Editor’s lead: E-commerce data is very important and critical for the e-commerce industry, and observation data is also an indispensable daily work. The author of this article systematically introduces the indicator system of e-commerce data, and introduces the indicator system of e-commerce data from many aspects. Let’s learn it together.

In major e-commerce platforms or e-commerce companies, the most common thing is this kind of data monitoring big screen, which is used to help platforms and businesses understand the business situation in real time.

To observe data, we must first establish a complete data index system and define clearly what we want to see and how to see it.

This paper will introduce the e-commerce data index system through the definition, system construction and detailed explanation of e-commerce data.

E-commerce data refers to digital information used to record user behavior, including quantitative data of a series of behavior habits such as user registration, login, traffic, click, consumption and repurchase.

To analyze the data, we must first understand the business process of e-commerce, and analyze the user’s business path through the business process, what indicators each path needs to pay attention to, and the business loss that each path may bring. Finally, a perfect business funnel is formed.

For example, from the user’s point of view, the business process of e-commerce can include the following important nodes:

From what channels do users become registered users of e-commerce, including their own apps or other delivery channels, including WeChat, Alipay, Tik Tok and below-the-line.

Here, we need to focus on the number of registered users in each channel and the customer acquisition cost of each channel, such as CPA (single registration cost).

When the user is registered, there will be an e-commerce page to undertake, which means that the user will have browsing and clicking behaviors. At this time, the user’s preferences and potential transactions can be judged through the user’s browsing behavior.

Here, we need to focus on observing the UV, PV, browsing time, product click-through rate and so on of each page.

It should be noted that in the e-commerce position, search is a very important entrance. When users have a clear shopping intention, they are more likely to reach the goods directly through search.

Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the relevant traffic of search, including search UV, PV, and result rate.

When users reach the commodity level, they will enter the transformation link of ordering and trading.

This is the core gold process of e-commerce and an important path for user transactions.

Here, we need to focus on the quantity of orders, the number of people placing orders, the amount of orders placed, the quantity of payment orders, the number of people paying, the payment amount, the customer unit price, the gross profit margin and so on.

At the same time, we need to pay attention to the situation of after-sales orders, but when orders are closed due to after-sales or other abnormal reasons, it is also a part of the loss for the platform. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the after-sales order quantity, closing quantity and closing rate.

For the platform, after acquiring a user, of course, it will be hoped that he will repurchase as much as possible and generate more GMV, that is, to improve ARPU(Average Revenue Per User) as much as possible, that is, the contribution value of a single user.

Therefore, we need to pay attention to user activity, repurchase rate, shopping cart situation and so on.

The shopping cart is actually an ordering tool, but according to the user’s habits, the goods added to the shopping cart are more likely to be purchased or repurchased later, so we can also pay attention to the usage rate of the shopping cart at this stage.

In addition to the user’s point of view, you can also build business processes and corresponding data systems from the perspective of goods, orders and stores.

Because users have a life cycle, goods also have a life cycle, from shelves, orders, transactions, to emptying inventory. A set of commodity data index system can also be established.

Based on the above data definition and business process explanation, we can first establish a set of data index system that is as perfect as possible, that is, covering all business processes and business perspectives.

In this BI system, through the indicators of different dimensions, it is built layer by layer.

Users are the foundation of the "people-goods-field" system of e-commerce. No one comes, no matter how high-quality goods and luxurious fields are, it doesn’t make any sense.

Only by operating users well can transformation be formed.

1) Basic user attributes

• Age;
• Gender;
• Provinces;
• City;
• Type: for example, the current identity of the user, such as student, white-collar worker, etc.
• Risk level: In many installment e-commerce businesses involving finance, the user’s risk level is an important attribute, which determines whether the user can obtain the quota and use installment shopping.

The basic attributes of the above users are mainly to help the platform build user portraits and analyze users’ e-commerce consumption preferences.

2) User’s trading behavior

• Days since the last transaction order;
• The amount of the last transaction order;
• Number of historical transaction orders;
• Historical transaction order amount.

Through the first two indicators, we can judge the current active state of the user and whether it is necessary to align for activation or recall.

Through the latter two indicators, we can clearly calculate the customer unit price of the user, that is, the ARPU value of the user, which is the key to measure the user value.

3) User life cycle

• Number of registered users: number of registered e-commerce platform users;
• Number of active users: the number of users who log in to the APP;
• Number of users browsing business details: the number of users browsing the product details page;
• Number of new users: the number of users with 0 historical transaction orders;
• Number of old users: the number of users with historical transaction orders greater than 0;
• Number of repurchased users: the number of users with historical transaction orders greater than 1;
• Number of silent users: the number of users who have logged in the APP for more than 30 days and less than 90 days;
• Number of lost users: the number of users who have logged into the APP for 90 days or more.

Differentiating users according to their life cycle is conducive to the hierarchical and refined operation of users. Different operation strategies are adopted for users at different stages. For example, new users can be urged to complete their first order as soon as possible through new coupons and push, and the number of silent users can be recalled through SMS and exclusive offers.

It should be noted that different platforms have different definitions of their own silent and lost users. Some platforms will judge by activity, while others will judge by transaction. This time, it is only for reference, and it needs to be formulated in combination with its own platform characteristics and business demands.

After users come in, the first pages to accept users are all levels, including APP access, home page, activity pages, business details pages and clicks on elements in each page. These are the key indicators of traffic statistics.

1）APP

• Number of APP openers;
• APP opening times;
• Each tab is exposed to uv;
• Expose PV for each tab;
• Click uv on each tab;
• Click PV for each tab;
• UV click rate of each tab = click uv of each tab/expose uv of each tab;
• The PV click rate of each tab = each tab clicks on PV/ each tab exposes PV.

In general, we define the number of people who open the APP as the number of activities, so we need to measure the activity by counting the number and times of opening the APP.

There are many bottom tabs in current apps, such as Taobao’s home page, shopping, messages, shopping cart and my Taobao.

Each tab will have a corresponding exposure and click, and the click rate can be calculated according to this.

2) Active Page

• Page exposure uv;
• Page exposure PV;
• Click uv on the page;
• Click PV on the page;
• Page UV click rate = page click UV/ page exposure UV;
• Page PV click rate = page click PV/ page exposure PV;
• Per capita exposure = page exposure PV/ page exposure UV;
• Per capita click = page click PV/ page click UV.

Activity pages include home page, activity pages at all levels, and channel pages. For the statistical traffic of pages, the most important thing is exposure and clicking, so that the traffic of an activity page can be judged.

You can also refer to the per capita click, click rate and other indicators to judge the attractiveness of a single activity page to users.

3) Active Page Element

• Element exposure UV
• Element exposure PV
• Element click UV
• Element click PV
• Element UV click rate = element click UV/ element exposure UV
• Element PV click rate = element click PV/ element exposure PV
• Per capita exposure = element exposure PV/ element exposure UV
• Per capita click = element click PV/ element click UV

Active page elements refer to the elements in the above pages, such as package station, banner, icon, feed stream, advertising space, pop-up window and floating.

This is the important data for the traffic monitoring of the active page. Only by knowing the click rate of each element can we know which content users are more interested in, and then guide the operation to design and adjust the page.

Especially for the placement of advertising space, many platforms need internal competition for the content of advertising space.

One of the main bases of competition is the click-through rate. If the content delivered has a high click-through rate, it means that the delivery value is relatively higher. Of course, this needs to be viewed in combination with the subsequent transformation.

4) Business details

• Business details page uv;
• Business details page PV;
• Add a shopping cart and click UV;
• Add a shopping cart and click PV;
• Buy now and click UV;
• Buy now, click PV.

The product details page is an important page in the payment process of ordering, which mainly records the user’s browsing and jumping to place an order.

In addition to basic browsing data, clicking on the car and buying data.

In fact, there are many modules in the business details page, such as the coupon layer, whether the user clicks to see which coupons are available and clicks to collect them.

In the actual embedding point, all the browsing and clicking of the bomb layer should have embedding points, and according to the business needs, the browsing and clicking data of the corresponding module on the page can be observed.

5) Order page

• Confirm the order page UV;
• Confirm the order page PV;
• Submit the order and click UV;
• Submit the order and click PV.

The order confirmation page is also the core page of the order payment process. When users want to place an order for payment, they must go through the order confirmation page to confirm the relevant information of the order, and then jump to payment.

Among them, page browsing data and click-to-submit order data are the most important, which are the key data indicators of the funnel of order placing process.

There are other modules that can also be properly concerned, such as the coupon layer, whether the user clicks to see which coupons are available and clicks to use them; Select the receiving address, elastic layer, etc.

6) Payment page

• Payment page uv;
• Payment page PV;
• Click uv to pay the order;
• Click PV to pay the order.

The payment page is the last page of the payment process, and it is also the key to the transaction. Only when the user finally makes a transaction will it mean the improvement of GMV. The payment page is also commonly called the cashier page.

Page browsing data and pay-per-click data are the most important, which are the key data indicators of the order process funnel.

Many platforms will also open other functions at the checkout counter, such as choosing different payment methods, supporting the choice of installment payment and choosing different installment numbers, and observing users’ payment preferences through their clicks.

In e-commerce business, search is a very important business entrance. When users have no clear purchase target, they may browse the recommended products in the feed stream.

But when users have a very clear purchase goal, search is always the first entrance for users.

1) Search the basic situation

• Search exposure uv;
• Search exposure PV;
• Search and click PV;
• Search and click PV;
• Search UV usage rate = search click UV/ search exposure UV;
• Search PV utilization rate = search click PV/ search exposure PV;
• Number of searches per capita = search click PV/ search click UV;
• Per capita search terms = (search results words+search results words)/search clicks UV.

Search portals will exist in multiple pages, usually on the home page, so that users can clearly see them, so it is necessary to record their exposure and click data and analyze the user’s use of search.

In addition, we can observe the number of searches per capita and the number of words. If users search a lot, on the one hand, it shows that their purpose of coming to the platform is clear, on the other hand, they need to pay attention to whether the relevant recommendations are not accurate enough, which leads users to use search frequently.

2) Search has results

• Search has results uv;
• Search has a result PV;
• Search for results, click on the results UV;
• Search for results and click on the results PV;
• Search results without clicking UV;
• Search results without clicking UV proportion = search results without clicking UV https://www.woshipm.com/data-analysis/search results with UV;
• Search for the amount of words with results;
• Search for the number of words with results and no clicks;
• Proportion of words with search results without clicking = words with search results without clicking/words with search results.

According to the search results, it can be divided into search with results and search without results. When the search has results, you can check the number and times of people who have search results and whether they click after the results.

If the search has results, but the proportion of no clicks is high, it may be necessary to pay attention to whether the search results are not accurate enough, and the products searched out are not what users want, so users don’t want to click.

3) Search has no results

• Search for no results uv;
• Search for no result PV;
• Proportion of people who search for no results = search for no results UV/search click UV;
• Search for fruitless words;
• Proportion of search words without results = search words without results/(search words with results+search words without results).

Compared with the search with results, the search without results needs to focus on the problem of word quantity.

If there are a lot of words with no results, and the proportion is high, it means that there is a shortage of goods or the search matching algorithm needs to be optimized.

When the proportion of users who have no results in the overall search increases, they need to pay attention to the optimization of search products immediately. If more and more users come to search but don’t get feedback, then more and more users will be lost.

In the search data, the observation idea can be:

1. Pay attention to the data without results first, reduce the proportion of search without results, and ensure that users can find things;
2. Then pay attention to the data with results, reduce the proportion of results without clicks, and ensure that what the user finds is what he wants;
3. Finally, pay attention to the click data with results, and judge whether the things searched and clicked by users have finally formed a transformation.

Commodities mainly depend on their sales volume and profit, with sales volume paid by placing orders and profit by gross profit.

1) Basic information of commodities

• Quantity of commodities;
• New quantity of goods;
• The number of goods in stock;
• No inventory quantity of goods;
• The goods are sold in quantity;
• No sales quantity of goods;
• New rate of goods = new quantity of goods/quantity of goods;
• Sales rate of commodities = quantity of commodities sold/quantity of commodities;
• The unsalable rate of commodities = unsold quantity of commodities/quantity of commodities;
• Commodity dumping rate = quantity of goods out of stock/quantity of goods.

The quantity of goods reflects the ability of "goods" in e-commerce, and transactions can only be made if goods are available first.

But in addition, we need to pay attention to several major indicators, and whether the new rate feedback platform on commodities has continuously iteratively updated commodities.

The sales rate of commodities ensures that not only commodities are available, but also people buy them.

If the slow-moving rate of video is too high, we need to take corresponding measures to enhance the exposure of long-tail goods.

If the commodity dumping rate is high, on the one hand, it can reflect the preferences of platform users, on the other hand, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the supply chain is complete and whether iterative optimization is needed to support commodity sales.

2) Commodity sales

• Number of people placing orders;
• Number of orders placed;
• Order amount;
• Number of payers;
• Payment odd number;
• Payment amount.

The data indicators of goods ordering and payment mainly feed back the sales of goods.

3) Commodity profit

• Gross profit of self-operated goods = transaction amount-procurement cost-storage cost-logistics cost+rebate;
• Gross profit of pop products = transaction amount * deduction ratio-platform promotion expenses.

The profit of commodities can be divided into self-operated commodities and pop commodities to calculate.

For the big platform, there are both self-operated goods and shops, and the profit of the platform is calculated by deducting points.

The gross profit of self-operated goods needs to deduct the purchase cost, storage cost and logistics cost from the transaction amount of goods.

In addition, there may be cooperation with the brand, and the corresponding rebate can be obtained for selling a certain commodity, which is also part of the income.

It should be noted that only the gross profit of goods is considered here, all from the perspective of goods, such as labor costs are not taken into account.

For pop goods, that is, goods sold in stores, the commission is generally calculated by deducting the proportion of points, and at the same time, the promotion expenses spent by the platform, such as the amount of coupons issued by the platform, are deducted.

Order is the core of e-commerce system and the key to all transformation and statistics. The whole order process includes ordering, payment, completion and after-sales.

1) Place an order

• Number of orders placed;
• Number of people placing orders;
• Order amount.

2) Deal

• Number of transactions;
• Number of transactions;
• Transaction amount;
• Unit price of clinched a deal = clinched a deal amount/clinched a deal quantity;
• Transaction customer unit price = transaction amount/number of transactions;
• Turnover rate = turnover/order number;
• Transaction order conversion rate = transaction quantity/order quantity.

In addition to the basic order transaction index, it is also necessary to observe the customer unit price, which is the key to measure the user’s value, and can also understand the user’s consumption habits.

In addition, through the conversion rate of the transaction, we can check the loss of the order, and then optimize the process funnel of payment under the order.

3) Close the bill

• Quantity of customs clearance;
• Number of people closing the bill;
• Amount of customs clearance;
• Automatic closing quantity;
• Manual closing quantity.

Order closing includes that the user cancels the order voluntarily or the system cancels the order for various reasons.

In addition to paying attention to quantity, we need to pay attention to the specific reasons for closing orders, such as the classification of the reasons why users cancel orders voluntarily, whether the price is too high or the quality is not good.

It is equivalent to a user survey, so as to iterate according to user feedback.

4) After sale

• Number of after-sales orders;
• Number of after-sales orders;
• Number of successful after-sales orders;
• Number of failed after-sales orders.

After-sale forms generally include refund, return and exchange. Observing the quantity of after-sales orders and the number of people can confirm the performance quality of orders. If the quantity of after-sales orders is too high, it indicates that there are problems in the quality and service of goods.

At the same time, we should also pay attention to the results of after-sales orders and judge whether we have provided good after-sales service for users.

E-commerce marketing is mostly completed through coupons and various promotional activities, including single product direct drop activities, full discount activities, and group activities. The basic measurement indicators of different activities are similar, but there are some gaps in the corresponding indicators because of the different settings of coupons.

1) coupons

• Circulation;
• Number of recipients;
• Number of coupons received;
• Collection rate = number of coupons received/circulation;
• Number of people using coupons;
• Number of coupons used;
• Coupon rate = number of coupons used/number of coupons received;
• Number of people placing orders with coupons;
• Number of orders placed with coupons;
• The amount of the order with the coupon;
• Number of people paid by coupons;
• Pay the single amount with coupons;
• The amount paid by coupons;
• Coupon investment amount = coupon payment amount * coupon denomination;
• Coupon ROI= coupon investment amount/coupon payment amount.

The coupon collection rate and coupon utilization rate can help operators find the funnel problem, whether users do not collect coupons or place orders without coupons after receiving them.

The ROI of coupons is the key to measure the value of coupon activities. The order amount brought by coupons can be confirmed by paying the amount with coupons, and then the total input cost can be obtained by multiplying the total number of coupons consumed by the coupon denomination, and finally the input-output ratio can be calculated.

2) Activities

• Number of people placing orders at the event;
• Number of active orders;
• Activity order amount;
• Number of people paying for activities;
• Activity payment bill quantity;
• Activity payment amount;
• Amount invested in the activity;
• Activity ROI= activity input amount/activity payment amount;
• Activity indicators are similar to coupons, mainly taking ROI as a measure of activity value.

The above indicators such as traffic, orders, commodities, marketing, etc. can be used not only for platform self-operation, but also for the operation measurement of platform-settled merchants.

If there is a platform with both self-operated and pop merchants like JD.COM, you only need to apply different indicators to different objects.

Data is a reliable basis for business improvement and iteration, a powerful basis for upgrading and transformation, and a reliable basis for strategic decision-making.

It represents the user’s behavior habits and ways, and it needs to be calculated, observed and analyzed to see the conclusion.

Data plays an irreplaceable role in e-commerce and is the guarantee for its continuous development.

Only by building a complete and clear data index system can we achieve business transformation through data promotion.

The core of e-commerce data indicators includes users, traffic, search, goods, orders and marketing.

Each company and business may be slightly different, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and finally build a data system that matches its own business.

　

Author: Ball, WeChat WeChat official account: product balls.

This article was originally published by @ yo-yo. Everyone is a product manager. It is forbidden to reprint without permission.

The title map comes from Unsplash and is based on CC0 protocol.

　　A few days ago, the teacher of the "Science Fiction Literature and Film Creation Series Lecture Class" of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences gave 22 students 0 points for plagiarizing their final articles, which sounded an alarm for the students. Because of the lack of self-accumulation, lack of relevant training and the neglect of undergraduate thesis, plagiarism of college students’ thesis is widespread on campus.

　　Last week, a survey of 2002 college students was conducted by the Social Investigation Center of China Youth Newspaper in conjunction with the questionnaire network. It showed that 76.4% of the respondents plagiarized course papers, and 67.3% of the respondents thought it was serious academic misconduct. 64.0% of the respondents believe that college students plagiarize papers because they lack knowledge accumulation and research ability. 88.0% of the respondents hope that the university will offer a thesis writing course, and 67.8% of the respondents think that the tutor should strictly check the feasibility and difficulty of the project.

　　Among the respondents, 13.4% were freshmen and sophomores, 61.8% were juniors and seniors, 9.1% were postgraduates and above, and 15.6% had graduated. Men account for 54.8% and women account for 45.2%.

　　64.0% of the respondents believe that college students plagiarize papers because they lack knowledge accumulation and research ability.

　　Zhang Jie (pseudonym), a senior majoring in international trade at Ningbo University, told reporters that many students around her copied and pasted their papers from various documents, and got them through reverse order. What’s more, they would directly find gunmen on Taobao to write them.

　　Lin Yuan (a pseudonym), a junior at the School of Journalism, Renmin University of China, feels that there are few cases of plagiarism around. "It is very difficult for our disciplines to write original papers at the undergraduate level. Many of them rely on consulting relevant literature and writing their own course papers. Writing ideas and references may draw lessons from other papers. However, I heard that some students are looking for someone to write papers on their behalf, and there are still cases of falsification of paper data in the Statistical Institute. "

　　In the survey, 76.4% of the respondents said that there was plagiarism of course papers around, 11.5% said that there was no plagiarism around, and 12.1% said that it was unclear. 67.3% of the respondents think that plagiarism is a serious academic misconduct, 23.2% think it’s no big deal, many students use other people’s opinions, and 9.5% say it’s hard to say.

　　"In the past, the courses were generally closed-book exams, which examined the ability of memory and recitation. They were relatively rigid, but they were also fair and objective. Written examination is rarely used in western countries, and many students are assessed by means of usual discussion, research speeches and course papers. Now many universities in China are gradually using this method, especially for graduate students. " Liu Haifeng, director of the Examination Research Center of Xiamen University, said that the latter’s assessment methods are flexible and diverse, allowing students to study independently, and combining study with research. However, there are difficulties in objective assessment, and plagiarism and writing for others may occur. "Now there is software to check duplication, plagiarism is easier to find out, but it is difficult to find out if someone else wrote it for you."

　　In the survey, 64.0% of the respondents think that college students plagiarize papers because of lack of knowledge accumulation and research ability, 56.6% think that time is not enough, 45.0% think that "thesis writing" is just a formal assignment, 40.0% think that relevant courses or papers are worthless, 23.4% think that they follow the trend, and 12.7% point out that some teachers have limited level.

　　Zhang Jie believes that it is ok to learn from other people’s papers, but it should not be copied without thinking. Moreover, the process of writing a thesis is very training, which can enhance a person’s logical thinking ability and ability to collect effective information.

　　Lin Yuan believes that the main reasons for plagiarism of college students’ papers are insufficient knowledge and heavy tasks. "Freshmen and sophomores have to attend 10 classes a week, each class is assigned a paper, and some classes have reading notes and the like. Coupled with the lack of undergraduate knowledge accumulation, plagiarism has become the most convenient way. "

　　Liu Haifeng believes that one reason why college students plagiarize papers is that they are not good enough to write well, and another reason is that they are too lazy to write and want to cope with it by opportunism. There are also students who want to get better grades, for scholarships, research and employment.

　　To put an end to plagiarism of college students’ papers, 67.8% of the respondents think that tutors should strictly check the feasibility and difficulty of the project and provide students with materials for reference, and 56.6% of the respondents suggest that schools adopt more ways to measure students’ learning level. Others include: carrying out necessary spot checks (49.5%), increasing the punishment for plagiarism (41.7%), strengthening the construction of study style, carrying out publicity and education on academic ethics (25.5%), and establishing a perfect academic evaluation mechanism (19.0%).

　　88.0% of the respondents think that universities should offer thesis writing courses.

　　According to the survey, there are other problems in college students’ papers: they have not been trained in writing norms (65.9%), it is difficult to form their own opinions (58.7%), the requirements of papers do not match the learning level (50.7%) and they are not taken seriously (27.0%). 88.0% of the respondents believe that universities should offer thesis writing courses.

　　Lin Yuan thinks that universities should offer thesis writing courses, but don’t measure them by grades. Now, the thesis writing class is just like other classes. At last, we have to make a report and write a thesis, which increases the burden on students.

　　"Now many universities have thesis writing courses, especially at the postgraduate level. It is also very important to go out for employment, which is a basic skill. " Liu Haifeng pointed out that academic papers are different from prose and lyrical styles, and emphasize logic, theory and academic norms. "Thesis writing course should include three aspects: content and thought, formal skills and academic norms. The most basic thing is the framework structure, viewpoints and arguments, the expression of academic language, and the format specifications such as quotations, notes and references. The most important thing in writing a thesis is to have something to say and have your own thinking and research. It is necessary to emphasize respect for intellectual property rights to students and not to have the idea of plagiarism. " According to the survey, the respondents think that the content of the thesis writing course should involve the structure and format of the thesis (64.0%), how to find and read reference materials (61.4%), how to make a literature review (52.7%), and others: how to form an argument (44.3%), the basic principles of writing a thesis (38.0%) and what journal to publish in (12.8%).

　　Lin Yuan hopes that teachers in all subjects can give feedback to students’ papers and tell them where there are shortcomings and how to improve them. "There is also the need to pay attention to training critical thinking in class. I took a journalism theory class before, and the teacher assigned a lot of books, so that we could write a book report in each class. The whole class benefited a lot after one semester. "

　　To improve the level of college students’ thesis writing, 71.1% of the respondents suggested that the school set up relevant courses or lectures to systematically teach thesis writing, 62.0% suggested that college students read extensively to broaden their knowledge, 57.2% suggested that the school arrange holiday homework to let students exercise their ability to write papers, and 32.8% suggested that teachers give guidance and feedback while arranging thesis homework in class.

　　Zhang Jie suggested that college students should strengthen the training of logical thinking when completing their daily homework, and the school should offer relevant courses, and at the same time establish a reporting platform to supervise each other among students. "Before assigning the paper homework, the teacher can explain and analyze the ideas of writing the paper. In addition, it is necessary to punish the media that provide convenience for plagiarism. "

　　To prevent plagiarism of college students’ papers, Lin Yuan felt that there should be corresponding punishment, such as failing the exam. In addition, it is necessary to reduce the burden on students and pay attention to the quality rather than quantity of papers. "Teachers should be persuasive in class and teach students how to form their own ideas. Once they have ideas, they can write papers easily.".

　　"We hope that students’ learning should be personalized, and the unified examination is really rigid, unless it is a course that needs to be measured, such as a foreign language, so there will be more and more forms of assessment for college course papers. It is flexible and diverse to evaluate the learning situation with course papers. The key is how to control the quality of the paper. " Liu Haifeng believes that to ensure the quality of course papers, teachers should be highly responsible and strict with students. Students can be told in advance, and whether there is plagiarism can be seen through duplicate checking.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online Reporter Wang Pinzhi Intern Gu Lingwen

Recently, Xi ‘an is vigorously promoting the transformation of household appearance. The renovation of household surface in Xi ‘an began as early as 2013, but the progress was slow, and rapid progress was made in the past two years. Up to now, there are 8,235 power supply communities in Xi ‘an, 7,358 of which have been signed and handed over, accounting for 89%, and 5,425 of which have been renovated, accounting for 66%. According to the plan, the transformation task of urban residents’ electricity meters will be fully completed before November 15 this year.

According to a survey conducted by the reporter of Huashang Daily, although it is stipulated that the property should be publicized regularly after collecting the public electricity fee, the reality is that there is little publicity, the publicity content is opaque and there is a lack of supervision.

> > Owner’s response

Each household shares the electricity fee of 285 yuan per year.

The owner questioned the authenticity

Recently, the Zhonghai Guanyuan Community in Qujiang New District is undergoing renovation of the household table, and the owners have questioned the standard of shared electricity charges for property publicity.

Ms. Zhang, the owner of Zone B of Zhonghai Guanyuan, said that she lived in the community in 2011. There were 1,548 households in the community. Before the renovation of the household table, they all bought electricity in the property, 0.6 yuan/kW h. "The neighborhood next to it is only 0.498 yuan/kW h." Ms. Zhang said that the electricity fee in the community has always been more expensive than that in other communities, and the property said that it includes sharing and loss.

After the renovation, the owner doesn’t have to go to the property to buy electricity. I thought I could enjoy the electricity price of 0.498 yuan/kW h like other residential areas. I didn’t expect that the property posted a public notice saying that the shared electricity fee in the residential area was 36,877 yuan/month (the annual shared electricity fee was about 450,000 yuan), and each household shared 0.202 yuan /m/ month according to the area, so that the average household needed to pay the shared electricity fee of 285 yuan per year.

The reporter from Huashang Daily saw the calculation table of the shared electricity fee for the project named (Guanyuan Area B) at the entrance of the community, which listed the unit corridor lights, park street lights, landscape lights, water pumps, civil air defense sewage pumps, access control systems, fans, fire pumps, line loss power, daily cumulative electricity consumption time, daily energy consumption, etc. Based on this, it was calculated that the monthly energy consumption of public facilities and the shared electricity fee per unit area were 0.202 yuan.

Some owners don’t quite agree with this announcement. Taking the electricity consumption of the unit access control system in the announcement as an example, the daily energy consumption time of the announcement is 24 hours, but the unit access control is almost empty at night, and it is in a rest state. The owners think that the energy consumption in use and rest state is different and should not be generalized. The owner thinks that this publicity method is not objective, and it should be clear which shared facilities should be shared by the owner, and the shared electricity should be obtained directly from the power supply bureau. The shared electricity should be: the total electricity of the community-the electricity purchased by the users-the electricity used in the profit-making area (the profit-making area needs to set up another electricity meter), and the shared electricity should be shared by the owner according to the area.

Price department: the shared electricity fee does not need to be reported, but can be publicized.

Owners can only coordinate if they don’t recognize it.

The property staff of Zhonghai Guanyuan said that the collection of the pool electricity fee was carried out in accordance with the Implementation Measures for the Management of Property Service Charges in Shaanxi Province and the Implementation Plan for the Renovation of One Household and One Meter in Xi ‘an Residential Quarter, which was issued by the Xi ‘an Municipal Government in 2013-47. They checked the calculation standard of the pool electricity fee with the price department, calculated it according to the standard and publicized it. Article 9 of DocumentNo. 2013-47 of Xi ‘an Municipal Government stipulates that the public electricity consumption of residential quarters includes two parts: the inside and outside of residential buildings, in which the inside part includes electricity consumption for public corridors, staircase lighting, access control, emergency indicator lights, etc. The outside part of the building includes: courtyard street lighting, landscape lighting and other electricity consumption. They are calculated according to this standard, and the calculated pool electricity price is more reasonable for the community. Moreover, this price has also been reported to the price department of Yanta District for filing.

In this regard, the reporter of Huashang Daily consulted the price department of Yanta District as the owner. The relevant staff said that in terms of property charges, property fees and parking fees are subject to government-guided prices, health fees are subject to government pricing, and other charges, including pool electricity fees, are subject to market adjustment prices and do not need to be reported, so the report said by the property is not true. The shared electricity fee is priced after property accounting, and the charging behavior must be publicized. As for how to calculate it, there is no relevant regulation. Recently, there are many complaints about shared electricity charges, and the charge of 0.202 yuan /m/ month is not high. If the owners don’t agree with this, the industry committee can come forward to negotiate, and the price department can only play a coordinating role.

On May 20th, the owner of the residential area said that the residential area has completed the transformation of electricity meters and can purchase electricity directly online. At present, it has not started to collect the pool electricity fee, and it is expected to start collecting it in June.

> > reporter survey

At present, there are various charging standards for shared electricity fees in residential areas.

How about the collection of shared electricity charges in various residential areas in Xi ‘an? The reporter of Huashang Daily conducted an investigation on this.

Mr. Liu, who lives in Xianning Bay Community in the east of the city, said that the shared electricity fee in the community is 30 yuan per household every month, and the electricity facilities and electricity consumption were not publicized.

Mr. Liang, who lives in the Jinshang Community of Fengcheng No.1 Road, said that the shared electricity fee in the community is charged according to the housing area, and the price is 0.18 yuan/square meter/month. The property has not publicized the electricity facilities and electricity consumption.

Ms. Chen, the owner who lives in Jindi Xiangyue Tianxia Community in South Third Ring Road, said that the community belongs to a newly-built community, and has been collecting public utilities at a price of 0.25 yuan /m/ month since she moved in, and has not publicized the electricity facilities and electricity consumption.

According to the reporter’s investigation, most of the residential areas that haven’t been renovated need to go to the property to purchase electricity, and the charging standard is mostly 0.6 yuan/kW h, which includes shared electricity charges, such as Dingxin Garden and Shirong Jiacheng in the north, Jianyuan Jiayuan and Xikan Residential Area in the south.

There are also some enterprises and institutions’ family homes that don’t charge pooled electricity fees. For example, Dongyuan Community of Xihang Company in the north of the city has just undergone the renovation of household meters. The owner, Ms. Wang, said that no pooled electricity fees were charged before or after the renovation, and the electricity fee has always been 0.49 yuan/kW h.

Ms. Cheng, the owner of Shirong Jiacheng Community, said that she had paid little attention to the water and electricity charges at home before, and learned that the electricity price of residents was 0.498 yuan/kW h, and the electricity price charged by the property including pool was 0.6 yuan/kW h. Ms. Cheng believed that the pool electricity used by the community every month was obviously fixed, so it could be shared directly with the owners, and should not be charged by raising the electricity price, so the property would obviously earn the difference. "Doesn’t this mean that the more household electricity I use, the more electricity I have to pay, and pool electricity has become a tool for property to make money."

Ms. Chen, the owner of Jindi Xiangyue Tianxia Community, believes that since the policy requires the property to publicize the public electricity consumption of the community, it is natural for the property to be collected according to the facts, and the property pricing should also be apportioned according to the actual amount. The authenticity of the electricity consumption announced by the property is very important. In fact, it is only necessary to measure the public electricity facilities separately. This is the simplest and most transparent way. If the property is not announced, the pool electricity fee will become a "confused account".

Power supply company: after the transformation of household meters, public electricity will be installed with separate meters.

Why is there a problem of different standards for shared electricity charges, and whether it is possible to realize a separate meter for public electricity consumption? In order to find out the collection of public electricity charges, the reporter from Huashang Daily interviewed the relevant staff of State Grid Xi ‘an Power Supply Company.

Wang Yang, the marketing specialist of State Grid Xi ‘an Power Supply Company, introduced that before the transformation of household meters, the power supply department installed a master meter in the residential area, while the property installed many sub-meters, including residential parts and public electricity consumption parts. The electricity fee is charged according to the total electricity meter of the community and the government’s catalogue electricity price, which is 0.4983 yuan/kW h for residents and 0.5109 yuan/kW h for public electricity. The property is charged to the owner according to the electricity quantity and price of the sub-meter, and the property collects the electricity fee, and the power supply department does not pay the handling fee for it. Due to the existence of pooled electricity charges, most properties are directly charged in the electricity price, including 0.6 yuan/kW h and 0.7 yuan/kW h, and the standards have not been uniform.

"This is also the reason for the transformation of the household table. The purpose is to skip the price increase of the property, read the meter to the household and charge the household." Wang Yang said that because the public electricity facilities in the residential area belong to all owners, the power supply department was only responsible for the power supply facilities outside the residential area before the household meter reform, and the power supply facilities in the residential area should be handed over to the power supply department first. In addition to replacing the electricity meter for the owner’s home, the power supply department also installed independent electricity meters for the public electricity facilities in the community. All public facilities such as elevators, public lighting, water pumps, heating, garages and so on are public electricity.

After the transformation of household meters, the electricity charge collected by the power supply department is divided into two parts. One is to sign an agreement with all residents to establish a contractual relationship and realize the charging to households. Then there is the public electricity consumption part. The power supply department lists households for public facilities, and the head of the household is generally a residential property. The power supply department and the property establish a contractual relationship and charge monthly according to the meter measurement. When charging, the power supply department will list the electricity consumption details for the property, pay the fee after the property is determined, and then the power department will issue an invoice for it.

At present, in all residential areas that have completed the renovation of household meters, public electricity facilities have been separately metered by hanging meters and charged with shared electricity fees.

Government documents: it is stipulated that the property should publicize the copy of the payment voucher of the pool electricity fee.

During the visit, the reporter from Huashang Daily found that the charging standard of residents’ living electricity fee in the public notice board of Xi ‘an property service and price collection and payment in the property office of Zhonghai Guanyuan Community is 0.6 yuan per kilowatt hour, including electricity price+loss sharing, and the charging basis is Shaanxi Price Management [2002] No.120 and Shaanxi Price Development [2011] No.169. The reporter found in the official website of the Provincial Price Bureau that a notice entitled "Shaanxi Provincial Price Bureau on Dredging the Contradictions of Electricity Prices in Our Province" (Shaanxi Price Shangfa [2016] No.57) stipulated that the "one household, one meter" residential users in our province directly copied by power supply enterprises implement the residential ladder electricity price, while the residential community users who have not implemented "one household, one meter" do not implement the residential ladder electricity price, and the residential community combined electricity price implements the catalogue electricity price in our province, which is shared within the community. The notice will be implemented as of June 1, 2016. "Notice of Shaanxi Provincial Price Bureau on further clarifying the issues related to the implementation of the same electricity price for urban and rural residents in Shaanxi Power Grid" (Shaanxi Price Management [2002] No.120) shall be abolished at the same time.

The Notice of Shaanxi Provincial Price Bureau on Clearing and Regulating the Charges of Power Grid and Switching Power Supply Link (Shaanxi Price Shangfa [2018] No.71) requires that for all end users with complete sub-meter devices and normal operation after switching power supply main meter, it is encouraged to implement shared facilities electricity consumption and loss electricity consumption through negotiation between switching power supply main body and end users, and solve them through rent, property fee and service fee. If the current difficulties are solved through the above-mentioned methods, the transfer power supply entity can temporarily share the electricity consumption of shared facilities and loss electricity according to the proportion of each meter electricity consumption of end users to the total meter electricity consumption (the upper limit is the difference between the total meter electricity consumption paid by the transfer power supply entity to the power grid enterprise and the sub-meter electricity consumption charged to all end users, excluding labor costs, repair costs, asset depreciation and other expenses other than the total meter electricity consumption), and the cost sharing standard should be listed separately and charged separately outside the prescribed electricity price. According to the implementation cycle of no more than one year at the longest, the main body of power transfer will publicize to all users a copy of the electricity fee voucher it paid to the power grid enterprise and the list of shared facilities electricity consumption and loss electricity consumption of all end users in the same period. If the sub-meter device behind the master meter is incomplete, the main body of the transfer power supply will negotiate with the end users to determine the specific electricity fee allocation method, and the results will be announced to all end users.

Housing management department: only responsible for supervising the quality of property services.

Price department: Shared electricity charges are not subject to government pricing.

It is understood that the Xi ‘an Municipal Government’s "Implementation Plan for the Renovation of One Household and One Meter in Xi ‘an Residential Quarter" issued in 2013 stipulates that after the renovation of the household meter, the power consumption of the public electricity in the residential quarter shall be shared by all the owners of the community according to the principle of "who benefits and who bears". Power supply enterprises should install independent meters to measure public electricity consumption in residential quarters, and can entrust property management service enterprises or self-management units in residential quarters to collect electricity charges and pay them to power supply enterprises according to the facts. Power supply enterprises shall pay a certain handling fee as appropriate, and the specific standards shall be agreed upon by both parties through consultation. Property management service enterprises should separately account for public electricity consumption, and regularly announce the collection and allocation to all owners.

Article 21 of the Implementation Measures for the Management of Property Service Charges in Shaanxi Province also stipulates that in the property management area, water supply, power supply, gas supply, heating, communication, cable TV and other units shall charge relevant fees to end users in accordance with state regulations. If the realty service enterprise accepts the entrustment to collect the above fees, it may charge the entrusting party a handling fee, and the specific standards shall be agreed upon by both parties through consultation. No additional fees such as handling fees shall be passed on to the owner. Public lighting, landscape facilities and other common water and electricity costs, property services companies should be measured separately, in strict accordance with the water and electricity price policy truthfully shared and published regularly.

Mr. He, the owner, said that since the power supply department has separately hung a watch for the public electricity facilities in the community, and the charges are detailed and bills, it is not difficult for the property to truthfully publicize the public electricity charges, but in fact, there are not many communities that have been publicized, even if the publicity is not based on the measurement of electricity meters, which makes people doubt whether there is any interest problem. If the property earns the price difference from it, is it arbitrary charges? Who will supervise it?

It is understood that the renovation of the household surface in Xi’ an was led by the Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau. Huashang Daily interviewed the relevant person in charge of the property management office of the bureau on this matter. The relevant person in charge of the property management office of the bureau said that the housing management department is only responsible for supervising the service quality of the property, and the charging problem should be supervised and managed by the price department.

Regarding the collection of pooled electricity charges, the person in charge said that the Regulations on Property Management promulgated by the State Council clearly stipulated that water supply, power supply, gas supply, heating, communication, cable TV and other units in the property management area should collect relevant fees from end users. The realty service enterprise shall not charge additional fees such as handling fees to the owners if it accepts the entrusted collection fees. As a matter of fact, most of the utilities in Xi ‘an were collected by property companies before the renovation of household meters, but only the property and power supply departments know how much the property has collected from the owners and actually paid to the power supply bureau. It is clearly stipulated in the renovation plan of household table that publicity is required. Since publicity is required, the price department should supervise the publicity content.

Article 25 of the Implementation Measures for the Management of Property Service Charges in Shaanxi Province stipulates that the price departments of local governments shall, jointly with the construction administrative departments at the same level, strengthen the supervision and inspection of the charging items, charging standards, service contents and service standards of property service enterprises. Property services companies that violate the laws, regulations and provisions on price shall be punished by the competent price department of the government in accordance with the Price Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Provisions on Administrative Penalties for Price Violations.

Regarding the problems raised by the owners, such as non-standard, little publicity and opaque publicity, the relevant person in charge of the price department in Xi ‘an said that the pooled electricity fee is not set by the government. According to the relevant documents of the Provincial Price Bureau and the Notice of the General Office of Xi ‘an Municipal People’s Government on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Plan for the Renovation of One Meter in Xi ‘an Residential Quarter, after the renovation of the household meter, the electricity consumption of the public electricity in the residential quarter will be paid by all the owners of the residential quarter according to the principle of "who benefits and who bears". Property management service enterprises should separately account for public electricity consumption, and regularly announce the collection and allocation to all owners. If the owners have doubts about the publicity content of the property, they can organize industry committees to defend their rights.

> > expert opinion

Information transparency can resolve doubts.

Cao Rong, dean of the School of Public Administration of Northwest University, said that implementation in accordance with laws and regulations is the basis for establishing and improving a society ruled by law.

In response to this matter, Cao Rong believes that because the policy only stipulates the payment and apportionment of the public electricity fee, the content of the publicity is not particularly specific, and the parties have different understandings from their own perspectives, which leads to the owners’ disapproval of the content of the property publicity, which leads to conflicts and contradictions. This requires the relevant departments to make a more detailed regulation, which will be easier to implement and easier for owners to understand and accept. In the process of social governance, it is necessary to constantly improve and optimize relevant systems.

The price department said that the pool electricity fee does not belong to government pricing, and the market-regulated price needs to be resolved through consultation. Cao Rong believes that in the negotiation process, the transparency of information is very important. In this case, the less the property is made public, the stronger the owner’s doubts. Transparent and open information transmission is an important means to resolve the owner’s doubts. Written by Huashang Daily reporter Zhao Ruili

(The original title of this article: "Do not drop but increase! After the renovation of the household meter, the charges were questioned by the owners: Can Xi ‘an pool electricity charges be made public? 》）

Every reporter Song Kejia, Li Shaoting, every intern editor Yang Xia　　　　

There is a kind of "green", which is the green that listed companies yearn for.

There is also a kind of "green", which is deliberately made by enterprises.

When enterprises begin to practice the concept of protecting green water and green mountains, and gradually implement the "double-carbon goal", the market is pursuing ESG concept enthusiastically, and green and low-carbon are gradually becoming new challenges and new yardsticks for enterprise development, so environmental risks can not be underestimated.

On April 22nd — — On the occasion of Earth Day, national business daily specially launched the environmental risk list of A-share listed companies in 2021, deeply analyzing the environmental risks of A-share companies last year. Through continuous data mining and accumulation, the reporter found that many A-share listed companies as industry leaders are not so "green" in environmental performance.

According to the data of A-share green report project, in 2021, among more than 4,000 A-share listed companies, 730 listed companies exposed their own or their subsidiaries’ environmental risks, resulting in more than 2,700 environmental supervision records, including over 2,300 environmental protection fines, and the total amount of fines and confiscations was about 304 million yuan.

Since February, 2021, national business daily, together with Environmental NGO Public Environment Research Center (Blue Map), has screened and monitored the environmental performance of listed companies and their subsidiaries (including branches, shareholding companies and holding companies) based on authoritative environmental monitoring data, and made a scientific evaluation model analysis, and launched the first environmental risk list of A-share listed companies in China with full coverage of A-shares, multi-dimensional data and strict information verification, which is still continuously updated.

"We try to quantify the complicated and professional environmental risk data into easy-to-understand figures and rankings through this intuitive list. We expect more ordinary investors and the public to penetrate the information fog and see the stains and highlights of the green and low-carbon development of A-share listed companies. We also expect more and more enterprises, especially listed companies as public companies, to practice green and low carbon and fulfill their environmental trust responsibilities from the little efforts of environmental risks. " Yue Qi, the initiator of A-share green report project and editor-in-chief of national business daily Company Channel, said.

Environmental risk list of A-share listed companies TOP50• 2021 • Geographical distribution of industries

From environmental fines to environmental crimes, looking back at 2021, the intensity of punishing environmental violations has not diminished. According to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, from January to December in 2021, a total of 132,800 environmental administrative punishment decisions were issued nationwide, with a total amount of fines and confiscations of 11.687 billion yuan. Compared with 2020 — — The national ecological environment system issued 126,100 environmental administrative punishment decisions, with a total fine of 8.236 billion yuan, and the data increased significantly.

How many A-share listed companies are involved in hundreds of thousands of environmental protection tickets? Which companies are deliberately "greenwashing"? Which companies have unsatisfactory ecological environment protection?

The statistics of A-share green report project, which includes various environmental supervision records of A-share listed companies and their shareholding, holding and branches, show that in 2021, among more than 4,000 A-share listed companies, 730 listed companies exposed their own or their shareholding and branches to environmental risks, resulting in more than 2,700 environmental supervision records, including more than 2,300 environmental fines, with a total amount of fines of about 304 million yuan.

These companies show different levels of environmental risks. Among them, the cumulative environmental risk value of listed company China Construction (Note 1) exceeds 3,000 points, ranking first in the A-share environmental risk list in 2021, while the annual environmental risk value of listed company Xianyu Pharmaceutical is 0.03, ranking at the bottom of the list — — 730th place.

Corresponding to the environmental risk value exceeding 3,000 points, various companies under China Construction have received hundreds of environmental protection tickets in the past year.

According to the data disclosed by China Construction, in 2021, there were 206 construction projects in which subsidiaries of China Construction were subject to administrative penalties for environmental problems such as construction noise, dust, sewage and solid waste, involving a total fine of about 7.765 million yuan.

The A-share Green Report Project shows that most of the environmental protection fines received by subsidiaries of China Construction are related to noise and dust pollution, and there are many cases of repeated fines. In the short term, the environmental risks of buildings in China have not decreased significantly. From January to March this year, China Construction itself and its subsidiaries have accumulated more than ten ecological environment-related penalties again.

Xianju Pharmaceutical, the listed company with the lowest environmental risk value on the list, was listed on the environmental risk list of A shares in 2021 because the online monitoring data of the participating companies showed that it exceeded the standard, so the environmental risk value was only 0.03.

Between the environmental risk values that differ by more than 3000 points between the top and bottom of the list, the environmental risk levels exposed by the remaining 728 listed companies also show different trends. More than half of the listed companies have a cumulative environmental risk value of less than 37.49 a year, but the environmental risk value of the top ten listed companies on the list has increased rapidly, which has opened a gap with other listed companies. It is worth noting that among the top ten listed companies, except Zhengbang Technology, the market value of other listed companies is above 60 billion yuan (note the closing price data on April 18).

On the whole, there are 357 listed companies with a market value of 10 billion yuan or less, but the average cumulative environmental risk value is the lowest; On the other hand, there are 59 listed companies with a market value of more than 100 billion yuan, but the average cumulative environmental risk value is the highest.

From the perspective of industry distribution, in 2021, the average cumulative environmental risk value of listed enterprises in coal, building decoration, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, steel and real estate industries was higher.

In terms of plate distribution, among the listed companies exposed to environmental risks in 2021, 641 are listed on the main board, 77 are listed on the Growth Enterprise Market, and the remaining 11 are listed in science and technology innovation board and 1 is listed on the North Stock Exchange.

It is worth noting that with the reform of environmental trust system, listed companies with "previous record" of environmental problems are facing new requirements for corporate environmental information disclosure compliance. The relevant provisions of the Administrative Measures for the Legal Disclosure of Enterprise Environmental Information (hereinafter referred to as "Administrative Measures"), which came into effect on February 8 this year, show that some listed companies and bond-issuing enterprises are included in the scope of disclosure, and these enterprises are mainly the subjects who were investigated for corresponding legal responsibilities for ecological environmental violations in 2021.

2021 A-share environmental risk list ·TOP50

"Receiving complaints from the masses, central environmental supervision, and being arrested by the Minister of Ecology and Environment … …” For "fake green" and "not green" companies, with the tightening of environmental supervision policies, environmental risks are everywhere.

It is also difficult for listed companies with large scale and high compliance requirements to avoid environmental risks. Among all kinds of environmental protection issues, which should listed companies pay attention to? In this regard, the A-share green report project classifies different environmental violations into several categories: water, atmosphere, solid waste, heavy metals, noise, nuclear and radiation, energy conservation and emission reduction, others, ecology (forest and grass) and so on. The environmental risk data of A-shares in 2021 shows that listed companies often have air-related problems.

Due to atmospheric problems alone, in 2021, listed companies and their subsidiaries received over 900 punishments and reforms. Along with it, there are not only fines, but also penalties such as warnings, seizure and seizure, and implementation of production suspension and rectification.

In 2021, the listed company with the largest amount of penalties in the atmosphere was Hegang.

An unannounced visit by the Minister of Ecology and Environment to check the implementation of emergency response to heavy polluted weather exposed all kinds of environmental violations of Tangshan steel enterprises in March last year to the sun.

Among them, Tangshan Medium Plate Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Medium Plate Company") controlled by Hegang Co., Ltd. was found to have failed to implement Class II emergency response to heavy polluted weather and air pollution control requirements in autumn and winter, discharged air pollutants by evading supervision, and the online monitoring data exceeded the air pollutant discharge standard, thus accumulating several environmental protection fines of 1 million yuan.

According to the semi-annual report of Hegang in 2021, in the first half of last year alone, the plate company received 36 environmental penalties, with a total fine of 19.75 million yuan.

In addition to the fine, at the beginning of this year, a special centralized verdict was presented to the public. Forty-seven defendants from four companies, including Tangshan Medium Plate Co., Ltd., were sentenced and fined on January 27, 2022 for committing environmental pollution.

The strictest "Environmental Protection Law" in history "Teeth" appeared. In fact, from the compliance risk of environmental trust to the criminal risk of environmental protection, listed companies should pay attention to them.

In 2021, listed companies related to atmospheric punishment were not only concentrated in the steel industry, but also listed companies in the coal, building decoration and real estate industries received more atmospheric environmental protection tickets and were ordered to make corrections. In addition, listed banks have accumulated a lot of air tickets due to investment project factors.

In addition to atmospheric problems, water-related environmental problems have brought many large fines of several million yuan to some listed companies. Many of these fines come from continuous daily punishment.

Guozhong Water is the listed company that is most familiar with such punishment in 2021. In the past two years, this environmental protection enterprise has received more than one ticket for continuous daily punishment, all of which are related to water problems. Among them, the biggest fine was as high as 9 million yuan, which came from Guozhong (Qinhuangdao) Sewage Treatment Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Guozhong Water. This sewage treatment company was fined for refusing to correct the excessive discharge of water pollution.

It is not uncommon for sewage treatment plants to be fined for exceeding the standard, but outside sewage treatment plants, listed companies involved in water pollution mainly focus on building decoration and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industries. Among them, most listed companies in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industries have exceeded the standard because of their enterprises’ aquaculture wastewater. Listed companies in the architectural decoration industry are mostly due to water pollution in engineering projects.

Noise is a "stubborn disease" that some subsidiaries of listed companies are difficult to correct. A large number of noise fines and corrections are mostly concentrated in the architectural decoration and real estate industries, and the representative companies are China Construction and Greenland Holdings — — In 2021, both industry giants experienced excessive noise during the construction of many subordinate enterprises. Although the amount of noise fines is relatively small, the average penalty amount is about 15 thousand yuan. But at the end of last year,People’s Republic of China (PRC)Noise pollution prevention and control law》(hereinafter referred to as the "new noise law") passed and will be implemented on June 5 this year. The new noise law divides and controls all kinds of noise pollution, and increases the punishment. Among them, the places, facilities, equipment, tools and articles that emit noise can be sealed up and detained by the competent department of ecological environment or other departments responsible for the supervision and management of noise pollution prevention and control if they are ordered to correct the serious pollution caused by noise emission and refuse to correct it.

In addition, in the category of "other" environmental problems listed in the A-share green report project, illegal acts related to environmental impact assessment, such as building without approval and investing before inspection, are mainly involved, and these environmental impact assessment problems are concentrated in the subordinate enterprises of listed companies in building decoration, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and petroleum and petrochemical industries.

In addition to the four categories of environmental violations mentioned above, such as atmosphere, water, noise and environmental impact assessment, listed companies and their subsidiaries often trigger many different types of environmental problems at the same time, which brings many environmental risks to enterprises.

The concept of green and low-carbon development goes deep into all walks of life, and it is very important for outstanding representatives in the economic field — — For listed companies, even those in high-pollution and high-carbon emission industries, there are many slogans calling for green transformation and low-carbon development. But what is the actual situation? In which industries are listed companies still facing the challenge of "not being green enough"?

board2021yearAIndustry distribution of listed companies in the environmental risk list (only industries with accumulated environmental risk value greater than 1000 are listed)

　

According to Shenwan’s industry classification, 730 enterprises listed on the environmental risk list are distributed in 31 industries. Over the past year, the industry with the highest cumulative environmental risk value has unexpectedly fallen behind the architectural decoration industry, with 47 listed companies in the industry on the list, accounting for 30.32% of the number of A-share architectural decoration companies. However, although the cumulative environmental risk value of the industry as a whole is the highest, the rankings of the 47 listed companies are quite different, and five of them rank in the top ten of the A-share environmental risk list in 2021, namely China Construction (ranked first), China Railway Construction, China Railway Construction, China MCC and China Power Construction.

In terms of the number of listed companies, the basic chemical industry is "riding the dust", with 73 — — The proportion of 10% has become the "hardest hit" in industries that expose environmental risks.

On the other hand, the basic chemical industry has a wide range and a large number of listed companies. According to the classification of Shenwan industry, there are 367 listed companies in this industry in A shares. In 2021, the listed companies in the basic chemical industry only accounted for 19.89% of the A-share companies in this industry.

In contrast, in the coal industry, only 22 companies are on the list, but this figure has included nearly 60% of coal enterprises in A shares. In addition, the cumulative environmental risk value of these 22 listed coal companies in one year has exceeded the cumulative figure of 73 listed companies in basic chemical industry.

The image that coal is not "green" has long been deeply rooted in people’s hearts. As the leading enterprises in the industry, the 22 coal enterprises on the list have not been able to play a better leading role in the process of changing coal from "black" to "green". In 2021, these 22 listed coal companies produced more than 160 environmental protection fines, involving air, water, solid waste and other environmental violations, and the accumulated fines exceeded 37 million yuan. Among them, the listed company ranked first in the coal industry is China Coal Energy. In 2021, the cumulative environmental risk value of this enterprise reached 1455.06 points. According to the 2021 annual report of China Coal Energy, last year, the key pollutant discharge units of the company were punished by the environmental protection administrative department of the ecological environment for 15 times, with a total penalty of 3.675 million yuan, including 9 times with a single penalty of 100,000 yuan or more, totaling 3.216 million yuan.

Similar to the high environmental risk of coal industry is its downstream power industry. Based on Shenwan’s secondary industry classification of 2021, 730 companies are distributed in 115 sub-industries, among which 5.2% are concentrated in the power industry, ranking first in all sub-industries, and the listed companies in the power industry account for 40% of the total, that is to say, 4 out of 10 listed companies in the power industry have had environmental problems in 2021.

Behind the environmental risk exposure of coal and electric power, with the energy transformation in China under the goal of double carbon, there is a contradiction between the rising energy demand and environmental constraints in the process of promoting the low-carbon energy transformation based on coal as the main energy.

However, there are many sub-sectors with a higher proportion than listed companies in the power industry, among which there are eight industries with more than half of the industries on the list.

List rules: the scientific model is dynamically released, and the A-share environmental risk list is continuously updated.

It should be noted that, as a professional financial media deeply involved in the field of listed companies for a long time, national business daily is committed to promoting the healthy development of the capital market and listed companies. Since September, 2020, national business daily has launched "A-share Green Weekly" jointly with the Public Environment Research Center of environmental NGOs (Blue Map).

On the basis of the data checked and collected in each issue of "A-share Green Weekly", we screened out the data such as environmental administrative punishment when the regulatory record was released in 2021, and the automatic monitoring of pollution sources in 2021 showed that it exceeded the standard. This means that the list covers thousands of A-share listed companies in China, and includes the environmental risks of tens of thousands of companies associated with A-share listed companies (including listed companies’ branches, holding subsidiaries and shareholding companies).

Because the list data comes from authoritative data such as environmental quality, environmental emissions and pollution source supervision records released by 31 provinces and municipalities and 337 prefecture-level cities, facing huge data sources and diverse data information, data collection inevitably has a certain lag. Therefore, the environmental risk list of A-share listed companies published on a regular basis adopts the method of continuously accumulating data, and this ranking only represents the environmental risk ranking of listed companies based on the published environmental risk information collected so far.

The list continuously accumulates new data and dynamically updates the environmental risk ranking of listed companies, aiming at helping listed companies and investors to understand the overall environmental risk status of the company more clearly through such a dynamic list with rigorous fact checking and scientific evaluation model, and providing reference for listed companies to dynamically track the effectiveness of environmental investment and improve the level of green development.

In order to more reasonably reflect the environmental risk with listed companies as the main body of evaluation, the project team accurately verified and classified the equity relationship and equity types between listed companies and affiliated companies. According to the different types of rights and interests of listed companies to their subsidiaries, the list gives different conversion coefficients to calculate the impact of environmental risks of affiliated enterprises of listed companies on listed companies.

The list is based on the dynamic environmental credit evaluation system developed by the Public Environmental Research Center, and the data after further verification are assigned environmental risks; At the same time, according to the feedback, disclosure and disposal of environmental risk events by listed companies, listed companies and their subsidiaries can give timely feedback on environmental risk issues or continuously disclose environmental information, so as to repair environmental risks. The project team hopes to encourage listed companies to enhance information transparency and strengthen environmental risk disposal.

Note 1: See "List Rules" for the calculation method of environmental risk value.

Please click on the link or scan the QR code to view the detailed data query and visual interactive topic of A-share environmental risk list.

　　As a music playing platform owned by Tik Tok, soda music is not only a place where you can dig up all kinds of popular songs at any time, but also a music square to meet all your listening needs! Do you know how to make the song list public for soda music? Let’s take a look at the detailed tutorial below.

　　1. Click on mine in the lower right corner.

　　2. Select the song list to be made public.

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　　4. Click Set as Public.

　　5. Click on the public song list.

　　That’s all about the introduction of the public setting method of soda music song list. Collect IT Encyclopedia and download more software and games!

　　According to the data released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on June 7, local time, as of June 7, local time, only 13 states in the United States had reached the goal set by Biden’s government, that is, 70% of American adults were vaccinated with at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before July 4. Data show that at present, more than 171 million Americans (accounting for 51.6% of the total population of the United States) have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine, and nearly 140 million Americans (accounting for 42.1% of the total population of the United States) have completed two doses of vaccination.

　　Nearly half of the people aged 12 and above who meet the vaccination conditions have been vaccinated. However, the current vaccination rate has started to slow down. In the past week, an average of about 560,000 people in the United States were vaccinated every day, and the highest number of people vaccinated in a single day reached about 4.3 million on April 1. In the report, CNN pointed out that under such circumstances, it may be difficult for the United States to complete the Biden administration’s vaccination target on July 4. (CCTV reporter Xu Wei)

Seafood products are sold in the "Yongxing Self-help" supermarket in Yongxing Island, Sansha. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Sansha, Nanhai Net, February 6 (Reporter Gao Peng, Nanhai Net) On February 6, the "Yongxing Self-help" supermarket on Yongxing Island in Sansha City opened, attracting people to buy fresh vegetables, meat, fruits, dried seafood, whole grains and other dozens of commodities.

Nanhai Net reporter saw in the supermarket that besides fresh melons and vegetables, there are 14 kinds of vegetables grown on Yongxing Island, which are cheap. In Haikou market, the price is 6-8 yuan/kg Shanghai Green, and the price here is 3.8 yuan/kg. "Some vegetables sold in supermarkets are shipped from Hainan Island, and some are planted on Yongxing Island." Fu Zhihui, deputy director of Yongxing Affairs Bureau, said that pork and chicken were transported to Yongxing Island for breeding, and then slaughtered according to demand after being raised. Seafood was directly purchased from fishermen.

"The supermarket opened before the Spring Festival to facilitate the residents of the island, the officers and men on the island and the families of the residents to buy fresh vegetables." Fu Zhihui said that after the opening of the supermarket, it will be more convenient for island residents to buy food and meat on a daily basis.

"The food here is fresh and cheap. Now I buy a la carte and cook for my husband and children at night." Ms. Wu, the wife of a duty officer in Sansha City, said that Yongxing Island is now getting better and better, and residents and their families who spend the Spring Festival on the island can also drink coffee and buy new year’s goods.

Consumers choose vegetables grown in Yongxing Island. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Vegetables grown on Yongxing Island in Sansha. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Fresh vegetables can be bought in the supermarket of Yongxing Island in Sansha City. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Fresh vegetables can be bought in the supermarket of Yongxing Island in Sansha City. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Fresh vegetables can be bought in the supermarket of Yongxing Island in Sansha City. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Consumers are choosing fresh vegetables. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Consumers are choosing fresh fruits. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

The "Yongxing Self-help" supermarket in Yongxing Island, Sansha City opened today, which is convenient for everyone to buy food. Nanhai Net reporter Gao Peng photo

Click to enter Sansha News Network.

Geely Automobile recently announced that its popular fuel SUV series will welcome two brand-new models-"Xingyun Edition" and "Dongfang Yao Today Edition". Both new models are equipped with powerful 2.0TD high-power engines, providing consumers with more choices.

At present, the market guidance price range of Geely Xingyue L series is 137,200 yuan to 185,200 yuan, while the guidance price of Xingyue L Dongfang Yao is between 169,700 yuan and 179,700 yuan. The launch of new models will undoubtedly further enrich the product line of Xingyue L series.

In terms of appearance design, both "Xingyun Edition" and "Dongfang Yao Today Edition" continue the classic style of Xingyue L series. The streamlined body and the traditional handlebar complement each other and show a unique charm. However, in terms of interior and configuration, the two new models have their own advantages.

"Xingyun Edition" adds a famous tea brown color scheme to the interior, creating a warm and elegant driving atmosphere. The car is also equipped with Mobius 8 speaker audio, light and shadow sunglasses, sun visor, driver’s seat massage and other luxury configurations. The passenger seat has also been fully upgraded, including 4-way electric adjustment, seat memory function and queen’s passenger seat design with one-button flattening/recovery. At the same time, the car is also equipped with mobile phone wireless charging (50W), multiple USB interfaces, original high-definition driving recorder and a number of intelligent driving assistance systems, such as FCW front collision warning and BSD blind area monitoring, etc., to provide all-round safety protection for drivers and passengers.

"Oriental Obsidian Today Edition" pays more attention to the integration of science and technology and luxury. The interior is decorated with Shaohua apricot color matching and four-door surround 72-color atmosphere lights, creating a fantastic driving space. At the same time, the car is also equipped with high-end configurations such as crystal handles, crystal knobs and Yanfei Lishi 12 speaker audio, so that drivers and passengers can enjoy unparalleled luxury experience while enjoying music. The addition of AR-HUD augmented reality head-up display system makes it more convenient for drivers to obtain vehicle information during driving.

In terms of cockpit, both new models continue the excellent design of the L series of Xingyue, equipped with a 12.3-inch full LCD instrument and a 12.3-inch dual screen, so that drivers can grasp the vehicle information at a glance. At the same time, the new car also uses a crystal electronic shift lever and function knob, which enhances the overall sense of luxury. The new car has also added a series of physical keys, and it is decorated with wooden decorative boards, which makes the cockpit more beautiful and practical.

In terms of power, both new models are equipped with 2.0TD high-power engines, with a maximum power of 175 kW and a peak torque of 350 Nm. The transmission system is matched with an 8-speed automatic manual transmission, which brings a smoother driving experience for drivers.

　　Zhongxin. com, Guangzhou, July 18 (Cai Minjie, He Yuhang) At present, the types of cervical cancer vaccines include domestic bivalent, imported bivalent, tetravalent and nine-valent. Wang Ming, chief expert of Guangzhou Preventive Medicine Association, said at the seminar on prevention and control strategies of cervical cancer and hepatitis E diseases held in Guangzhou on the 18th that HPV (papillomavirus) type 16 and HPV type 18 are the two virus strains with the highest risk. In terms of preventing cervical cancer alone, bivalent and tetravalent vaccines are basically the same, and about 84.5% of cervical cancer can be prevented by inoculating vaccines covering the above two subtypes.

　　Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is the fourth largest malignant tumor of women in the world, and it is also the largest gynecological malignant tumor in mainland China. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in mainland China have been rising, and there is a trend of youthfulness, accounting for almost one-sixth of the world’s incidence and mortality, which seriously threatens the health and development of mainland women. It is urgent to prevent and control it.

　　In 2018, the World Health Organization called for the global elimination of cervical cancer. The vaccination coverage rate of girls aged 9 to 14 needs to reach 90%, but at present, the vaccination rate of girls aged 9 to 14 in the Mainland is less than 0.05%. The road to eliminating cervical cancer has a long way to go.

　　Cervical cancer can be prevented and controlled, which requires early vaccination and early protection. At present, China is the only country in the world where four kinds of HPV vaccines are used in the market. Wang Ming said that the four vaccines have not been proved to have the effect of preventing diseases in people who have been infected with HPV. With age, the risk of exposure to HPV increases, especially after sexual life begins, so it is recommended to vaccinate as soon as possible.

　　Studies have shown that more than 84.5% of cervical cancer is infected by HPV16 and HPV18 viruses, and bivalent and tetravalent vaccines listed in China can protect against these two most dangerous precancerous lesions. "bivalent vaccine mainly prevents two high-risk subtypes, 16 and 18, and people aged 9 to 45 can be vaccinated. In foreign research results, it can prevent 70% of cervical cancer. Because the proportion of Chinese people infected with the above two types is higher, for us, the preventive ability of bivalent vaccine can be as high as 84.5%; Tetravalent vaccine mainly prevents subtypes 6, 11, 16 and 18, of which two high-risk types are the same as bivalence; Nine-valent vaccine can prevent five more HPV (subtypes are 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58 respectively), and the preventive ability of cervical cancer can be improved from 84.5% to 92.1%, and at the same time, it can prevent 90% of genital warts and other cancers around the reproductive tract. " Wang Ming said that under the premise of meeting accessibility, everyone can choose the vaccine that suits them according to their age and economic conditions.

　　In December 2019, National Medical Products Administration approved the marketing of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine of Xiamen Wan Tai Bio. This is the first approved domestic HPV vaccine, which is suitable for women aged 9 to 45. At present, more than 5 million pieces have been approved and issued. A large-scale clinical trial confirmed that the protective effect of HPV16/18-related precancerous lesions and high precancerous lesions in China women was 100%.

　　Wang Ming said that cervical cancer is the only malignant tumor with clear etiology, which can be prevented and controlled. In developed countries, through continuous improvement of screening management and popularization of cervical cancer vaccine, its morbidity and mortality have dropped significantly.

　　CCTV News:Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference held its second press conference on March 8th at the first session of the 13th session, inviting Yang Weimin, deputy director of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group Office, Hu Xiaolian, chairman and party secretary of The Export-Import Bank of China, Chen Xiaohua, former vice minister of agriculture, Qian Yingyi, vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and president of Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management, and Ning Gaoning, party secretary and chairman of China Sinochem Group Co., Ltd. to answer questions from reporters on promoting high-quality economic development.

　　First Financial Reporter: I would like to ask Commissioner Chen Xiaohua, as we all know, industrial prosperity is the focus of rural revitalization. Recently, we learned in an interview that the rural population is decreasing continuously and some villages are "hollowed out". Excuse me, Commissioner Chen, how to make the industrial revitalization accurately land in such a village?

　　Chen Xiaohua: As we all know, the key to rural revitalization lies in people. If a village loses its popularity and talents, the development of this village will definitely be bad. At the present stage, the rural labor force is indeed decreasing continuously, and some villages have also appeared the phenomenon of "hollowing out". We should look at this problem from two aspects. On the one hand, it is an inevitable result of urbanization. Many countries in the world experienced the phenomenon of rural population outflow before the urbanization rate reached 70%. In the past five years, the rural population has settled in cities for a total of nearly 80 million, making them become urban residents from farmers. In the future, the transfer of rural population and the settlement in cities will increase, which can be said to be an objective trend. On the other hand, we also have to admit that people are empty, and there is no popularity. If we only rely on the old, weak women and children left behind, this village will definitely be bad. Therefore, we should pay attention to this situation and not treat it passively, otherwise, the rural revitalization and industrial prosperity will come to nothing.

　　From the experience of some places, the key is to focus on people, and we can start from two aspects. On the one hand, we should vigorously cultivate new subjects and new farmers. To do this well, one is to rely on staying, that is, to vigorously cultivate local talents, especially rich leaders and practical talents in rural areas, and lead the masses to develop production and do a good job in village construction through them. Therefore, the training of rural practical talents and new farmers in recent years has played a positive role in solving this problem. On the other hand, to rely on introduction means to attract talented people who go out and talents in the city through various policies.

　　It is necessary to attract people returning to the countryside to innovate and start businesses in the countryside. In fact, in recent years, there have been about 7 million people who have returned to the countryside to engage in new industries and new formats, which have brought vitality and vitality to the countryside. This trend should be actively supported and guided.

　　On the other hand, optimize the layout of villages. In fact, with the change of rural population, it will inevitably lead to changes in villages, so we should start from reality and consider optimizing the layout of villages according to local conditions from now on. For villages with conditions, it is mainly through infrastructure construction and public service provision to create conditions for farmers’ production and life. Villages with historical and cultural values should be protected, and villages without living conditions should be relocated. Therefore, through these measures, people can be retained and brought down, and various measures for industrial revitalization can be implemented.