institute for Risk Assessment assessed the risk of glycidyl ester intake by European people through vegetable oil, and concluded that glycidyl ester intake by the general population through vegetable oil does not pose a safety risk to health. At present, the published research data in China also believe that the risk of glycidyl ester intake by the general population through food such as vegetable oil is low.

　　3. At present, there is no international limit standard for these two substances.

　　3- chloropropanol ester may be hydrolyzed into 3- chloropropanol in vivo. In 2012, the Joint Expert Committee of Food Additives of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)/ World Health Organization (WHO) formulated the tentative maximum daily tolerance (PMTDI) of 3- chloropropanol as 2μg/kg per kg body weight. However, the corresponding limit standards for 3- chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester have not yet been formulated.

　　Fourthly, optimizing the refining process can reduce the content of these two substances.

　　The results show that the content of 3- chloropropanol ester in oil processing raw materials and unrefined vegetable oil is extremely low, but the content of refined vegetable oil increases significantly, and its content level is related to the types of raw materials of crude oil. Compared with corn oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil, vegetable oil with pulp as raw material, such as palm oil, is more likely to produce 3- chloropropanol ester. Optimizing the production process can reduce and control the production of 3- chloropropanol ester and glycidyl ester in vegetable oil refining.

　　Therefore, experts suggest: First, strengthen analysis and research to provide scientific basis for whether it is necessary to formulate limit standards for these two substances. Second, according to the characteristics of different oil raw materials, for example, some oils are suitable for cold pressing and some are suitable for hot processing, and different processing methods are established. Moderate processing can reduce the formation of harmful substances and avoid the excessive formation of various risk factors. Third, consumers should pay attention to nutrition collocation and food diversification in their daily diet, and take vegetable oil according to the dietary guidelines of China residents (2016) to avoid excessive intake.

On November 17th, it was reported that during the Guangzhou Auto Show which opened today, BMW’s new generation 5 Series and pure electric i5 models were officially unveiled. The wheelbase of the new car was lengthened for the China market, and various "exclusive" configurations were introduced.

The new generation 5 Series and i5 still inherit BMW’s "fine tradition" of lengthening wheelbase and body in China market. At the same time, the car still offers two kinds of appearance pieces: luxury suit and M suit, which focuses on sports.

In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new generation 5 Series/i5 are 5175/1900/1520mm, respectively.

Compared with the old 5-series model, the car also has a huge change. The original iconic "drumstick" gear has been replaced by a lever shift mechanism next to the knob, and it is equipped with a Bowers&Wilkins surround sound system and four-zone automatic air conditioning that can be independently controlled in the back row.

The car also has a number of exclusive configurations and designs for the China market, including a 31-inch suspended giant screen at the top of the rear seat. This entertainment screen has 8K resolution and supports real-time interconnection. The overall design style and configuration are further closer to the new generation 7 Series.

In terms of power, the fuel version 5 Series is expected to be equipped with a 2.0T engine and a 48V light mixing system, with a maximum power of 190kW and a maximum torque of 400N?m. As for the pure electric i5 model, refer to the previous report of IT House, and the declaration information of single motor model shows that its maximum power is 250kW.

In addition, the i5 M60 xDrive model will be equipped with a dual-motor four-wheel drive system, with a maximum power of 601 HP, a peak torque of 820 Nm and an acceleration time of 3.8 seconds.