CCTV News:According to the website of the Ministry of Finance, 2022 is an important year for China to build a socialist modern country in an all-round way and March into a new journey towards the goal of the second century. In the first half of the year, faced with the complicated and severe international situation and the arduous and arduous tasks of domestic reform, development and stability, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities and departments conscientiously implemented the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, effectively coordinated the prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development, intensified macro-policy adjustment, effectively implemented a package of policies and measures to stabilize the economy, and solidly carried out the work of "six stabilities" and "six guarantees". The rebound of epidemic situation was effectively controlled, the national economy stabilized and rebounded, and people’s livelihood was effectively guaranteed. In the first half of the year, the GDP increased by 2.5% year-on-year, and in the second quarter, the GDP increased by 0.4% year-on-year. The main indicators stopped the downward trend and achieved positive growth.

　　Since the beginning of this year, financial departments at all levels have adhered to the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, carried forward the great spirit of party building, adhered to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, implemented the new development concept completely, accurately and comprehensively, accelerated the construction of a new development pattern, conscientiously implemented the requirements of "active fiscal policy should improve efficiency and pay more attention to accuracy and sustainability", strengthened the overall planning of financial resources, and implemented a new combined tax and fee support policy. Taking into account the needs of steady growth and risk prevention, appropriately reduce the deficit ratio, rationally arrange the debt scale, ensure the intensity of fiscal expenditure, optimize the focus and structure of expenditure, promote the sinking of financial resources, continuously improve people’s livelihood, strictly enforce financial discipline, and strive to stabilize the macro-economic market.

　　First, increase efforts to reduce burdens and relieve difficulties and enhance the vitality of market players. Adhere to the combination of phased measures and institutional arrangements, and reduce taxes, refund taxes and delay taxes simultaneously. Vigorously improve the system of value-added tax credit and tax refund, and implement large-scale tax refund for tax credit. Increase the deduction ratio of R&D expenses of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises to 100%. Small-scale taxpayers are exempted from value-added tax in stages. Reduce the purchase tax of some passenger cars in stages. We will continue to implement the policy of tax reduction and fee reduction to support manufacturing, small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, and increase the scope of reduction and exemption and expand the scope of application. Strengthen financing support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and comprehensively use financing guarantees, loan interest subsidies, incentives and subsidies to guide and incite financial resources to flow to small and medium-sized enterprises. Staged holdover of social security fees and efforts to expand the scope. We will promote the employment priority policy, improve the quality and strength, continue to implement the unemployment insurance return policy, and implement interest subsidies and awards for entrepreneurial guarantee loans. It is estimated that the annual tax rebate and tax reduction will be about 2.64 trillion yuan, of which the tax rebate will be about 1.64 trillion yuan.

　　The second is to maintain an appropriate expenditure intensity and optimize the financial expenditure structure. Deficit ratio is appropriately lowered to about 2.8%. Through certain state-owned financial institutions and franchisees, the balance of profits in recent years was turned over according to law and transferred to the budget stabilization fund, etc., and the national general public budget expenditure was arranged to be 26.71 trillion yuan, an increase of more than 2 trillion yuan over the previous year, and the available financial resources were significantly increased. Optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, give priority to supporting key projects that have been included in the national "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" outline and key special plans, moderately advance infrastructure investment, and increase support for scientific and technological research, ecological environmental protection, basic people’s livelihood, modern agriculture and other fields and major regional strategies.

　　The third is to arrange local government special bonds reasonably to ensure the construction of key projects. The overall leverage ratio of the government was basically stable, and the amount of special bonds for local governments was 3.65 trillion yuan, which was the same as that of the previous year. After being reported to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) for the record, the special bond quota of 1.46 trillion yuan was issued in advance in December 2021, and all the special bond funds used for project construction were issued to local governments before the end of March. Adhere to the principle of "funds follow the project", make a deep and detailed reserve of special bond projects, make full use of special bonds as a major project capital policy, optimize the investment fields of special bonds, include new infrastructure and new energy projects in the key support scope, strictly supervise the use of funds, and focus on supporting projects under construction that can start as soon as possible, and expand effective investment. From January to June, all localities issued a total of 3.41 trillion yuan of new special bonds, basically completing the issuance task.

　　The fourth is to promote the sinking of financial resources and support the grassroots to do the work of "three guarantees". Greatly increase the scale of transfer payments from the central government to local governments, especially general transfer payments, and tilt to difficult areas and underdeveloped areas. The central general public budget allocated nearly 9.8 trillion yuan to local transfer payments, an increase of about 1.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 18%, and the growth rate was significantly higher than in previous years. The provincial finance also sinks its financial resources to the maximum extent, supporting the grassroots to implement the policy of helping enterprises to bail out and ensuring basic people’s livelihood, wages and operation. Improve the direct mechanism of normalized financial funds, further expand the scope, and promote the rapid and accurate release and use of funds.

　　Fifth, adhere to the tight life of party and government organs and promote the construction of conservation-oriented organs. The central government took the lead in living a tight life, focusing on ensuring rigid expenditures and urgently needed expenditures, strictly controlling general expenditures, strengthening the budget management of "three public funds", and striving to reduce administrative operating costs. In 2022, the expenditure of the central government decreased by 2.1%. Local governments at all levels are strict and tight, freeing up more financial resources to improve basic people’s livelihood and support the development of market players, so as to effectively save money for the people. We will improve the financial expenditure restraint mechanism, revitalize the financial stock funds and idle assets, promote the sharing of assets in administrative institutions, constantly improve the institutional system for living a tight life, and strengthen the evaluation of implementation.

　　Sixth, strict financial discipline and financial order in put in order. Strictly implement financial laws and regulations and management regulations, tighten the "cage" of the system, and resolutely safeguard the seriousness of the system. Manage and make good use of financial funds and standardize income and expenditure behavior. Improve the tax collection and management system and severely crack down on tax evasion and tax fraud according to law. Further standardize the financial audit order and curb financial fraud. Organize and carry out special rectification actions of local financial and economic order, strictly investigate the serious violations, and make financial and economic discipline an untouchable "high-voltage line".

　　In the next step, the financial department will conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, adhere to the principle of stability, strive for progress in stability, implement the requirements of preventing the epidemic, stabilizing the economy, and ensuring safety in development, effectively coordinate the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic and social development, coordinate development and safety, increase macro-policy adjustment, plan incremental policy tools, arrange ahead, speed up the pace, and make timely efforts to continue to do a good job in "six stabilities" and "six guarantees"

　　First, the financial operation suffered from the impact of epidemic situation and other factors, and the budget implementation was generally good.

　　This year, China’s economic operation started smoothly, and the national general public budget revenue increased by 10.5% in January and February. In March, due to the complicated situation and epidemic situation at home and abroad, the growth rate of income in that month dropped to 3.4% year-on-year. In April and May, the fiscal revenue declined due to the influence of the centralized implementation of the VAT tax refund policy. With the gradual improvement of the epidemic situation and the effect of stabilizing the economy, the fiscal revenue stabilized and rebounded in June, with an increase of 5.3% after deducting the tax rebate factor, and the growth rate turned from negative to positive. In that month, the fiscal revenue of 25 provinces in China achieved positive growth. Overall, the budget implementation in the first half of the year was generally good.

　　(1) Affected by the epidemic and other factors, the growth rate of national fiscal revenue has declined.

　　In the first half of the year, the national general public budget revenue was 10,522.1 billion yuan, a cumulative increase of 3.3% after deducting the tax rebate factor, and a year-on-year decrease of 10.2% in natural terms. Affected by epidemic situation, industrial structure and other factors, regional fiscal revenue differentiation is more obvious. After deducting the tax rebate, the revenue of the central and local general public budgets increased by 1.7% and 4.7% respectively, while the revenue of the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions increased by -1%, 13.7%, 16.5% and -3.5% respectively. The income growth in the central and western regions is relatively high, mainly driven by the increase in energy and resources industries, in which Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Xinjiang increased by 44%, 49.4%, 34.7% and 40.9% respectively, and maintained a rapid growth trend. In the eastern region, Fujian, Shandong and Zhejiang maintained steady growth, with the growth rates of 6.7%, 6.3% and 4.2% respectively after deducting the tax refund factor; Guangdong decreased slightly by 0.5%, which was 2.5 percentage points narrower than that in January-May, with an increase of 8.9% in June.

　　In the first half of the year, the national tax revenue increased by 0.9% after deducting the tax refund factor, showing a gradual recovery trend, and decreased by 14.8% according to the natural caliber. After deducting the tax rebate, the domestic value-added tax decreased by 0.7%, among which, it decreased by 1.1% in June, which was significantly narrower than that in April and May, mainly due to the gradual improvement of industrial added value, service industry production index and other related economic indicators. Corporate income tax, personal income tax, value-added tax on imported goods and consumption tax increased by 3.2%, 8.7% and 14.9% respectively. Revitalizing idle assets through multiple channels led to an increase in non-tax revenue. In the first half of the year, the national non-tax revenue was 1,965.7 billion yuan, an increase of 18%.

　　(two) to ensure the intensity of fiscal expenditure, expenditure protection in key areas.

　　We will increase the overall planning of financial funds, turn over the profits accumulated in recent years according to law through specific state-owned financial institutions and franchisees, and transfer them to the budget stabilization fund to maintain an appropriate expenditure intensity. In the first half of the year, the total expenditure of the national general public budget was 12.89 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.9%, which was higher than the increase of fiscal revenue. Among them, the central government’s expenditure at this level was 1,563 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.8%; Local expenditure was 11,325.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.9%.

　　We will optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, give priority to supporting key projects that have been included in the outline of the 14 th Five-Year Plan and key special plans, and increase support for scientific and technological research, ecological environmental protection, basic livelihood, modern agriculture and other fields and major regions. Among them, the expenditure on science and technology was 434.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 17.3%; Transportation expenditure was 635.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12%; Expenditure on agriculture, forestry and water was 1,038.3 billion yuan, up 11% year-on-year; Health expenditure was 1,125.9 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.7%; Education expenditure was 1,920.8 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.2%; Expenditure on social security and employment was 2,019.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.6%.

　　Accelerate the progress of fiscal expenditure. After the National People’s Congress approves the budget, the central government will complete the departmental budget approval on the same day, and at the same time pay close attention to the transfer payment budget. Up to now, except for some funds such as factual settlement, all other qualified transfer payments have been issued. Closely track the implementation of local and departmental budgets, supervise and guide the strengthening of budget implementation management, and promote the early implementation of funds and policies.

　　(3) Continue to live a tight life and make better use of financial resources.

　　Adhere to the requirement of tight days throughout the whole process of budget implementation, which not only fully guarantees the necessary expenditure demand, but also strictly controls the expenditure barrier, hardens the budget constraint, strictly controls the general expenditure, and fully guarantees the key expenditure. The central government takes the lead in living a tight life. On the basis of the negative growth of the central government’s expenditure for two consecutive years, the central government’s expenditure will continue to be negative in 2022, down by 2.1%. During budget implementation, the supplementary budget shall be strictly controlled, and the newly-added urgently needed expenditure of the department shall be given priority through the existing budget as a whole. For matters that really need to be used, the budget shall be strictly examined and submitted to the State Council for approval before being issued. Vigorously revitalize the department’s stock funds and idle assets, and recover the surplus funds and carry-over funds that have not been used up for two consecutive years in accordance with the regulations to avoid idle funds. Evaluate the tight life of the central departments on a quarterly basis, link the evaluation results with the budget arrangement, and urge to strengthen the awareness of thrift. At the same time, local governments should be guided strictly to ensure that precious funds are used in critical areas of development and urgent needs of people’s livelihood.

　　Second, increase efforts to help enterprises bail out difficulties and focus on stabilizing the macroeconomic market.

　　In view of the needs of market players, we improved fiscal macro-control, paid attention to the coordinated combination of various policy tools, implemented new combined tax and fee support policies, and continuously increased the efforts to reduce burdens and bail-outs. In the first half of the year, 507.4 billion yuan of tax rebates were added and 1,845.5 billion yuan of tax rebates were processed, which effectively boosted the confidence of market players, enhanced the endogenous motivation for development, and promoted stable and healthy economic development.

　　(1) Accelerating the implementation of the tax reduction and tax rebate policy.

　　First, the value-added tax allowance is refunded in advance on a large scale. Focus on small and micro enterprises and key industries to increase tax refund. All qualified small and micro enterprises and six industries, such as manufacturing, will be included in the scope of policy implementation, and further expanded to seven industries, such as wholesale and retail. The incremental tax allowance will be refunded in full every month and the stock tax allowance will be refunded in full at one time. The total amount of new tax refund for the whole year is about 1.64 trillion yuan. Accelerate the progress of tax refund. Priority will be given to small and micro enterprises, and the stock of medium and large enterprises will be reserved for tax refund in advance. Among them, the remaining tax credits of micro-enterprises and small-scale enterprises will be refunded before April 30 and June 30, 2022 respectively; The stock tax allowance for medium-sized enterprises will be implemented in advance on May 1st and returned centrally before June 30th; Large-scale enterprises’ stock tax allowance will be implemented ahead of June 1 and returned centrally before June 30 to ensure the accelerated release of policy dividends. Strengthen the guarantee of treasury funds. The central government has arranged a special transfer payment of 1.2 trillion yuan to support the grassroots to implement tax reduction and fee reduction and key people’s livelihood, and all of them have been issued; Establish a separate allocation and pre-allocation mechanism for tax refund funds, pre-allocate monthly and roll liquidation to ensure the funds needed for local tax refund, and bring the funds into the direct monitoring system to ensure the timely refund of funds. From April 1 to June 30, the country handled 1,722.2 billion yuan of tax refund for 1.865 million taxpayers. In addition, in the first quarter, it continued to implement the previous old policy of tax refund for tax refund, and in the first half of the year, a total of 1,845.5 billion yuan of tax refund was refunded to taxpayers’ accounts.It has reached 2.9 times the scale of tax refund in the first half of last year, and successfully realized the "big head landing" of the tax refund policy.

　　Second, other tax reduction and fee reduction policies to support manufacturing, small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households will continue to be implemented. Small-scale taxpayers are exempted from value-added tax in stages. Expand the scope of application of the "six taxes and two fees" relief to small and meager profit enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households. For small and micro enterprises, the annual taxable income of 1 million yuan to 3 million yuan will be halved, and the actual tax burden will be reduced to 5%. We will intensify the implementation of the policy of adding and deducting R&D expenses, increase the proportion of adding and deducting R&D expenses of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises to 100%, and improve policies such as accelerated depreciation of equipment and appliances. In the first half of the year, the preferential policy of "six taxes and two fees", the reduction of value-added tax for small-scale taxpayers and the increase of income tax incentives for small and micro enterprises reduced the burden on taxpayers by 83 billion yuan, 79.3 billion yuan and 47.7 billion yuan respectively.

　　Third, industries with special difficulties have received precise assistance. The public transportation services such as public transport, which are greatly affected by the epidemic, and the express delivery service of necessary living materials for residents are exempted from VAT. Suspension of air transport and railway transport enterprises to pay VAT in advance for one year. Continue the policy of adding and deducting value-added tax for production and life service industries. In order to stabilize automobile consumption, the vehicle purchase tax will be halved in stages for passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters or less not exceeding 300,000 yuan, which will benefit about 8.7 million passenger cars. Encourage all localities to give relief to taxpayers who have real difficulties in paying urban land use tax.

　　(two) the extension of the phased holdover of social security fees.

　　The first is the expansion of the industry. On the basis of implementing three social insurance premium policies of phased holdover for the aged, unemployment and work-related injury in five extremely poor industries, such as catering, retail, tourism, civil aviation and highway, waterway and railway transportation, the holdover policy will be further extended to 17 difficult industries, such as agricultural and sideline food processing industry and textile industry, in which the implementation period of holdover for the aged insurance premium will be until the end of 2022, and the holdover period for work-related injury and unemployment insurance will not exceed one year, and the late payment fee will be exempted during the holdover period.

　　The second is to postpone the payment. All small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households with temporary difficulties in production and operation in areas seriously affected by the epidemic can apply for holdover of the unit contributions of pension, unemployment and work-related injury, and the implementation period of holdover will be until the end of 2022, during which the late payment fee will be exempted. Individual industrial and commercial households who participate in the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees in their personal capacity may voluntarily suspend payment until the end of 2023 if it is difficult to pay the old-age insurance premium in 2022.

　　The third is to study and introduce incremental policies. We will implement a phased deferred payment policy for employees’ medical insurance units, make it clear that the accumulated balance of the overall fund can be paid in the overall planning area for more than six months. Since July 2022, small and medium-sized enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households insured by units will be deferred for three months, and the late payment fee will be exempted during the deferred payment period, and the "free application and enjoyment" handling mode will be fully implemented.

　　(3) The employment policy of stabilizing posts has been effective and intensified.

　　First, the security of employment funds has been increasing. We will give priority to employment. In 2022, the central government allocated 61.758 billion yuan of employment subsidies, an increase of 5.168 billion yuan. At present, 59.758 billion yuan has been allocated to support local governments in implementing employment and entrepreneurship support policies.

　　Second, the policy of aiding enterprises to stabilize their posts has been effective. Continue to implement the policy of reducing unemployment insurance rates and industrial injury insurance rates by stages until April 30, 2023. We will continue to implement the policy of stable return of unemployment insurance, and increase the return ratio of large enterprises from 30% in 2021 to 50%, and the return ratio of small and medium-sized enterprises from 60% to 90%. Cities and counties in areas with medium and high-risk epidemic in 2022 may grant a one-time stay-at-work subsidy to all insured enterprises that are temporarily unable to operate normally due to the serious impact of the epidemic, according to the standard that each employee participating in unemployment insurance does not exceed that of 500 yuan, and the policy will be implemented until the end of 2022.

　　Third, the employment of key groups has been carried out in a solid manner. For enterprises that recruit college graduates in the graduation year, sign labor contracts and participate in unemployment insurance, they will be granted a one-time job expansion subsidy according to the standard of no more than 1,500 yuan per person; Small and medium-sized enterprises that recruit college graduates in the graduation year and sign labor contracts for more than one year will be given a one-time employment subsidy. The policy of one-time post expansion subsidy and one-time employment subsidy will not be enjoyed repeatedly, and the two policies will be implemented until the end of 2022. Newly established "Central Special Lottery Public Welfare Fund to Support College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education Project" and arranged funds of 100 million yuan to promote the development of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education. Introduce the national student loan interest-free and principal deferred repayment policy, exempt the national student loan interest that should be repaid in 2022 by graduate loan students in 2022 and previous years, and the interest-free funds shall be borne by the finance; The repayment of the principal can be postponed for one year without penalty interest, which is expected to benefit more than 4 million college graduates.

　　With the gradual recovery of the economy and the gradual implementation of various policies to stabilize employment, the trend of rising unemployment rate in urban surveys has been reversed. In the first half of the year, 6.54 million new jobs were created in cities and towns nationwide, and the national average unemployment rate reached 5.7%, and the employment situation generally improved.

　　(4) Accurate efforts in government procurement.

　　The first is to facilitate the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in procurement activities. Urge all regions and departments to strengthen the management of procurement demand, standardize the setting of qualification conditions, flexibly reserve the whole project, reasonably reserve procurement packages, require large enterprises to form a consortium with small and medium-sized enterprises, and require large enterprises to subcontract to small and medium-sized enterprises to ensure the contract share of small and medium-sized enterprises. By increasing the proportion of advance payment, introducing credit guarantee, supporting small and medium-sized enterprises to carry out contract financing, and providing free electronic procurement documents, it is convenient for small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in procurement activities. Pay purchasing funds in time in strict accordance with regulations, effectively reducing the financial pressure on SMEs.

　　The second is to adjust the price evaluation concessions of small and micro enterprises. Deduct the discount from the original 6%— 10% to 10%— 20%, that is, in the procurement activities, the quotation for small and micro enterprises will be given 10% first & mdash; 20% deduction, after winning the bid, sign the contract according to the actual quotation of small and micro enterprises. The preferential evaluation for large and medium-sized enterprises to form a consortium with small and micro enterprises or for large and medium-sized enterprises to subcontract to small and micro enterprises is changed from 2% to mdash; 3% to 4%— 6%, adding orders, increasing motivation and stabilizing expectations for SMEs.

　　The third is to increase the reserved share of government procurement projects. In principle, all engineering procurement projects below 4 million yuan are reserved for small and medium-sized enterprises. For the project procurement projects with more than 4 million yuan that are suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, the reserved share for small and medium-sized enterprises will be gradually increased from 30% to more than 40% in the second half of 2022 on the premise of adhering to the principles of openness, fairness and fair competition and unifying quality standards, so as to further expand the share of small and medium-sized enterprises in obtaining project contracts.

　　With the active support of the above policies and measures, the contract amount awarded to small and medium-sized enterprises in national government procurement accounts for about 75% of the national government procurement scale.

　　(5) Financing support continued to increase.

　　First, inclusive finance’s development support has been further strengthened. In 2022, the central government allocated a special fund budget of 10.707 billion yuan for the development of inclusive finance, and continuously enhanced the ability of financial services to the real economy. In conjunction with relevant parties, the first batch of 83 demonstration zones supported by the central government for inclusive finance’s development were launched, and 2.28 billion yuan of award and compensation funds were allocated to support various localities to build inclusive finance demonstration zones with their own characteristics according to local conditions, so as to promote the expansion, increment, cost reduction and efficiency improvement of inclusive finance’s services.

　　Second, the small and micro enterprise financing guarantee fee reduction incentive policy continued to be implemented. We will issue 3 billion yuan as bonus for fee reduction of financing guarantee for small and micro enterprises, focus on expanding the scale of first loan, single-family loan of less than 10 million yuan, medium-and long-term loan guarantee and innovative small and micro enterprise guarantee business, increase support for small and micro enterprises in special difficult industries such as transportation, catering, accommodation and tourism, reduce the rate of financing guarantee, and promote the solution of financing difficulties and expensive financing for small and micro enterprises.

　　Third, the government financing guarantee will expand the scope and increase efficiency. We will expand the coverage of government financing guarantees to small and micro enterprises, clarify the target and task of adding more than 1 trillion yuan of re-guarantee cooperation business to the national financing guarantee fund during the year, and give better play to the countercyclical adjustment role of government financing guarantees. In the first half of the year, the national financing guarantee fund has completed the re-guarantee cooperation business scale of 596.2 billion yuan, an increase of 85% year-on-year; Serving 780,000 market players, up 214% year-on-year; The scale of supporting agriculture with small businesses was 588.9 billion yuan, up 86% year-on-year, and the scale of supporting agriculture with small businesses accounted for 98.78%, up 0.09 percentage points year-on-year.

　　Third, accelerate the issuance and use of local government special bonds and expand the scope of support to promote the expansion of effective investment.

　　Accelerate the issuance and use of special bonds, optimize the investment fields of special bonds, and continuously strengthen the management of special bonds, which has better guaranteed the reasonable financing needs of local governments and effectively played a positive role in promoting the expansion of effective investment and stabilizing the macro-economy.

　　(1) The newly-added special bond quota has basically been issued, so as to promote the formation of physical workload as soon as possible.

　　According to the requirement of keeping the overall leverage ratio of the government basically stable, in 2022, the National People’s Congress approved a new limit of 3.65 trillion yuan for local government special bonds, which was the same as the previous year. Planning the issuance and use in advance, authorized by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), in December 2021, the amount of new special bonds was 1.46 trillion yuan, three months earlier than the previous year, and the amount of new special bonds of 3.45 trillion yuan used for project construction at the end of March was all issued. Optimize the allocation of special bond quotas, give full consideration to local financial conditions, debt risk levels, project reserves and other factors, and tilt the allocation to areas with strong solvency and sufficient project reserves. Make full use of special bonds as the capital policy of major projects, optimize the investment fields of special bonds, and require all localities to give priority to special bond funds for key projects included in the national "14 th Five-Year Plan" and major regional development strategies, and resolutely do not spread "pepper noodles." Guide the local authorities to arrange the issuance time in advance, pay close attention to the budget adjustment procedures, decompose the newly issued quotas into cities and counties in time, and promote the formation of physical workload as soon as possible.

　　From January to June, a total of 3.41 trillion yuan of new special bonds were issued. Among the special bonds issued, 1,169.1 billion yuan was used to support municipal construction and industrial park infrastructure, 577.7 billion yuan for transportation infrastructure, 638.9 billion yuan for social undertakings, 529.6 billion yuan for affordable housing projects, 283.2 billion yuan for agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, 127.6 billion yuan for ecological protection and 80.2 billion yuan for energy and urban and rural cold chain logistics infrastructure, which played an important role in stabilizing the macro-economy. Among them, all localities have arranged more than 240 billion yuan of special bond funds as capital for major projects, effectively giving play to the inciting role of government investment. Under the premise of compliance with laws and controllable risks, guide commercial banks to provide supporting financing support for qualified special bond project construction entities.

　　(2) Incorporate new infrastructure and new energy projects into the scope of support, and prepare key projects in advance.

　　Expand the scope of priority support for special bonds. According to the deployment requirements of the State Council, we will study and reasonably expand the scope of special bonds, and on the basis of existing transportation infrastructure, energy, ecological and environmental protection, affordable housing projects and other fields, we will clearly include qualified government investment projects in new energy and new infrastructure areas into the scope of local government special bonds to help the development of emerging industries.

　　Do a deep and detailed project reserve. Guide the local authorities to do a good job in the normalization of special bond projects in accordance with the requirements of "putting a batch of reserves into storage, issuing and using a batch, and starting construction a batch". In 2022, 71,000 special bond projects will be reserved in two batches. In the first half of the year, the newly issued special bonds supported more than 23,800 projects, including about 10,800 projects under construction and about 13,000 new projects.

　　(3) Strengthen the supervision and management of bond funds, and further improve the efficiency in the use of funds.

　　Strictly implement the negative list management of special bonds, and it is strictly forbidden to use bond funds for buildings, halls, image projects, performance projects and non-public welfare capital expenditure projects. Strengthen daily supervision and management, carry out penetrating monitoring of special bond projects, report the progress of early warning of special bond expenditures on a monthly basis, regularly carry out special inspections on the use and management of special bonds, comprehensively tighten the management responsibilities of competent departments and project units, strictly implement the punishment mechanism for handling special bond funds, strengthen the rigid constraints on violations, and promote the legal and compliant use of special bond funds.

　　Fourth, improve the direct mechanism of normalized financial funds, and release funds quickly and accurately.

　　Further expand the scope of direct funds, speed up the release and use of funds, strengthen monitoring and management, and the direct mechanism of financial funds works well, with obvious policy effects, and the role of benefiting enterprises and benefiting the people is effectively brought into play.

　　(a) expand the scope of funds, the total scale of direct funds is about 4 trillion yuan.

　　All eligible funds for benefiting enterprises and benefiting the people will be included in the direct range, with a total capital scale of about 4 trillion yuan, an increase of about 1.2 trillion yuan over the previous year. In particular, this year’s one-time transfer payments to support grassroots implementation of tax reduction and fee reduction and key people’s livelihood will be included in the direct fund management, and the direct mechanism will effectively play an important role in safeguarding people’s livelihood and supporting grassroots operations. At the same time, local governments are required to include local financial funds corresponding to the direct funds of the central government in the direct scope, and local governments are encouraged to include their own funds for benefiting enterprises and benefiting the people in the direct scope in light of actual conditions, so as to further amplify the effect of the direct mechanism.

　　(B) quickly issued for use, direct funding effect.

　　First, the budget funds were quickly released and implemented. In the first half of the year, out of about 4 trillion yuan of direct funds, the central government has allocated 3.992 trillion yuan, accounting for 97.9%. All qualified funds have been allocated, and the outstanding funds are mainly factual settlement projects. The local finance has allocated 3.625 trillion yuan to the fund users, accounting for 90.8% of the central finance, and promoted the timely implementation of funds.

　　Second, the overall use of expenditure is relatively fast. In the first half of the year, in addition to the funds allocated by local governments to support tax refund, tax reduction and fee reduction, 357,000 projects were arranged through direct funds, resulting in an expenditure of 1.848 trillion yuan, accounting for 57.9% of the 3.192 trillion yuan issued by the central government, 7.9 percentage points higher than the scheduled progress, and the overall use of funds was nearly one month faster. The focus of expenditure is tilted to the grassroots level, with provincial expenditure of 0.646 trillion yuan, accounting for 35%; The expenditure of cities and counties was 1.202 trillion yuan, accounting for 65%.

　　Third, the policy of benefiting enterprises and benefiting the people has achieved remarkable results. In terms of protecting the main body of the market, all localities not only support enterprises by offsetting income such as tax refund, tax reduction and fee reduction, but also help enterprises through financial expenditure. According to incomplete statistics, related direct benefits to enterprises cost about 350 billion yuan, benefiting 680,000 market participants, totaling 2.56 million times. In terms of ensuring residents’ employment, it is preliminarily estimated that the expenditure directly used for employment exceeds 20 billion yuan, which promotes the implementation of the employment priority policy and stabilizes the employment situation. In terms of ensuring basic people’s livelihood, according to preliminary statistics, the expenditure on basic people’s livelihood such as pension, compulsory education, basic medical care and basic housing reached 1.17 trillion yuan, helping to firmly grasp the bottom line of people’s livelihood.

　　(3) Strengthen the supervision of funds to ensure that the direct use of funds is standardized, safe and efficient.

　　First, optimize and improve the direct fund monitoring system. According to the needs of direct funds expansion and efficiency improvement, the system functions are expanded from data tracking to monitoring, early warning and comprehensive analysis. Strengthen the data connection and comparison between the monitoring system and the integrated budget management system, speed up the integration process, and provide strong support for strengthening the direct fund management.

　　The second is to pay attention to daily monitoring and supervision. Strictly manage the allocation and use of funds, strengthen online monitoring and offline verification, monitor the whole process of fund allocation, disbursement and use, realize the synchronization of fund release and monitoring, urge all localities to grasp the expenditure progress reasonably and orderly, and promote the standardization and early use of funds.

　　The third is to promote multi-sectoral coordination and coordination. Distinguish the nature and characteristics of different funds and establish a classified supervision system. Strengthen the coordination of auditing, industry authorities and finance, focus on the use of projects based on problems, strengthen the monitoring and supervision of key areas and important links in the use of funds, and promote the implementation of funds and give full play to actual results.

　　Five, firmly grasp the "three guarantees" bottom line, the local financial operation is stable and orderly.

　　Always adhere to the "three guarantees" bottom line as a hard task of financial work, in the case of the contradiction between fiscal revenue and expenditure is very prominent, further increase financial support for local governments, compact local responsibilities, strengthen supervision and guidance, monitoring and early warning, and promote the effective protection of "three guarantees" expenditures at the grassroots level and the smooth and orderly operation of local finance.

　　(1) Sink financial resources to the maximum extent, and greatly increase the scale of transfer payments.

　　Concentrate financial resources to increase local transfer payments. In 2022, the central government arranged nearly 9.8 trillion yuan for local transfer payments, an increase of about 1.5 trillion yuan over the previous year, with an increase of 18%. The structure was further optimized, and general transfer payments increased by 8.7%, with a moderate tilt to the central and western regions and grassroots. Increase the progress of the central government’s transfer payment to local governments. By the end of June, the central government’s transfer payment rate to local governments reached 92.7%, providing strong support for local governments to do a good job in grassroots "three guarantees" and other work.

　　(two) strictly implement the responsibility to ensure that the "three guarantees" expenditure is given priority.

　　In accordance with the principle of "county-level-oriented, municipal-level assistance, provincial-level bottom-up, and central incentives", the graded responsibility system is implemented. The financial operation of established counties (including county-level cities) is mainly responsible by the provincial finance, and the financial operation of municipal districts is mainly responsible by the prefecture-level cities where they are located, and the responsibility of "three guarantees" is always the same. We will improve the incentive and restraint mechanism, and when arranging general transfer payments, the central government will reward areas that have achieved remarkable results in strengthening the "three guarantees" guarantee and improving the county-level financial level and balance. Strengthen work guidance and supervision, require local governments to take the "three guarantees" expenditure as the focus of budget arrangements, adhere to the priority of the "three guarantees" expenditure in fiscal expenditure, and take practical measures to ensure that the salaries and pensions of key groups such as teachers are paid on time.

　　(3) Improve monitoring and early warning, and effectively prevent the operational risks of grassroots finance.

　　Further improve the monitoring mechanism of local financial operation, and carry out linkage monitoring and dynamic early warning on local "three guarantees" budget arrangement and implementation, local government debt service, temporary payment, and treasury funds. The local supervision bureaus of the Ministry of Finance shall establish a consultation mechanism with the local provincial financial departments, establish a contact point system with key counties, and deeply understand and dynamically monitor the operation of grassroots finance. For the operational risks of individual counties found in audit supervision and daily monitoring, timely urge the rectification to be in place.

　　Sixth, support the stability of the supply chain of the industrial chain and help the economic cycle to flow smoothly.

　　Adhere to the innovation-driven development strategy, continue to strengthen investment in science and technology, innovate and improve policy mechanisms, focus on breaking through the "breakpoints" of the industrial chain and the "blocking points" of the supply chain, and jointly promote the stability of the industrial chain and the smooth economic cycle.

　　(1) Vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation and continuously improve the level of industrial development.

　　First, important progress has been made in original and leading scientific and technological research. Focusing on basic research, the central government will allocate 76.614 billion yuan for basic research in 2022, an increase of 7%. Support the implementation of the ten-year plan for basic research, improve the funding system of the National Natural Science Foundation, and encourage the development of basic research and scientific frontier exploration. We will ensure the funding needs of key core technologies and support scientific and technological research in key areas such as epidemic prevention and control, disease prevention and control, seed industry and green and low carbon. We will implement the system of "unveiling the list" and "horse racing", fully guarantee the organization and implementation of major scientific and technological projects, and solve the technical problem of "sticking the neck". According to the principle of "mature one, promote one", promote "scientific and technological innovation 2030— Major projects "to speed up the organization and implementation, and constantly extend the innovation chain, improve the industrial chain.

　　Second, the national strategic scientific and technological strength has been further strengthened. Establish a stable support mechanism for national laboratory funds, promote the reorganization of national key laboratories, promote scientific research institutions and high-level research universities to play a better role, encourage the reform and development of central-level scientific research institutes, and promote the construction of first-class institutions. Support the construction of high-level scientific and technological talents, and support scientific and technological talents to independently carry out scientific and technological research and development through related projects. We will promote that more than half of the annual budgets of basic scientific research business expenses of scientific research institutes and central universities will be used for young researchers, and high-level talents will be introduced and cultivated.

　　Third, the reform of science and technology fund management has been further promoted. Optimize and adjust the expenditure structure of science and technology funds, focusing on strategic and key areas. Strengthen the follow-up and supervision of the implementation of "Several Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Reforming and Perfecting the Management of Scientific Research Funds of the Central Government", strengthen the supervision after the event, and ensure that the autonomy of scientific research funds can be put down, accepted and managed well. Optimize the role of guiding funds for scientific and technological innovation, encourage social forces to increase investment in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and promote the transformation and application of more scientific and technological achievements by setting up venture capital sub-funds.

　　Fourth, the innovation vitality of enterprises is effectively stimulated. Increase the deduction ratio of R&D expenses of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises from 75% to 100%, and improve policies such as accelerated depreciation of equipment and appliances. The funding mode of "implementation first, funding later" is adopted, and enterprises and other innovative subjects invest and carry out related scientific and technological activities first, and then give subsidies after acceptance, so as to guide enterprises to become innovative subjects. Focus on industrial demand, start the implementation of relevant national science and technology plan projects, support enterprises to take the lead in setting up innovation consortia to undertake national scientific research tasks, and enhance the independent innovation capability of key core technologies.

　　(2) The fiscal and taxation policies should be put forward, and the supply chain enterprises in the industrial chain should be promoted to return to work and reach production.

　　The first is to promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial chain supply chain. Focus on key industrial chains of manufacturing industry, focus on blocking points and breakpoints, support the breakthrough of short-board weaknesses and the construction of public service platforms, and improve the modernization level of industrial chain supply chain. We will continue to implement the insurance compensation policy for the first (set) of major technical equipment and key new materials, and adopt a market-oriented approach to support the promotion and application of innovative products of major technical equipment and new materials. Give full play to the role of government investment funds in the manufacturing sector, guide social capital to increase investment in integrated circuits, new materials, next-generation information technology and other fields, and ensure the safety of the supply chain of the industrial chain.

　　The second is to help the high-quality development of "specialized and innovative" SMEs. Adhere to the combination of cultivating excellent enterprises and strengthening industries. At the beginning of June, the central government issued 1.921 billion yuan of special and innovative "Little Giant" enterprises to the relevant provinces, of which 1.086 billion yuan was used to support the addition of 543 key "Little Giant" enterprises, and more than 90% of the newly added enterprises participated in the short-board of key core technologies in sub-sectors, and the cultivation focus was further highlighted. Up to now, the central government has issued a total of 4.68 billion yuan of award and compensation funds to support 1922 key "little giant" enterprises, which has provided strong support for the industrial chain to supplement the chain and strengthen the chain.

　　The third is to increase the relief efforts for enterprises in industries such as civil aviation that are greatly affected by the epidemic. Suspension of prepayment of value-added tax by branches of aviation enterprises. Refund of tax credit for air transport enterprises. From May 21 to July 20, with the goal of ensuring the minimum number of flights and ensuring safe flight, phased financial subsidies were implemented for domestic passenger flights. According to statistics, in the last week of policy implementation (from July 16th to July 20th), the daily average number of domestic flights reached 9,867, an increase of 119.3% compared with the first week of financial subsidies for domestic passenger flights.

　　The fourth is to promote the smooth flow of logistics. From May to the end of this year, the income obtained by taxpayers from providing express delivery services for essential living materials for residents will be exempted from value-added tax. Support the national comprehensive freight hub to supplement the chain and strengthen the chain. From 2022, it will take about three years to concentrate on supporting about 30 cities, implement the interconnection of infrastructure and equipment, improve the standards and services of multimodal transport, and build a market-oriented long-term mechanism with multi-participation, which will play an active role in improving recycling efficiency, enhancing recycling kinetic energy and reducing recycling costs, effectively supporting the stability and extending the supply chain of the service industry chain. Among them, in 2022, 5 billion yuan of subsidy funds will be arranged to support about 10 cities to start related work. 2.36 billion yuan was allocated to support the construction of the supply chain system of agricultural products, and it was clear that the cold chain logistics enterprises that undertook the relevant circulation and supply protection tasks and were affected by the epidemic were supported by local governments as a whole. Arrange 5 billion yuan to support the construction of cold storage and preservation facilities for agricultural products, and lay a solid foundation for smooth logistics.

　　(3) Support the steady increase of mass consumption such as automobiles and boost the release of domestic demand potential.

　　The purchase tax on some passenger cars will be reduced by stages. For passenger cars with a displacement of 2.0 liters or less whose purchase date is from June 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 and the bicycle price (excluding VAT) does not exceed 300,000 yuan, the vehicle purchase tax will be reduced by half to boost automobile consumption. This policy has reduced taxes by 60 billion yuan. Support the orderly development of the new energy vehicle industry, implement the subsidy policy for the purchase of new energy vehicles, integrate the development planning of the new energy vehicle industry, the market sales trend and the smooth transition of enterprises, and gently subsidize the retreat, and clarify that the period of the subsidy policy for the purchase of new energy vehicles in 2022 is December 31, 2022. In the first half of the year, the number of new energy vehicles in China exceeded 10 million, an increase of 27.8% year-on-year; Production and sales exceeded 2.6 million vehicles, up 1.2 times year-on-year.

　　Seven, improve the agricultural and rural development support policies, and promote the balance and coordination of regional development.

　　Actively play the role of fiscal function, pay attention to consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively connecting with rural revitalization, implement major national regional strategies, focus on solving the problem of insufficient imbalance in development, and promote coordinated regional development at a higher level.

　　(1) The production and supply of grain and important agricultural products have been strongly guaranteed.

　　First, support the stable subsidies for grain farmers. We will steadily implement the subsidy policy for the protection of cultivated land fertility, issue 120.485 billion yuan of subsidies for the protection of cultivated land fertility, and distribute 30 billion yuan of one-time agricultural subsidies to actual grain farmers in two batches. We will introduce subsidies for strip compound planting of corn and soybean, and support the promotion of strip compound planting of corn and soybean in suitable areas such as northwest, Huanghuaihai, southwest and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

　　The second is to implement the strategy of storing grain in the ground and storing grain in technology. Promote the improvement of comprehensive grain production capacity, arrange 86.498 billion yuan of farmland construction subsidy funds, 476 million yuan of departmental budget funds and 22.6 billion yuan of central infrastructure investment, and support the construction of 100 million mu of high-standard farmland (including 15 million mu of high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area). 11.145 billion yuan was allocated to support the implementation of farmland rotation and fallow. Promote the improvement of agricultural mechanization, allocate 21.2 billion yuan, and implement the subsidy policy for the purchase and application of agricultural machinery. Support the seed industry revitalization action.

　　The third is to ensure the effective supply of important agricultural products. The whole county promotes the improvement of dairy production capacity, supports the development of grass and livestock supporting and moderate scale breeding in large dairy counties, and enhances the ability of milk supply guarantee. We will implement the incremental upgrading of beef cattle and mutton sheep, further expand the scope of the project, and promote the development of the whole industrial chain of basic cows’ expansion and upgrading, and planting grass, raising cattle and raising sheep. Implement subsidies for improved varieties, support the promotion of improved varieties of livestock in pastoral areas, and accelerate the improvement of pig varieties. We will allocate 6.899 billion yuan for animal epidemic prevention and other subsidies to ensure animal epidemic prevention-related work. Timely release pigs (cattle and sheep) to transfer large county incentive funds to promote the production and circulation of pigs (cattle and sheep) and industrial development. Carry out full cost insurance and planting income insurance for sugar cane in Guangxi, and carry out pilot projects for full cost insurance and planting income insurance for soybeans in some counties of Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia.

　　The fourth is to promote agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work. 5 billion yuan will be allocated through agricultural production development funds and agricultural production disaster relief funds to ensure that wheat will become weak and strong, and strengthen field management. Efforts will be made to ensure the prevention and control of major crop pests and diseases, and support the full coverage of wheat "one spray and three defenses" measures. 26.593 billion yuan was allocated for water conservancy development, which supported the improvement of small and medium-sized rivers with a basin area of 200-3,000 square kilometers, the reinforcement of small dangerous reservoirs and the prevention and control of mountain torrents.

　　(2) Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively link with rural revitalization.

　　First, increase investment guarantee. In 2022, the central financial budget arranged for the convergence of rural revitalization subsidy funds (hereinafter referred to as convergence funds) of 165 billion yuan, an increase of 8.476 billion yuan over the previous year, and increased the tilt support for key counties. Guide the relevant transfer payments to support poverty alleviation during the critical period, continue to support all localities to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and promote rural revitalization in an all-round way. Supervise and guide all localities to coordinate and integrate resources from all sides, implement the pilot policy of integrating agricultural funds in poverty-stricken counties, and strengthen the investment guarantee for consolidating the convergence work.

　　The second is to highlight key points and help accurately. In conjunction with relevant departments, the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Convergence of Central Finance and Promoting the Use and Management of Rural Revitalization Grant Funds" was issued to urge and guide all localities to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation by relying more on development. It is clearly required that all localities put the key help counties in a prominent position to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, increase the inclined support for key help counties, and promote the shortcomings and the bottom line. Highlight the key points of financial support, give priority to supporting the development of rich agricultural industries in the agricultural belt, improve the interest linkage mechanism of industrial projects, and ensure that the monitoring targets and the people out of poverty fully benefit. Co-ordinate support for micro-credit interest subsidies, skills training, employment expansion, etc., which are conducive to increasing income, and help the people out of poverty and the monitored objects to continuously increase their income. Support local conditions to fill the shortcomings of necessary small public welfare infrastructure such as rural water supply facilities, and improve the production and living conditions of people in poverty-stricken areas. It is clearly required that the central and local budget units reserve the purchasing share of canteen ingredients at a ratio of not less than 10%, and purchase agricultural and sideline products in poverty-stricken areas through the "832 platform". In the first half of 2022, budget units at all levels purchased a total of 3.8 billion yuan.

　　The third is to improve the efficiency of capital use. We will issue guidance on strengthening the management of the use of bridging funds, and urge all localities to use and manage bridging funds well. Cooperate with relevant departments to organize the third party to carry out the performance evaluation of connecting funds, continuously transmit pressure, and urge and guide local improvement work. Pay attention to strengthening the application of performance evaluation results, and when allocating convergence funds, the provinces with better performance evaluation results will be rewarded by regions, and the incentive funds will be used to support the consolidation of convergence work in accordance with the fund management measures. Regularly dispatch the progress of project implementation and capital expenditure, strengthen the reminder and supervision of key provinces, and promote the implementation of capital policies.

　　(3) Major regional strategies have been implemented in depth.

　　Improve the policy system to promote regional coordinated and balanced development. We will implement the fiscal and taxation support policies such as Hainan’s comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up, xiong’an new area’s initial planning and construction, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s construction, Northeast revitalization, and the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, accelerate the introduction of fiscal and taxation support programs to promote ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, study and improve the financial system and tax sharing in the capital, and constantly establish and improve the policy system of fiscal promotion of regional coordinated and balanced development.

　　Improve the financial security capacity of special types of areas. Further expand the scope of transfer payment subsidies for old revolutionary areas and achieve full coverage of old revolutionary areas and counties across the country. Further increase support for border areas and promote population stability and improvement of people’s livelihood in border areas. Revise and improve the "Measures of the Central Government for Transfer Payment to Local Resource-exhausted Cities" to promote the sustainable economic and social development of resource-based areas.

　　(4) The quality of new urbanization has been steadily improved.

　　We will increase financial support for the citizenization of agricultural transfer population, revise the Measures for the Administration of Incentive Funds for the Citizenization of Agricultural Transfer Population by the Central Government, and further strengthen and standardize the management of incentive funds. In 2022, 40 billion yuan of incentive funds for the urbanization of agricultural transfer population will be issued. Continue to support the construction of sponge cities. In 2022, the central government will allocate 15 billion yuan for urban pipe network and sewage treatment subsidies, implement the demonstration of sponge city construction, and further expand the coverage of demonstration cities. In conjunction with the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, we will jointly organize and carry out demonstration work on the centralized and contiguous protection and utilization of traditional villages, issue a demonstration subsidy fund budget of 1.5 billion yuan, and give quota awards to 40 demonstration counties that have passed the review. Guide and improve the public environment of traditional villages.

　　Eight, continue to improve the ecological environment, green and low-carbon development has achieved new results.

　　Resolutely practice the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, firmly establish the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", scientifically and comprehensively promote ecological protection, vigorously support the construction of a beautiful China with sky blue, green land and clear water, and make new progress in comprehensive green transformation.

　　(1) Efforts to prevent and control pollution have been further intensified.

　　First, the defense of the blue sky continues to deepen. 30 billion yuan was allocated for air pollution prevention and control, a year-on-year increase of 9%. We will expand the scope of support for clean heating in winter in the northern region, and identify 25 new supporting cities such as Qingdao and Harbin through competitive evaluation and selection to promote the transformation and upgrading of energy consumption. We will continue to carry out atmospheric environmental governance and management capacity building, coordinated control of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) pollution, and help achieve the carbon neutrality goal of peak carbon dioxide emissions. In the first half of the year, the concentration of PM2.5 in prefecture-level cities and above decreased by 5.9% year-on-year, and the average number of days with good air quality was 84.6%.

　　Second, the battle for clear water continued to advance. We allocated 23.7 billion yuan for water pollution prevention and control, up 9% year-on-year, and supported local governments to carry out water pollution control, water ecological protection and restoration, centralized drinking water source protection, groundwater ecological environment protection, and water pollution prevention and control supervision capacity building, focusing on the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins. We will carry out pilot projects to control black and odorous water bodies in rural areas nationwide, and select 15 cities, including Jincheng, Shanxi Province, to be included in the first batch of pilot projects, so as to promote local governments to speed up the completion of outstanding shortcomings affecting rural human settlements. In the first half of the year, the proportion of excellent surface water quality sections in China was 85.7%, up 4 percentage points year-on-year; The proportion of inferior class V was 1.1%, down 0.8 percentage points year-on-year.

　　Third, the pure land defense war continued to deepen. We will allocate 4.4 billion yuan for soil pollution prevention and control, support the strengthening of the source control of soil heavy metal pollution such as solid waste left over from heavy metal history and heavy metal emission reduction, increase the support of soil pollution source prevention and control and risk management, and promote the risk management and repair of agricultural land and construction land related to the safety of agricultural products and human settlements.

　　(2) The protection and restoration of ecosystems have been continuously strengthened.

　　First, the management of grass and sand system in landscape forest fields and lakes has been solidly promoted. We will allocate 15 billion yuan to continue the first batch of integrated protection and restoration projects of grass and sand in 10 landscape forest fields and lakes during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period in Oujiang, Zhejiang, and start the second batch of integrated protection and restoration projects of grass and sand in 9 landscape forest fields and lakes during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period in eastern Qinling, Henan and Jingjiang, Hubei, so as to promote the comprehensive management, systematic management and source management of grass and sand in landscape forest fields and lakes as a whole, and effectively improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem.

　　Second, the marine ecological protection and restoration project was implemented in depth. 4.046 billion yuan was allocated to support 16 cities to carry out marine ecological protection and restoration projects, improve the quality of marine ecological environment and enhance the marine ecological carbon sink capacity.

　　Third, the demonstration project of ecological restoration of abandoned mines left over from history was launched and implemented. Eleven demonstration projects for ecological restoration of abandoned mines left over from history, such as Longyan in Fujian and Ya ‘an in Sichuan, were launched to restore damaged mountains and surface vegetation, improve regional ecological conditions and enhance ecosystem quality and service functions.

　　Fourth, the protection and restoration of forest and grass ecosystems have been vigorously carried out. Promote the protection of natural forests, returning farmland to forests and grasslands, and ecological restoration and management of grasslands, implement the policy of forest resources management and protection and ecological rangers, strengthen wetland protection and restoration, wildlife protection, strengthen the construction of camellia oleifera, and fire prevention and control of forest and grassland pests, accelerate the construction of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body, and reward places where the full implementation of the forest length system has achieved remarkable results.

　　(3) peak carbon dioxide emissions’s carbon neutrality was promoted in an orderly manner.

　　Adhere to the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth, grasp the rhythm and intensity, and do a good job in carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions step by step. To study and put forward opinions on financial support for carbon neutrality in peak carbon dioxide emissions, and comprehensively use financial funds guidance, tax adjustment, diversified investment, government green procurement and other policies and measures to do a good job in financial security. Support the development of green and low-carbon industries and technical research, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction in key areas and industries. Improve green procurement standards, increase the government procurement of energy-saving and environmental protection products, and the procurement scale accounts for more than 85% of the government procurement scale of similar products, and guide six pilot cities such as Shaoxing to carry out government procurement to support the application and promotion of green building materials and green buildings. At present, the amount of projects included in the pilot is about 100 billion yuan. Improve clean energy support policies and vigorously develop renewable energy. Support 20 pilot demonstration projects of land greening, scientifically promote large-scale land greening actions, and promote the enhancement of carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems.

　　Nine, optimize policies and measures to effectively protect the basic livelihood of the people.

　　Improving people’s livelihood and well-being is the fundamental purpose of development. The financial department has always adhered to the people-centered development thought, tried its best to do what it can, strived to protect and improve people’s livelihood in development, and constantly enhanced people’s sense of acquisition, happiness and security.

　　(a) timely response to epidemic prevention and control and natural disaster relief needs.

　　First, effectively protect the vaccine and vaccination costs in Covid-19. Timely arrange funds to support the scientific and rapid disposal of local outbreaks. Strengthen the financial guarantee for vaccination, drug research and development, and include local epidemic prevention-related funds in the scope of "three guarantees" to ensure that the epidemic prevention and control and medical treatment will not be affected by financial problems.

　　The second is to effectively implement natural disaster relief work. At the first time, the mechanism of rapid allocation of funds was started, and 910 million yuan of central natural disaster relief funds were pre-allocated to support the Lushan earthquake in Sichuan, floods in Liaoning, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Guizhou, Hunan and Jiangxi, typhoons in Hainan and Yunnan, droughts in Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi, and effectively protect people’s lives and property. The central government subsidized 790 million yuan for renting aircraft for local forest and grassland aviation fire fighting to support the fire prevention and extinguishing work in forest and grassland. Issue the central emergency rescue and relief materials reserve procurement plan to enrich the flood control, drought relief and domestic relief materials reserve inventory.

　　The third is to steadily improve the ability to prevent and control extra-large geological disasters. 5 billion yuan will be allocated to support local governments to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control system and capacity building for the comprehensive management of extra-large geological disasters and the investigation and evaluation, monitoring and early warning of geological disasters in key areas.

　　(2) Promote the high-quality development of education.

　　First, investment in education has grown steadily. Adhere to giving priority to education as a national strategic investment. In 2022, the national general public budget allocated education expenditure of 4,152.1 billion yuan, an increase of 10.4% over the previous year. In the first half of the year, it spent 1,920.8 billion yuan, an increase of 4.2% over the same period of last year.

　　The second is to steadily promote educational equity. Through the general public budget, 324 billion yuan was allocated for related transfer payments in the fields of basic education and student financial assistance, up 5.7% year-on-year, supporting local governments to consolidate and improve the funding guarantee mechanism for urban and rural compulsory education, implementing the nutrition improvement plan for rural compulsory education students, further promoting the improvement of weak links and capacity of compulsory education, strengthening the construction of rural teachers, expanding inclusive preschool education resources by both public and private institutions, improving the basic conditions for running ordinary high schools in counties, and implementing student financial assistance policies at all educational stages.

　　The third is to enhance the ability of education to serve economic and social development. Support local governments to improve the per capita funding level of vocational education, and promote the construction of high-level vocational schools and specialties with China characteristics. We will continue to optimize and improve the budget allocation system of central universities and support them to improve the quality and development level of running schools. Support local governments to reform and improve the budget allocation system of local colleges and universities, consolidate and improve the per capita allocation level of local colleges and universities, guide local governments to increase investment in higher education, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of local colleges and universities.

　　(3) Steadily promote the construction of a health and wellness system.

　　Promote the effective improvement of health service level. A subsidy of 68.5 billion yuan for basic public health services was issued to support the provision of basic public health services such as health education, vaccination and health management of key populations to residents free of charge. The per capita financial subsidy standard for basic public health service funds is raised from 79 yuan to 84 yuan per person per year. A subsidy of 32.3 billion yuan was issued to improve the medical service and support capacity, which promoted the comprehensive reform of public hospitals, the training of health personnel, the capacity building of medical and health institutions, and the inheritance and development of Chinese medicine. Support grass-roots medical and health institutions to implement the national basic drug system, implement the family planning service guarantee, carry out the prevention and control of major infectious diseases such as AIDS prevention and control, tuberculosis prevention and control, and promote the implementation of the national immunization program.

　　Promote the steady development of medical security. Reasonably raise the financing standard of medical insurance for urban and rural residents, issue 373.628 billion yuan of medical insurance subsidy funds for urban and rural residents, and increase the per capita financial subsidy standard of medical insurance for urban and rural residents by 30 yuan, reaching no less than 610 yuan per person per year. Consolidate the role of medical assistance in ensuring the bottom, issue medical assistance subsidy funds of 31.695 billion yuan, subsidize eligible people in difficulty to participate in insurance, subsidize their unaffordable basic medical expenses, and carry out emergency assistance for diseases. Strengthen the construction of medical insurance service capacity, issue a subsidy of 4.295 billion yuan for medical insurance service capacity construction, and support the work of medical insurance informationization, fund supervision, reform of medical insurance payment methods, centralized procurement of medical consumables, and price reform of medical services.

　　(4) Constantly improve the social security system.

　　First, the endowment insurance system has been further improved. Allocate 124 billion yuan of national overall adjustment funds for the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees in advance, and rationally adjust the surplus and shortage of funds between regions. 926.4 billion yuan of basic pension transfer payment was issued to support local governments to issue basic pensions in full and on time. Adjust the basic pension level of retirees in enterprises, institutions and institutions, and raise the national minimum standard of basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents. Further improve the national overall planning system and policy system, and promote the smooth implementation of the national overall planning system for endowment insurance.

　　Second, the coverage of the industrial injury and unemployment insurance system has gradually expanded. Accelerate the provincial-level co-ordination of industrial injury and unemployment insurance, improve the fund’s ability to resist risks, and ensure the timely and full payment of benefits and the fair and sustainable operation of the fund. Cooperate with relevant departments to carry out the pilot work of occupational injury protection in new employment forms and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers in new employment forms.

　　Third, the protection of the people in difficulty has been continuously strengthened. The central government issued a subsidy of 154.683 billion yuan to help people in need, supported all localities to do a solid job in helping people in need, timely included eligible objects in the scope of policies such as subsistence allowances, and issued additional one-time living allowances for low-income objects and extremely poor people. Strengthen the assistance to unemployed people who have not participated in unemployment insurance and have no source of income, and issue one-time temporary assistance to unemployed people who meet the conditions and have difficulties in life.

　　(5) gradually improve housing security.

　　Efforts will be made to solve the housing difficulties of low-income families, new citizens and young people in cities and towns, and improve the living conditions of residents in shanty towns and old communities. Strengthen policy coordination and convergence. Focus on the development of affordable rental housing. Encourage local governments to fill shortcomings according to local conditions, rationally arrange public rental housing and affordable rental housing plans, comprehensively use physical security and rental subsidies, and take multiple measures to solve outstanding housing problems. Strengthen the performance management of urban affordable housing projects to ensure that policies are effective. In 2022, the central government allocated 70.8 billion yuan in subsidies for affordable housing projects in cities and towns, including 99,000 sets of public rental housing, 839,000 sets of affordable rental housing, 1.188 million sets of shantytowns and 50,900 old communities, involving 8.222 million households. We issued a subsidy of 6.28 billion yuan for the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas, and continued to support the renovation of dilapidated houses and rural houses for key targets such as low-income groups in rural areas.

　　(6) Promoting the vigorous development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries.

　　Support the integration of urban and rural public cultural service systems. The central government allocated 23.439 billion yuan for the construction of public cultural service system, supported the innovative implementation of the project of benefiting the people through culture, and guaranteed the basic cultural rights and interests of the people. Strengthen the protection and utilization of cultural relics and historical sites and the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage. Important progress has been made in the protection of revolutionary cultural relics and cave temples. We will continue to systematically record the representative inheritors of national intangible cultural heritage, and support the high-quality promotion of the construction of national cultural parks such as the Great Wall, the Grand Canal, the Long March, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, and the construction of national version pavilions. Support the creation of fine literary works and the cultivation of talents. Arrange relevant funds and special funds to support literary and artistic creation and promotion in the fields of stage art, literature, publishing, film and television, documentaries, etc., and promote the construction of a talent team in the field of propaganda and ideological culture. Help the development of cultural tourism industry, implement tourism relief support policies, and support tourism to tide over difficulties and resume development. Promote the deepening reform of central cultural enterprises and promote the high-quality development of cultural industries. Promote the construction of a sports power and support the successful hosting of the Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympic Winter Games.

　　Ten, deepen the reform and strengthen the management of coordinated progress, to further strengthen the supervision of financial management.

　　Actively play a breakthrough and leading role in fiscal reform, continue to deepen the reform of fiscal and taxation system around the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity, further consolidate financial management supervision measures, and continuously improve the level of fiscal governance.

　　(1) Accelerate the establishment of a modern fiscal and taxation system, and give full play to the effectiveness of fiscal governance.

　　First, the reform of the budget management system continued to advance. Implement the "Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Budget Management System" and push the budget management level to a new level. Deepen the publicity of the budget and further improve the transparency of the budget. Improve the performance management system, accelerate the construction of an all-round, whole-process and full-coverage budget performance management system, promote the quality and efficiency of budget performance management, and further improve the allocation efficiency and use efficiency of financial resources.

　　Second, the reform of the tax system has been deepening. We will implement a larger-scale combined tax and fee support policy, improve the VAT credit and tax rebate system, and expand the industry scope of the full refund of VAT credit and tax rebate policy. Further improve the personal income tax system that combines comprehensiveness and classification, and set up a special additional deduction for personal income tax for infant care under 3 years old. Do a good job in the connection of relevant preferential policies after the implementation of the stamp tax law, and further clarify the policy implementation caliber of stamp duty. Implement the statutory principle of taxation and actively promote the legislation of value-added tax, consumption tax, customs duties and other taxes. Improve the local tax system, combined with consumption tax legislation, study and promote the reform of the backward consumption tax collection link.

　　Third, the financial system is improving day by day. We will implement the reform plan for the division of financial powers and expenditure responsibilities between the central and local governments in the fields of health care, transportation and natural resources, and further clarify the scope of responsibilities between the central and local governments. Improve the relevant transfer payment management measures, rationally arrange transfer payment funds, improve the central-local balanced transfer payment methods, and standardize the transfer payment management of the central government to local resource-exhausted cities and key ecological function areas. Submitted to the General Office of the State Council for printing and distributing the Guiding Opinions on Further Promoting the Reform of the Financial System below the provincial level, and further rationalizing the financial relations between the governments below the provincial level.

　　Fourth, reforms in the fields of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises have been steadily advanced. Implement the work related to the three-year reform of state-owned enterprises and promote the further deepening of the reform of state-owned state-owned enterprises. Improve the state-owned assets management system and speed up the revision of the Measures for the Administration of State-owned Assets Evaluation. Improve the reporting system of state-owned assets management. Deepen the reform of state-owned financial capital management and carry out special actions for the registration of property rights of state-owned financial capital. Study and improve the authorized management system of state-owned financial institutions and promote the reform of key state-owned financial enterprises.

　　(2) Accelerate the integration of construction budget management, and steadily improve the level of budget management informationization.

　　The integration of budget management takes unified business norms and technical standards as the core and integrated information system as the carrier, aiming at promoting the integration, coordination and efficiency of various budget management systems, which is the main support and important content for further deepening the reform of budget management systems. According to the deployment requirements of the State Council’s "Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Budget Management System", the Ministry of Finance has accelerated the overall operation of budget management integration. The integration of central budget management was fully promoted and implemented on the basis of successful pilot projects, and all central budget units carried out the compilation and compilation of the central department budget in 2023 through the integrated system of central budget management. The budget execution business is switched to the central budget management integration system in three batches. All local provinces have realized the online operation of the integrated budget management system, and basically covered the financial departments and budget units at the provincial, city and county levels. The local budget management integration system is connected with the national budget management data collection system, uploading financial budget data at all levels on a daily basis, realizing automatic collection of budget data and automatic tracking of transfer payment funds, which provides a powerful starting point for realizing overall planning of financial resources, adjusting and optimizing expenditure structure and improving the direct mechanism of normalized financial funds.

　　(3) Strengthen the prevention and resolution of major risks, and firmly hold the bottom line of no systemic risks.

　　Actively prevent and resolve local government debt risks. Adhere to the principle of opening the "front door" and strictly blocking the "back door" to form an effective "closed loop" system. In combination with the financial situation and debt risks in various places, reasonably calculate the debt limits in different regions, control the scale of new local government debt limits in high-risk areas, and avoid the continuous accumulation of risks; Strengthen information sharing and collaborative supervision among departments, unify understanding, unified caliber and unified supervision, and form a joint force of supervision; Resolutely curb the increase of implicit debt, steadily and orderly resolve the stock of implicit debt, publicly report the typical cases of implicit debt accountability, and play the role of accountability warning; Promote the disclosure of local government debt information and improve the transparency of local government debt. Effectively guard against the operational risks of grass-roots finance. Start the monitoring and early warning mechanism of treasury security in key counties and districts of the country, monitor the balance and security level of treasury on a daily basis, and give early warning to counties and districts with low security level of treasury. After receiving the early warning notice, the relevant provincial financial departments will understand and verify the situation at the first time and urge them to deal with it. Cooperate with the prevention and resolution of financial risks, cooperate with the establishment of financial stability guarantee funds, cooperate with the promotion of financial legislation, base on financial functions, adhere to the principles of marketization and rule of law, and support the proper response to various potential risks.

　　(4) Strict financial discipline and effective financial supervision.

　　First, strengthen the construction of accounting supervision system and mechanism. To study and draft the Opinions on Further Strengthening Accounting Supervision, and promote the improvement of accounting supervision system and working mechanism. Solidly promote the revision process of the Accounting Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Certified Public Accountants and the Regulations on Penalties and Punishment for Financial Violations, and introduce such institutional measures as the Measures for Supervision and Inspection of Accounting Firms, the Measures for Management of Self-examination and Self-correction Reports of Accounting Firms, and the Measures for Integrated Management of Accounting Firms, and strive to build a long-term institutional mechanism for accounting supervision.

　　The second is to conscientiously perform the duties of accounting supervision. We will continue to rectify the accounting and auditing order, and carry out rectification of accounting firms’ "unlicensed operation", online sales of audit reports, certified public accountants’ nominal practice, and certified public accountants’ practice beyond their competence. We will do a solid job in the special inspection of major cases in the accounting field, such as the practice quality of some accounting firms, announce the inspection and punishment of accounting firms in 2021, and promote the healthy development of the CPA industry. Improve the information supervision and service level of the CPA industry, launch a unified supervision platform for the CPA industry, and unify the entry and business handling rules for the CPA industry. We will implement nationwide verification codes for audit reports and promote the establishment of a single source system for audit report data. Promote some listed companies, accounting firms and banking financial institutions to carry out the pilot work of bank letters and certificates.

　　The third is to strengthen financial supervision and evaluation. Focus on the central government’s major decision-making arrangements and key areas, organize special inspections on hidden debts of local governments, financial operations in low-income counties, illegal return of income, and management of local financial accounts, continue to promote rectification of illegal construction of buildings and halls, strengthen overall guidance, and standardize financial management. We will continue to increase the intensity of key performance evaluation, focusing on key areas such as science and technology, culture, agriculture and rural areas, and organize 72 projects with 1.3 trillion yuan of funds to carry out financial key performance evaluation. For the first time, we will include the issuance of government bonds and interest payments, infrastructure investment projects at the central level, and state-owned capital operating budget projects at the central level. Do a good job in post-evaluation of transfer payment and major expenditure policies, and improve the efficiency of transfer payment funds and the effectiveness of major expenditure policies.

　　XI. Prospect of fiscal policy

　　In the second half of the year, the Ministry of Finance will adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, fully implement the requirements of preventing the epidemic, stabilizing the economy and ensuring safety in development, effectively coordinate the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic and social development, better coordinate development and safety, implement a detailed and solid package of policies and measures to stabilize the economy, continue to do a good job of "six stabilities" and "six guarantees", and actively expand demand.

　　(1) Implement a proactive fiscal policy. We will continue to implement various combined tax and fee support policies and continue to release policy dividends. Seriously study and solve the outstanding problems reflected by market players, urge local governments to strengthen policy support, tap their own potential, increase support, and continue to help market players bail out development. Make good use of local government special bond funds and support local governments to make full use of special debt limits. Compacting the responsibilities of competent departments and project units, implementing the early warning mechanism of expenditure progress notification, and promoting the formation of physical workload as soon as possible. Strengthen the linkage between fiscal and monetary policies, support the landing of policy-oriented development financial instruments, and realize the comprehensive effect of expanding effective investment, promoting employment and promoting consumption.

　　(2) Strengthen financial support for major strategic tasks. Adhere to the problem orientation, continue to promote the breakthrough of key core technologies in key areas, support enterprises to strengthen technological research and development, and continuously improve their scientific and technological innovation capabilities. Support the overall promotion of key tasks of rural development, rural construction and rural governance, and firmly hold the bottom line of ensuring national food security. We will implement relevant fiscal and taxation policies to support the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, and the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, so as to promote coordinated regional development. Support the vigorous development of renewable energy, and support the work of ensuring energy supply and price stability. Improve the emergency safeguard mechanism, improve the national reserve system and market regulation mechanism.

　　(3) Effectively safeguard and improve people’s livelihood. Actively respond to the epidemic, disaster, hot weather and other influences, and help the unemployed, those who need to be included in the minimum living allowance, and those who are temporarily in trouble in time. In terms of protection and assistance, the expansion of the encirclement should be guaranteed, and the basic livelihood of the people in need should be guaranteed. Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, accelerate the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization, ensure that there is no large-scale return to poverty, and continuously improve the production and living conditions of people out of poverty. Broaden market-oriented employment channels, encourage enterprises to absorb employment through social security subsidies, venture loans, tax reduction and exemption, implement preferential policies to guide graduates to work at the grassroots level, and do everything possible to stabilize and expand employment. Continue to ensure that pensions are paid in full and on time, and do a good job in people’s livelihood such as compulsory education, basic medical care and basic housing.

　　(4) Strengthening the management of fiscal revenue and expenditure. Increase the overall planning of budget revenue, organize fiscal revenue according to laws and regulations, and vigorously revitalize existing funds. Strengthen budget constraints and performance management, accelerate the construction of expenditure standard system, further standardize expenditure management and optimize expenditure structure. Accelerate the overall operation of the integrated budget management system and improve the standardized, scientific and standardized level of budget management at all levels. Adhere to the government’s tight life, strictly implement the reduction of non-urgent and non-rigid expenditures, and free up more funds to stabilize market players, stabilize employment and protect people’s livelihood.

　　(5) Strengthen financial sustainability. Further deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system and accelerate the establishment of a modern fiscal system. In combination with promoting the reform of the financial system below the provincial level, we will improve the ability of grassroots financial security and firmly grasp the bottom line of "three guarantees" at the grassroots level. Regularly carry out the management verification of the use of special bond funds, strictly implement the management requirements of the negative list of special bonds, and ensure that the funds are used in compliance with the law. Strengthen departmental information sharing and collaborative supervision, resolutely curb new hidden debts of local governments, and support local governments to resolve hidden debts in an orderly manner.

　　(six) further serious financial discipline. Strengthen supervision and inspection around the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and promote the implementation of major fiscal and taxation policies. We will continue to standardize the order of financial auditing and increase penalties for financial fraud and other illegal acts. Improve the accounting supervision system and working mechanism, strengthen the coordination between accounting supervision and other supervision, make full use of modern information technology means such as "internet plus Supervision" and big data, and improve the supervision ability and effectiveness.

With the rising cost of online and offline customer acquisition in recent years, many businesses are caught in traffic anxiety. If a mature offline brand wants to quickly open online marketing channels and get twice the result with half the effort, is there any low-cost and efficient method?

Hangzhou Kaimeng is a service provider that helps offline brands to make digital transformation and traffic growth. Up to now, the number of cooperative businesses has exceeded 50, including Mao Geping, Nature Hall, Kans and other beauty head chain brands. As a service provider deeply involved in Alipay platform, Kaimeng launched Alipay applet for Mao Geping in May last year, and helped Mao Geping actively expand online marketing with its powerful public domain traffic and its own rich operation methods.

Recently, Kaimeng noticed that Alipay upgraded its "Star Plan", and announced that it would subsidize over 10 billion public domain traffic within six months, and open core public domains such as Alipay homepage card and payment success page. Kaimeng knew that this was a good opportunity to use Alipay public domain to help businesses grow up in private domain, so it seized the bonus period and took the lead in opening a more efficient online customer acquisition channel for Mao Geping, achieving a great effect.

First, master the platform subsidy policy and seize the first-Mover advantage of traffic

The basic rule of "Star Project" is that merchants first attract users to visit Alipay applets by guiding users to scan code, actively search, card package, my applet, life number and messages. According to the monthly user access increment, Alipay will calculate the incentive points and return them to the merchants, who can use these points in the public domain such as the payment success page to make greater promotion.

Through various activities in the early stage, Kaimeng has helped Mao Geping to accumulate huge user assets, and established a return visit path and recall means for users. Now, these return visits can be converted into incentive points through the Star Project, which will be put into a new round of promotion and attract more users to visit. This is equivalent to the free traffic that the platform sends to merchants.

Second, actively do a good job in daily private domain operations and obtain more incentive income.

Mao Geping has actively participated in various activities and games since launching Alipay applet. In fact, these actions were not for the "Star Project" at the beginning, but they needed to carry out these operations themselves.

"Star Plan" is a traffic incentive plan, which can also be understood as a traffic amplifier. It provides a proportional return of traffic for businesses that meet the incentive conditions. Therefore, there is a premise here, that is, to obtain traffic incentives, we must first do a good job in daily operations, especially the means of building private domain capabilities and recalling them. These are the key points of policy incentives.

Third, improve the closed loop of traffic and enhance the delivery effect.

In the process of participating in the "Star Project", merchants should also do a good job in link design to form a positive cycle of increasing traffic. Considering the price, past transformation data and stock preparation, Mao Geping locked in the products, and after careful design and early testing, we can clearly see the effect and value brought by the Star Project in the process, and constantly optimize the promotion strategy according to the data.

Up to now, Kaimeng has helped Mao Geping to launch the incentive points obtained through the Star Project for three times, and finally gained over 46 million exposures and over 2.5 million direct conversion hits.

Kaimeng believes that Alipay’s "Star Plan" is very effective for merchants’ traffic blessing, brand influence shaping and private domain users precipitation. If there are service providers who have mastered mature methodology, there will be more opportunities for merchants.

　　On July 24th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader presided over the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting to analyze and study the current economic situation and plan the economic work in the second half of the year. The meeting pointed out that "we should make good use of policy space, find the right direction of development, and solidly promote high-quality economic development" and "we should continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, continue, optimize, improve and implement the tax reduction and fee reduction policy, give play to the role of aggregate and structural monetary policy tools, and vigorously support scientific and technological innovation, the real economy and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises."

　　Since the beginning of this year, various regions and departments have successively introduced policies and measures to support the development of the majority of business entities. With the gradual implementation of the policy, the burden on enterprises has been further reduced, the development confidence has become more sufficient, and the development vitality has been enhanced. In the first half of the year, the country added 927.9 billion yuan in tax reduction and fee reduction and tax refund deferral; Small and medium-sized enterprises benefited the most, with 576.6 billion yuan of new tax reduction and fee reduction and tax refund deferral, accounting for about 62%.

　　Solve difficult problems, reduce burdens, and help enterprises climb the slopes.

　　Since the beginning of this year, macroeconomic policies have remained continuous, stable and targeted, and coordination and cooperation of various policies have been strengthened; All localities actively innovate the means and methods of assistance, improve the effectiveness of policy implementation, help enterprises ease the pressure of operation, enhance the confidence to tide over difficulties and expand production, and achieve recovery and development.

　　— — Give full play to the dual functions of monetary policy tools in aggregate and structure, and provide credit support for enterprises.

　　"The tea garden has the right to help enterprises get through financing, and our spring tea has achieved both production and sales." Wang Genhai, head of fuding city Haiyun Zhenpin Tea Industry Co., Ltd., said.

　　"It is difficult to confirm the right, which is the financing blocking point of agriculture-related enterprises. Fuding city actively carries out the registration of production factors such as mountains, tea gardens, orchards and factories. On this basis, financial institutions tailor credit products according to the actual needs of enterprises with special agricultural products to promote agriculture-related enterprises ‘ Changing resources into assets and assets into funds ’ 。” The relevant person in charge of the Fujian Supervision Bureau of the State Financial Supervision Administration said.

　　Structural monetary policy tools "focus on key points, be reasonable and moderate, advance and retreat", and continue to increase support for key areas and weak links of the national economy such as inclusive finance and scientific and technological innovation. At the end of June, the balance of Pratt & Whitney small and micro loans increased by 26.1% year-on-year, 14.8 percentage points higher than the growth rate of various loans; In the first half of the year, the weighted average interest rate of new corporate loans was 3.96%, 25 basis points lower than the same period of the previous year.

　　In the first half of the year, the People’s Bank of China lowered the RRR by 0.25 percentage point, releasing long-term liquidity, enhancing the stability and sustainability of total credit growth, and effectively serving the real economy. RMB loans increased by 15.73 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.02 trillion yuan over the same period of last year.

　　Funds are guaranteed to help the majority of business entities grow up.

　　— — The tax and fee support policies are combined with institutional arrangements and phased measures to reduce the tax and fee burden for enterprises.

　　"Since last year, one tax reduction and fee reduction policy after another has helped us tide over the difficulties." Huang Fei, chairman of Hometown Edge Catering Co., Ltd. in Qiyang City, Hunan Province, said, "In the first half of this year, the policy continued to be optimized. By the end of June, we had enjoyed 97,000 yuan tax reduction and exemption, the funds for purchasing raw materials were guaranteed, and the money for increasing the open-air dining area and attracting new customers was also settled. "

　　Continue and optimize the income tax policies of small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households; Reduce the VAT rate of small-scale taxpayers to 1%; Small-scale taxpayers with monthly sales of 100,000 yuan or less are exempted from value-added tax … … The finance and taxation departments have issued a series of preferential tax policies that continue to be optimized and innovated. Small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households have a heavy tax package.

　　— — Return subsidies, supply and demand docking and other measures simultaneously to enhance the ability of enterprises to stabilize their posts and expand their posts.

　　Focusing on the new situation and characteristics of employment and entrepreneurship, various regions and departments have implemented a series of policies and measures to enhance the ability of enterprises to stabilize and expand their posts. Inner Mongolia continues to accurately distribute the stable post return funds directly to eligible enterprises through the "free application and instant enjoyment" model; Heilongjiang provides employment service commissioners for enterprises with strong employment-driven ability, and provides a package of support measures such as employment and training; In Guangdong, high-speed railway station is also a "employment station", which realizes the rapid docking between supply and demand of "recruitment when leaving the gate" and "post selection when arriving at the station" … …

　　In the first quarter, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and other departments jointly launched Spring Breeze Action and Employment Assistance Month, and held a total of 58,000 recruitment activities; Solidly carry out vocational skills training, issue more than 2.61 million vocational training vouchers, and carry out subsidized vocational skills training for 3.5 million people nationwide.

　　"Various policies to help enterprises and benefit enterprises have maintained continuity and stability, enhanced accuracy and pertinence, and helped enterprises to ease operational pressure, tide over difficulties, expand production and achieve recovery and development." Ceng Gang, director of Shanghai Finance and Development Laboratory, said.

　　Small and medium-sized enterprises are the main body of private enterprises. The data shows that since the beginning of this year, the development of private enterprises in China has recovered, showing strong resilience and vitality. In the first five months, 3.764 million private enterprises were newly established, a year-on-year increase of 17.2%, 6.5 percentage points faster than the growth rate in the first quarter. By the end of May, there were 86.92 million tax-related business entities nationwide, up 7.5% year-on-year.

　　"The recently released Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Development and Growth of the Private Economy proposes to formulate and implement various support policies accurately, respond to concerns and interests in a timely manner, and effectively solve practical difficulties. This is a great encouragement to us, inspiring us to continue to work hard and making us more confident in the future of private enterprises. " Wang Genhai said.

　　Increase kinetic energy and vitality, and save stamina for long-term development

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Jiangsu: "It is necessary to strengthen the dominant position of scientific and technological innovation of enterprises, promote the gathering of innovative elements to enterprises, and constantly improve the level of transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements."

　　All regions and departments focus on long-term development, and the policy of benefiting enterprises focuses on stimulating the greater potential of various business entities, providing strong support for promoting sustainable economic growth.

　　— — Encourage R&D investment and help enterprises to shape new development momentum with technological innovation.

　　Fujian Xiamen Tuobao Technology Co., Ltd. is a state-level specialized and special new enterprise focusing on the intelligent overall solution of independent power supply system. In the first half of the year, the company signed a large order, but faced with a large funding gap. China Merchants Bank Xiamen Branch used the re-lending policy of scientific and technological innovation to provide enterprises with special credit support of 30 million yuan in time to help enterprises better apply their innovations.

　　By the end of June, the loan balance of specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises nationwide was 2.72 trillion yuan, an increase of 459.8 billion yuan over the same period of last year, maintaining a growth rate of more than 20% for 14 consecutive months; The loan balance of technology-based SMEs was 2.36 trillion yuan, an increase of 472.7 billion yuan over the same period of last year, with a growth rate of 25.1%.

　　Implement tax incentives and financial incentives to support scientific and technological innovation, establish a normalized working mechanism for financial support enterprises’ scientific and technological innovation system, and improve the mechanism of Industry-University-Research’s achievements docking and industrialization … … The departments of finance, taxation, finance, science and technology should deepen cooperation, unite policy efforts, guide enterprises to increase investment in R&D, enhance their scientific and technological innovation capabilities, and "squat and accumulate strength" for long-term development.

　　— — Guide development expectations and encourage private enterprises to show their talents in the field of "four new economies".

　　During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to stimulate the vitality of private capital investment, encourage and attract more private capital to participate in the construction of major national projects and key industrial chain supply chain projects, and make greater contributions to building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development.

　　Beijing launched the first batch of public promotion projects to private capital, with a total of 149 projects to be promoted, with a total investment of 130.8 billion yuan; Shaanxi will upgrade the non-governmental investment projects included in the list of key projects at the city and county levels in terms of land use and environmental assessment … … Since the beginning of this year, all localities have provided strong guarantees, excellent services and implemented them, creating a good environment for all kinds of business entities to invest and start businesses and stimulating their internal vitality. A large number of private enterprises are striving for the first place in the "four new economies" with new technologies, new industries, new formats and new models, and the development momentum is good. By the end of May, there were more than 25 million private enterprises in China’s "four new economies". In the first five months, 2.15 million private enterprises in the "four new economies" were newly established, accounting for 57.1% of the newly established private enterprises.

　　— — Consolidate infrastructure, promote enterprises to "cluster" and create new development advantages.

　　In recent days, in Luojiang Economic Development Zone, Deyang City, Sichuan Province, the newly-built high-standard industrial sewage treatment plant is undergoing the overall commissioning of water inflow, and is ready to be put into operation formally to better meet the sewage treatment needs of high-end manufacturing enterprises. Zhou Xiaolin, director of the Management Committee of Luojiang Economic Development Zone, said that in view of the characteristics of the advanced materials industry, the local government is actively supporting the construction of modern factories and optimizing public services. "Today, high-performance fiber and composite materials, polymer materials and photoelectric materials enterprises ‘ In droves ’ Come and settle down, aggregate the industrial ecology and enlarge the competitive advantage. "

　　Guangxi actively promotes the construction of intelligent transportation and promotes the landing of new digital, networked and intelligent transportation infrastructure; Tianjin focuses on building 5G base stations to promote industrial digitalization and digital industrialization … … The construction of new infrastructure will be accelerated, which will promote the deep integration of digital economy with advanced manufacturing and modern service industries, and help modern industrial clusters and digital industrial parks in various places to flourish.

　　"Strengthening infrastructure construction is conducive to building a foundation for high-quality development and providing a broader growth space for various business entities." Shao Yu, chief economist of orient securities, said.

　　Stabilize expectations, provide excellent service, and plant fertile soil for the growth of business entities.

　　The the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting held on April 28th pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to the "Two Unswervings", remove the legal and regulatory obstacles and hidden barriers that affect the fair competition and common development of enterprises of all types, continuously boost the confidence of business entities and help enterprises recover.

　　The business environment is not the best, only better. The tax authorities use tax big data to accurately match the needs of taxpayers. This year, 229 million preferential tax and fee policies have been accurately pushed; The market supervision department strengthens intelligent supervision, establishes a full electronic business license database, actively expands application scenarios, and greatly saves manpower, paperwork and time costs & HELIP; … Since the beginning of this year, all localities and departments have further promoted the reform of key areas of the business environment, promoted the quality and efficiency of government services, and planted fertile ground for the growth and growth of business entities.

　　— — Excellent process, speed, decompression and loosening for enterprises.

　　"Our business involves many fields. Since the Electronic Taxation Bureau realized the comprehensive declaration of multiple taxes, it can complete the declaration and tax payment of related taxes in one interface, which not only saves time, improves work efficiency, but also reduces the cost of human resources." Song Chuqiao, deputy director of the Financial Management Center of Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Co., Ltd. said.

　　Smooth the domestic and international double circulation, and actively unblock and connect the breakpoints. Carry out "multi-tax integration" comprehensive declaration, streamline enterprise registration documents and materials, and a series of specific measures to optimize the business environment are targeted, so that enterprises can let go of their hands and feet for development; We have expanded the pilot scope of facilitation measures such as "direct delivery by ship", "direct loading in Hong Kong" and "joint loading and unloading". Export tax rebates have been accelerated again and again, supporting policies and services have been continuously improved, and enterprises have more confidence in exploring overseas markets.

　　— — Zero distance, non-contact, government service is smarter.

　　Information "runs the road" instead of taxpayers "running errands". By the end of June, the country had handled more than 270,000 cross-provincial electronic tax payments, and the tax payment exceeded 38 billion yuan, exceeding 85% of the annual business volume and 65% of the tax payment in 2022 respectively; A total of 197 commercial banks launched cross-provincial and off-site electronic tax payment services, an increase of 43 over 2022; There are 180 commercial banks that support real-time tax deduction and bank-side tax payment inquiry, accounting for more than 90%.

　　Qingdao, Shandong Province provides enterprises with a variety of personalized examination and approval service modes, such as "doing it offline once", "doing it online all the time" and "doing it near the door". An integrated government service platform was built and put into operation in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi, and the government service system at the national, provincial and municipal levels was opened. Guangdong and Guangzhou speed up the improvement of the digital enterprise service platform, allowing enterprises to choose their own "packages", and one application can handle multiple matters … … All localities actively explore, focus on the needs and expectations of business entities, and provide accurate, convenient and intelligent services for enterprises by digital means.

　　Li Xuhong, a professor at Beijing National Accounting Institute, believes that to persist in focusing on the real economy, we must be steady and down-to-earth, and we must be brave enough to open up new fields and new tracks and cultivate new competitive advantages. In the second half of the year, we should continue to implement various policies that have been promulgated, at the same time actively promote policy optimization and deepening reform, combine the effectiveness of policies with the vitality of business entities, and promote the effective improvement of quality and reasonable growth of the economy.

　　"From the first world internet conference in 2014 to the present, Wuzhen has gradually become a sample and window for the development of the Internet in the world. In recent years, I have always felt the little changes in the ancient town." Jiang Fuliang, the driver of car ferry in Wuzhen Xizha Scenic Area, has worked here for nearly 10 years. Whenever a passenger talks to him about this wise ancient town, this Wuzhen fellow always likes to talk about these words.

　　Wuzhen is unique because of its unique style of "every family has a pillow river and a small bridge with flowing water"; Wuzhen, as the permanent meeting place of world internet conference (also known as "Wuzhen Summit"), witnessed the "butterfly road" in the Internet age. In the view of Sheng Yongjun, secretary of Tongxiang Municipal Committee of Zhejiang Province, Wuzhen used to be a symbol of tourism, and later evolved into a symbol of drama and culture. Now it has become a symbol of the Internet and digital economy.

　　In the past five years, what "net stories" have been staged in this Millennium ancient town between white walls and black tiles? What changes have taken place here after the dividend accumulation of the previous four Wuzhen Summits?

　　Internet Town "Renovating" Dream Water Town

　　"One brick, one tile, one bridge and one pavilion in the scenic spot are coming from the 8K ultra-HD picture … …” With the help of the low delay and high speed of 5G, people basically realized the synchronization of "I am on the scene" and "I am on the TV screen" through the 5G experience car screen next to the business hall of Zhejiang Mobile Wuzhen Fenshuidun. At present, a number of 5G base stations in Wuzhen are being opened one after another. During this summit, the construction of 5G trial network will be launched in Wuzhen.

　　Only by double verification of "ID card+face", no one can participate in the hotel from check-in to check-out. In the natural and cultural village of Tanjia Qixiang, Wuzhen, which is less than 200 meters away from Wuzhen Xizha Scenic Area, a smart homestay experience has recently been launched. "Through ‘ Full portrait routing hub ’ The system is connected in series with almost all the intelligent subsystems of the hotel. Visitors can not only control TV, air conditioner and curtains, but also experience wireless charging. " Zhu Zhaokui, the person in charge of the hotel project, said.

　　Not far from Smart B&B, Wuzhen Zhicai Primary School is famous for "Internet+Education". Here, students’ foreign language classes can not only be taught by foreign teachers through the network, but also 3D printing, drones and laser engraving have become normal courses. Peng Jianqing, the principal of Zhicai Primary School, said: "Through the project-based curriculum, students have the opportunity to use knowledge both inside and outside the classroom, and through the combination of online and offline, they are intelligently integrated ‘ Play ’ With ‘ Learn ’ 。”

　　"Wuzhen Avenue" undertakes the overflow bonus of the summit

　　In the process of economic take-off in many parts of the country, one avenue often plays an important role. For example, Shenzhen has a "Shennan Avenue" that focuses on innovative industries, and Suzhou Industrial Park has a "Jinjihu Avenue" that carries the development of advanced manufacturing industries; In July this year, in Tongxiang, Zhejiang, a "Wuzhen Avenue" was officially opened to traffic. Starting from Wuzhen at the northern end and heading south along the avenue, this road not only connects many scenic spots, but also passes through Tongxiang Economic Development Zone, Puyuan Town and other "three towns, two districts and three streets", forming the "Wuzhen Avenue Science and Technology Cluster" which has attracted much attention.

　　Why should we lay out "Wuzhen Avenue" and the science and technology gathering area? Sheng Yongjun said that a large number of traditional enterprises in Tongxiang are relatively low-end and the output rate is not high, but they occupy relatively more land, environmental capacity and energy, and need to develop into high-end industries urgently; In addition, world internet conference has become a platform for Internet sharing and co-governance. As the permanent venue of the conference, it is also the meaning of the topic to undertake the spillover effect of the conference.

　　How to accept the summit bonus? On this avenue that runs through the north and south of Tongxiang, we can find the answer: not a wool is produced, but 700 million sweaters flow from here to various places every year. Take Puyuan Town, the "first town of sweaters" famous for its traditional industries, for example, to realize the double growth of online and offline sales through the Internet and turn it into an Internet fashion town; In Tongxiang Economic Development Zone, a large number of high-quality intelligent manufacturing projects are constantly gathering, and more than 20 foreign-funded projects have been signed in the first nine months of this year.

　　Innovation and entrepreneurship gather to cultivate new kinetic energy for development.

　　Chenzhuang Village in Wuzhen is a famous hometown of bamboo weaving. In the first two years, the handicrafts of Qian Lihuai, a young bamboo weaver born in 1980s, appeared at the Wuzhen Summit for two consecutive years. More than 10 years ago, after graduating from Qian Lihuai University, he returned to his hometown Wuzhen to start a bamboo weaving business. With Internet e-commerce and live broadcast, Wuzhen bamboo weaving became more and more famous. "As a carrier of culture, bamboo weaving should continuously enhance its cultural value and artistic connotation on the basis of using the Internet platform in order to go far." When I saw Qian Lihuai several times, he told reporters like this.

　　"High-capacity tamper-proof digital technology based on biometric information can effectively help ‘ Run at most once ’ 。” In a narrow studio in Tongxiang Science and Technology Park, Yi Shen, the founder of Unitek Technology, talks about the technical concept of "digital chip". Last year, he gave up the generous treatment of foreign companies and returned to his hometown to set up the science and technology company in front of him. "The Internet entrepreneurial atmosphere in his hometown is good, and through world internet conference, our products and technologies can be widely used."

　　With the "dividends" released by previous summits, more and more makers like Qian Lihuai and Yi Shen have settled down in Wuzhen and Tongxiang. In the future, Tongxiang will also regard the digital economy as the "No.1 Project" and strive to build a digital economy highland. In fact, a wave of dividends has affected Wuzhen, Tongxiang, and the whole of Zhejiang Province and even the whole country.

　　In the tide of digitalization, Xinhua Group has set up administrative and operational headquarters in Hangzhou and Beijing, and has also added several R&D bases in Chengdu and Hefei in two years. "All localities are gathering Internet talents and developing advantageous industries according to urban positioning, which gives us the opportunity to realize the national industrial layout and help the digital transformation of various industries." Sun Minglan, senior vice president of Xinhua Group III, said.

　　From November 7th to 9th, the world Internet will once again enter "Wuzhen Time". This conference will set up 19 sub-forums, focusing on hot topics such as artificial intelligence, 5G, big data, network security and digital silk road. "From the initial participation and exchange, to brainstorming with the industry big coffee in the sub-forum last year, and then to give a keynote speech this year, my annual trip to Wuzhen has reached a higher level." Kevin Jiang, founder of Tongdun Technology, is full of expectations for this conference.

　　As night falls, the International Convention and Exhibition Center, the permanent site of the conference, is still brightly lit, and the banquet center separated from the other road will be officially opened. The two landmark buildings combine Internet elements with the characteristics of Jiangnan water town, and complement each other with this Millennium-old town, waiting for the opening of this grand event.

　　(Guangming. com reporter Li Zhengyu)

　　BEIJING, July 24 (Xinhua)-According to comprehensive news, the No.10 typhoon "Abe" landed on the coast of Chongming Island in Shanghai at noon on the 22nd, passed through Jiangsu and Shandong, and entered Hebei Province in the early morning of the 24th. Affected by the weakened cloud system around the low-pressure system, there will be heavy rains in northern Shandong, central and eastern Beijing, eastern Hebei and Tianjin from 20: 00 on the 23rd to 20: 00 on the 24th. Among them, there will be heavy rain in parts of northwestern Shandong, eastern Hebei, Tianjin and northeastern Beijing. Please ask the local people to take safety precautions.

　　The No.10 typhoon "Abe" is the typhoon that has affected China the most widely this year. "Abe" landed on the coast of Chongming Island in Shanghai, all the way north, passing through Jiangsu and Shandong, and entered the territory of Hebei Province in the early morning of the 24th.

　　Historically, typhoon No.9608, No.9406, Tim, No.9711, Winnie, No.0509 and Mai Sha all had similar tracks to Abe, and all of them had caused heavy rainfall in the north. It is rare for Beijing to be affected by typhoons. The last time was 0509 "Mai Sha", which landed in Zhejiang, China, and continued northward to Jiangsu and Shandong, affecting Beijing.

　　[Hebei and Tianjin issued typhoon warnings for the first time]

　　The Meteorological Observatory of Hebei Province issued a blue warning signal for typhoon at 15: 26 on the 23rd: due to the weakening of the low pressure caused by typhoon Abe, it is estimated that the winds in coastal waters and coastal areas will reach 7-8 and the gusts will be 9-10, and the coastal tidal level will increase significantly from the night of the 23rd to the day of the 24th. The land winds in Tangshan, Qinhuangdao and Cangzhou can reach 5-6, and the gusts are 7-8.

　　The Tianjin Meteorological Observatory issued a blue warning signal for typhoon in Tianjin at 13: 22 on the 23rd: due to the weakening of low pressure caused by typhoon Abe, it is expected that there will be windy weather in Tianjin from the night of 23rd to the day of 24th, and the wind will reach 6-7, with a gust of 8. At the same time, there will be 8 ~ 9 winds and 10 gusts in the Bohai Sea.

　　This is the first time that Tianjin and Hebei have issued typhoon warning information since China Meteorological Bureau officially implemented the Measures for the Issuance and Dissemination of Meteorological Disaster Warning Signals in 2007.

　　The Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued blue rainstorm warning, blue gale warning and yellow warning signal of meteorological risk of geological disasters at 6: 00 on the 24th. During the day on the 24th, there was moderate to heavy rain in Beijing and heavy rain in the east, accompanied by gusts of magnitude 7 or so. There will be secondary disasters such as floods, flash floods and geological disasters in small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas and shallow mountainous areas, and there will be water accumulation in low-lying areas of cities.

　　The Beijing Municipal Planning and Land Commission and the Municipal Meteorological Bureau jointly upgraded and issued a yellow warning of meteorological risk of geological disasters at 20: 00 on the 23rd. In the next 24 hours, the risk of geological disasters such as mudslides, collapses and landslides will be high in Fangshan, Mentougou, Haidian, Fengtai, Shijingshan, Changping, Huairou, Miyun, Yanqing and Pinggu in Beijing, so please take precautions.

　　[Capital Airport: Please adjust the itinerary in time if the weather affects the take-off and landing of flights]

　　Weibo, the official news of Beijing Capital International Airport: After verification with the meteorological department, it was found that there was heavy rain at the Capital Airport from 6: 00 to 11: 00 on the 24th, which lasted until the night of the 24th, and the accumulated precipitation could reach heavy rain, which may have an impact on the production and operation of the Capital Airport. All the security units of the Capital Airport have made preparations for the handling of flight delays in advance.

　　The Capital Airport reminds that bad weather will have a great impact on the operation of civil aviation. Passengers are requested to pay attention to the flight information released by their airlines and adjust their itinerary in time.

　　China News Service reporter Mao Jianjun photo

　　[Beijing Flood Control Headquarters: It is recommended to go to work at the wrong peak]

　　Beijing Flood Control Headquarters reminds that there will be heavy rainfall in Beijing from the night of 23rd to 24th. Please make reasonable arrangements for travel, choose public transportation as far as possible, avoid morning and evening peaks by car, stay away from rivers and dangerous mountainous areas, and pay attention to prevent geological disasters such as mountain torrents and mudslides. It is suggested that qualified units go to work at the wrong peak.

　　The rainfall in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was influenced by the low-pressure peripheral cloud system after the typhoon Abe landed weakened, and its intensity was not the same as the storm brought by the typhoon when it landed directly in the southern coastal cities.

　　As there is still uncertainty about the falling area of heavy rainfall, the public is reminded to pay close attention to the approaching forecast in time, pay attention to travel safety, and try not to go to dangerous areas in mountainous areas, rivers and areas with hidden dangers of geological disasters. Relevant departments should also strengthen inspections of hidden dangers to prevent geological disasters such as floods, mountain torrents, mudslides, landslides and collapses in small and medium-sized rivers that may be induced by heavy rainfall in mountainous areas.

　　The wind and rain impact of the low-pressure system after the typhoon weakened on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region will end on the 25th. However, due to the influence of weather systems such as cold air and westerly trough, there are still scattered showers and thunderstorms in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 25 to 26.

　　Suggestion: Remember to take an umbrella when traveling. Although it rains, it is still sultry, so you still need to pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling.

　　Recently, the Ministry of Commerce announced that it will deepen the integration of domestic and foreign trade and help foreign trade enterprises whose exports are blocked to explore the domestic market. Under the policy call, leading retail enterprises such as JD.COM, Box Horse, Yonghui Supermarket and CR Vanguard responded quickly, helping foreign trade enterprises to expand domestic sales by opening up "green channels" and setting up special procurement funds.

　　Speaking of "export to domestic sales", people with a little experience will not be unfamiliar. In the 1980s and 1990s, "export to domestic market" and "foreign trade goods" often meant high quality, which was synonymous with good things and tight goods. Nowadays, times have changed. Helping foreign trade enterprises "export to domestic sales" is a trend, and it has strong practical pertinence and urgency.

　　For foreign trade enterprises, expanding domestic sales channels can alleviate the pressure of export obstruction and inventory backlog, and solve the urgent need; For consumers, the entry of export products into the domestic market will effectively enrich commodity categories, promote market competition and enhance the sense of "buy in buy buy"; For e-commerce platforms and offline supermarkets, this move will also help to expand the supply chain and enhance their attractiveness and competitiveness … It can be seen that "exporting to domestic sales" is a real win-win move.

　　In the long run, this move is not an expedient measure. According to statistics, in 2024, among the hundreds of thousands of enterprises with export performance in China, nearly 85% enterprises are engaged in domestic sales at the same time, and it is a general trend to give consideration to both inside and outside. "Export to domestic sales" has long-term significance for foreign trade enterprises to enhance their resilience and enhance their overall strength. From the overall situation, it is self-evident that the significance of boosting consumption and expanding domestic demand in an all-round way at present. Boosting consumption needs supply innovation and good goods to help-promoting the "silky" foreign trade products into thousands of households is of great benefit to boosting consumption.

　　How to "turn" exports to domestic sales? It must be noted that foreign trade and domestic demand markets are different, with different standards and different channels, and many foreign trade enterprises are facing the problem of "acclimatization". In particular, it is very important to unblock channels. In this regard, the e-commerce platform can play a strong assisting role through direct procurement, traffic tilt, marketing support and intensive training. For example, in view of the pain points and needs of foreign trade enterprises, some platforms indicated that they would directly purchase high-quality products of foreign trade enterprises by relying on the self-operated mode and supply chain capabilities, and set up a foreign trade excellent product area to accelerate the opening of sales through traffic tilt and omni-channel marketing support.

　　At present, all parties are speeding up the opening of the "export to domestic sales" policy. Focusing on "export to domestic sales", large enterprises such as e-commerce and Shangchao have moved at the news, showing the responsibility of enterprises, which is also the transmission of confidence and the convergence of strength. I believe that with the efforts of all parties, "export to domestic sales" will become a new blue ocean and open up a new world.

What school is IELTS? Where is the school? Regarding this question, the following small series will answer it for everyone.

IELTS is not a school. IELTS generally refers to the international English language testing system.

The English Examination was established in 1989 and is jointly managed by the British Council for Cultural Education, the Examination Committee of Cambridge University and the Australian Education International Development Agency (IDP). As an internationally recognized English test, IELTS is recognized by 10,000 institutions in more than 140 countries and regions around the world, and more than 3 million people take the IELTS test every year.

High global recognition

1. British universities and British visa and immigration authorities have double trust in IELTS.

2. 3,300 American institutions recognize and trust IELTS scores, including all Ivy League schools and all American institutions ranked in the TOP100 in the world.

3. All Australian institutions recognize and trust IELTS scores, and study abroad, work and immigration are all settled.

4. IELTS is highly trusted in Canada, which makes it the only English test designated by the SDS/SPP Convenient Visa Program.

1. Paper-pen mode

Candidates who choose the paper-and-pencil mode will take the listening, reading and writing exams through the paper-and-pencil mode, and take the oral exam through the "everyone talks" form. Paper-and-pencil mode is suitable for IELTS academic and training classes, and IELTS academic and training classes for British visas and immigrants.

2. Computer test mode

Candidates who choose the computer-based test mode will take the three-part test of listening, reading and writing through the computer-based test mode, and take the oral test in the form of "everyone talks". The computer test mode is suitable for IELTS academic and training classes, and IELTS academic classes for British visas and immigrants.

> > IELTS TOEFL free test, tailor-made planning, making English learning no longer difficult <

Wen | Biange @ Shijin Institute

Gree Electric’s control rights change ushered in new progress!

On the evening of April 8, Gree Electric announced that Gree Group intends to transfer 15% of the total share capital of Gree Electric held by Gree Group through public solicitation of transferees.

After the transfer is completed, the controlling shareholder and actual controller of Gree Electric may change. On April 9, Gree Electric resumed trading, and the daily limit was directly increased after the opening.

Information shows that Gree Electric landed on the main board of Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 1996. After listing, Gree Group has been the controlling shareholder, and the actual controller is Zhuhai SASAC. In 2004, Zhu Jianghong, then the chairman of Gree Electric, said that Gree Electric would introduce strategic investors instead of monopolizing state-owned shares.

In March 2006, Gree Electric started the share-trading reform, and the shareholding ratio of Gree Group decreased to 41.06%. By realizing the circulation of state-owned shares, Gree Group set aside some shares from its holdings as the stock source of Gree Electric management’s equity incentive plan.

In order to introduce the dealer alliance into the company’s strategic investors, Gree Group transferred part of its equity to Hebei Jinghai Guarantee Investment Co., Ltd., which is the shareholder of Gree Electric’s major dealers. These measures have reduced the shareholding ratio of Gree Group.

Gree Electric’s 2010 annual report shows that Gree Group holds 1.096 billion shares, with a shareholding ratio of 18.22%. Subsequently, it has been maintained at this shareholding number and shareholding ratio.

Gree Electric’s third quarterly report in 2018 shows that apart from Gree Group, the second largest shareholder among the top ten shareholders is Hebei Jinghai Guarantee Investment Co., Ltd., which is owned by the main distributor in Gree Electric and holds 8.91% of the shares in Gree Electric. The third to ninth shareholders are all institutional investors, and the tenth largest shareholder is Dong Mingzhu, with a shareholding ratio of 0.74%.

If the transfer of shares is successful, the proportion of shares held by Gree Group in Gree Electric will drop to 3.22%, and it will still rank among the top 10 shareholders.

By 2018, the total operating income of Gree Group is expected to exceed 200 billion yuan, the net profit exceeds 26 billion yuan, and the net profit attributable to state-owned shareholders exceeds 4 billion yuan, up by 33.37%, 19.15% and 12.90% respectively. Among them, Gree Electric made a great contribution.

According to Gree Electric’s performance forecast, in 2018, Gree Electric is expected to achieve operating income of 200 billion to 201 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of more than 33.33%; It is estimated that the net profit will be 26-27 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16%-21%.

In addition, Gree Electric pays large dividends almost every year. Since its listing in 1996, Gree Electric has paid dividends for 19 times, with a cumulative dividend of 41.8 billion yuan, with a dividend rate of 40.65%. Statistics show that after listing, Gree Group received more than 8.8 billion yuan in dividends from Gree Electric.

In fact, this sale plan of Gree Group makes investors quite puzzled. With low valuation, sufficient cash flow and high profit level, Gree Electric is a high-quality "white horse stock" envied by everyone in the capital market. For the major shareholder Gree Group, it is definitely a quality asset. Then, why did Gree Group sell the equity of Gree Electric and give up its controlling position?

(1) Liquidating funds and investing in other projects

According to the announcement issued by Gree Electric on April 8, equity transfer price is not lower than the arithmetic average of the daily weighted average price in the 30 trading days before April 9, and the final transfer price is subject to the result of public solicitation and approval by the state-owned assets supervision and administration department.

According to the average share price of 45.59 yuan/share in the 30 trading days before April 9, the market value of Gree Electric’s 15% equity is about41.1 billion yuan.

If the equity transfer plan goes smoothly, Gree Group will recover more than 40 billion yuan in one time, accounting for one-third of Zhuhai’s fiscal revenue in 2018.

According to public information, Gree Group was founded in March 1985 and has grown into the largest and most powerful state-owned leading enterprise in Zhuhai, covering manufacturing, financial investment, construction investment, construction and installation, and island tourism.

Gree Group owns more than 20 companies, including Gree Electric, Gree New Technology, Zhuhai Jian ‘an Group, Gree Energy Trade, Gree Aviation Investment, Gree Petrochemical and Gree Finance.

Official website, Gree Group, said that it will deepen the strategic pattern of "one core and four pillars" around the goal of "building a domestic first-class comprehensive enterprise driven by investment and innovation" and create a new situation of "second venture" with greater achievements.

2018 is the foundation year of Gree Group’s "second venture". At the 2019 work conference held by Gree Group in January 2019, Zhou Lewei, chairman of Gree Group, proposed that in the work of 2019, we should actively promote all work to make bright spots and show the new image of Gree Group’s "second venture".

For the huge amount of money harvested after the sale of Gree’s equity, Gree Group can not only increase its capital, but also set up industrial funds to invest in other potential industries.

In addition, on April 1st, after the central government lowered the value-added tax, the fiscal revenue of the Pearl River City may be compressed, and the sale of Gree shares can also supplement some government coffers.

(2) conform to the trend of mixed reform of state-owned enterprises

In fact, as early as 2013, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a document to support private enterprises and foreign enterprises to acquire holding state-owned enterprises. The so-called mixed reform (mixed ownership reform of state-owned enterprises) is to add private (unofficial) capital to the state-controlled enterprises, making the state-owned enterprises become multi-holding, but still state-controlled enterprises to participate in market competition. The ultimate goal of mixed reform is to make the state-owned enterprises more competitive and dynamic in the reform and make the governance system of state-owned enterprises more in line with the modern corporate governance mechanism.

In October 2018, the central government successively issued a number of policies to promote mixed reform. the State Council, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and local governments successively issued policies to allow private enterprises to participate in shares, even holding state-owned enterprises, without setting an upper limit on the shareholding ratio. In January 2019, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) once again clearly put forward the policy of supporting mixed reform.

It is against this background that the controlling rights of many state-owned listed companies have changed recently. For example, the actual controller of Zhongju Gaoxin was changed to Yao Zhenhua of Baoneng Department, and the actual controller of Hanshang Group was changed from Wuhan SASAC to Yan Zhi, a natural person.

Facing the trend of mixed reform of state-owned enterprises, it is the general trend for Gree Group and Zhuhai Municipal Government to promote the reform of mixed ownership in Gree Electric.

Specifically, the strategic reduction of Gree Electric by Zhuhai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission is a key measure to promote the reform of state-owned enterprises to "manage capital", which has reference significance for Guangdong Province and even the whole country to further implement the reform of mixed ownership of state-owned enterprises.

In September 2018, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhuhai issued a guiding opinion on improving the quality of state-owned enterprises, proposing to steadily implement the reform of mixed ownership, taking diversification of property rights and introducing strategic investors as a breakthrough to promote the mixed reform of municipal enterprises.

On the timetable, this opinion pointed out that by 2021, the coverage rate of mixed ownership reform of Zhuhai municipal enterprises at all levels should reach more than 70%, and 2-3 mixed reforms will be implemented at the group level, and 2-3 listed companies will participate in investment in advanced manufacturing industries.

Gree Electric is a commercial state-owned enterprise in fully competitive industries and fields, and it is also a very famous high-quality asset, so it is of great significance to mix and reform it.

The reform of mixed ownership will make Gree Electric truly realize the transformation from mixed ownership to reform. By introducing strategic investors, three system reforms will be further promoted in the process of mixed ownership reform, and market-oriented selection and employment and incentive and restraint mechanisms will be established, which will help Gree Electric to establish an effective corporate governance structure with checks and balances and a flexible and efficient market-oriented operating mechanism.

As one of the earliest four special economic zones in China, Zhuhai’s move of "returning and bringing in" will not only conform to the deepening situation of state-owned enterprise reform, but also strongly promote the transformation of government image and the "second venture" of Zhuhai’s economy. In this process, Gree Electric is expected to lead a new round of mixed reform in Zhuhai.

(3) The control right of Zhuhai SASAC has already been weakened.

From the perspective of shareholding structure, Gree Group is the largest shareholder in Gree Electric, with a shareholding ratio of 18.22%, and Dong Mingzhu personally holds 0.74% of Gree Electric, making it the tenth largest shareholder in Gree Electric.

However, for a long time, the control right of Zhuhai SASAC over Gree Electric has been greatly weakened. Under such circumstances, it is understandable that Gree Group "has" backed out.

Since Dong Mingzhu took charge of Gree, the wrestling between Dong Mingzhu and Zhuhai SASAC, the major shareholder of Gree Group, has been going on.

In May 2012, when Zhu Jianghong stepped down as the chairman of Gree Group and Gree Electric, Dong Mingzhu took over as the chairman of Gree Group, but Zhuhai SASAC appointed Zhou Shaoqiang, the former deputy director of SASAC, as the party secretary and president of Gree Group, and nominated him as the director of Gree Electric.

According to the conventional script, Zhou Shaoqiang will be the chairman of Gree Electric, but he failed to pass the election of the board of directors and only got 36.6% of the votes.

In January 2013, it was revealed that Zhou Shaoqiang spent 12 bottles of red wine in a luxury club, and was removed from the leadership position of Gree Group.

In October 2016, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Zhuhai dismissed Dong Mingzhu as the chairman, president and legal representative of Gree Group on the grounds that the chairman of the listed company and its affiliated group could not serve concurrently.

The fierce control struggle is coming to an end in 2018, and the newly appointed Zhuhai Municipal Party Committee Secretary said, "I hope Dong Mingzhu will lead the young Gree to continue to create brilliant achievements".

On January 16th, 2019, the list of the new board of directors of Gree Electric was finally released. This time, there were 9 directors, 2 more than the previous one. Among them, there are still three independent directors, namely Liu Shuwei, Xing Ziwen and Wang Xiaohua. The number of non-independent directors increased from 4 to 6, namely Dong Mingzhu, Huang Hui, Wang Jingdong, Zhang Wei, Zhang Jun Governor and Guo Shuzhan.

Almost all of these six non-independent directors come from the senior management of Gree Electric, among which Gree Group, the major shareholder of Gree Electric, has acquired four directors, namely Dong Mingzhu, Huang Hui, Wang Jingdong and Zhang Wei. Huang Hui is the CEO of Gree Electric, Wang Jingdong is the vice president, financial controller and secretary of the board of directors of Gree Electric, and Zhang Wei is currently the executive vice president of Gree Group.

The other two non-independent directors, Governor Zhang Jun and Guo Shuzhan, are also the backbone of the Gree Electric dealer system built by Dong Mingzhu. Such a list once again ensures Dong Mingzhu’s controlling position in Gree Electric.

According to the shareholder information of Gree Electric, the current shareholding ratio of Gree Group, the controlling shareholder, is 18.22%. After the transfer of 15%, Gree Group will continue to hold 3.22% of the shares.

According to Gree Electric’s Articles of Association, shareholders holding more than 3% of shares have the right to nominate directors. Gree Group shares still left 3.22% after the transfer of shares, which may be related to this relevant regulation. In this way, in the corporate governance structure of Gree Electric in the future, Zhuhai SASAC will still retain certain right to speak and make business decisions.

It is worth noting that the retention of shares and the right to nominate seats on the board of directors echo the revision of Gree Electric’s Articles of Association in early 2019. On January 2, 2019, Gree Electric revised the Articles of Association, adding two institutions: the Party Committee and the Commission for Discipline Inspection.

The second, third, fourth and fifth largest shareholders in Gree Electric’s shareholding structure are Hebei Jinghai Guarantee Investment Co., Ltd., with a shareholding ratio of 8.91%; Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited (Land Stock Connect) holds 7.86%; China Securities Finance Co., Ltd. holds 2.99%; Qianhai Life Insurance Company Limited &mdash; &mdash; Haili holds 1.92% every year.

If 15% of Gree Group’s shares are transferred to a single strategic investor, then Gree Group will become the fifth largest shareholder. Looking back, the reason why Gree Group set up two new governance institutions in early 2019 may be to consider maintaining the influence of Zhuhai SASAC beyond the shareholding ratio.

　

If you like this article, you can see more stocks, disk trend analysis and investment skills on Moore Financial APP or moer.cn, the official website of Moore Financial, and you can also search for Moore Financial on Sina Weibo, WeChat WeChat official account and today’s headlines and pay attention to it.

　　 　Cctv newsAccording to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, Zhang Peng, senior statistician of the Department of Social Sciences and Literature of the National Bureau of Statistics, interpreted the data of enterprises in cultural and related industries above designated size in the first half of 2023. In the first half of the year, the cultural industry continued to pick up.

　　Cultural enterprises above designated size realized operating income of 5.9 trillion yuan. In the first half of the year, cultural and related industrial enterprises above designated size (hereinafter referred to as "cultural enterprises") achieved operating income of 5,935.7 billion yuan, up 7.3% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 3.3 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. Among them, in the second quarter, the operating income increased by 10.7% year-on-year. Since the third quarter of 2021, the operating income has achieved double-digit growth for the first time. In terms of fields, in the first half of the year, the operating income in the cultural core areas reached 3,871.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.5%; It accounted for 65.2% of the operating income of cultural enterprises above designated size, accounting for 3.0 percentage points higher than the same period of last year.

　　The leading role of the cultural service industry has been significantly enhanced, and the entertainment and leisure industry has accelerated its recovery. In the first half of the year, the cultural service industry achieved an operating income of 3,075.8 billion yuan, an increase of 14.9% over the same period of the previous year, and the growth rate was 4.7 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. The operating income of cultural services accounted for 51.8% of cultural enterprises above designated size, accounting for 3.4 percentage points higher than the same period of last year. Among the nine categories of cultural industries, the business income of the cultural entertainment and leisure service industry, which focuses on contact and aggregation services, continued its rapid growth in the first quarter, with an increase of 76.2% over the same period of last year and a growth rate of 27.7 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. Among them, scenic spot tour service, entertainment service and leisure tour service increased by 84.9%, 82.1% and 35.8% respectively over the same period of last year. The operating income of four major cultural industries, namely, cultural investment operation, news information service, cultural communication channel and creative design service, grew rapidly year-on-year, with growth rates of 26.2%, 15.2%, 13.2% and 10.6% respectively.

　　The operating income of new cultural formats accounts for nearly 40%. In the first half of the year, the operating income of 16 industries with obvious characteristics of new cultural formats was 2,358.8 billion yuan, up by 15.0% over the same period of last year, 7.7 percentage points faster than that of all cultural enterprises above designated size, and 3.9 percentage points faster than that of the first quarter. The operating income of new cultural industries accounted for 39.7% of the operating income of all cultural enterprises above designated size, accounting for 2.6 percentage points higher than the same period of last year; The contribution rate to the growth of operating income of all cultural enterprises above designated size is 75.6%. Among them, the operating income of six industries, namely, Internet culture and entertainment platform, Internet search service, multimedia, game animation and digital publishing software development, Internet advertising service, digital publishing and other Internet information services, increased rapidly, accounting for 26.9%, 24.7%, 17.8%, 16.3%, 16.1% and 15.5% respectively.

　　Profits of cultural enterprises maintained rapid growth. Affected by the low base in the same period of last year and the rapid recovery of cultural service enterprises, the profits of cultural enterprises above designated size increased by 35.4% in the first half of the year, continuing the growth trend in the first quarter. From the two-year average [1], the first half of the year increased by 12.0%. Among the 43 industries, 30 industries achieved year-on-year growth in profits, and turned losses into profits or reduced losses, accounting for 69.8%. Among them, Internet information services, digital content services and Internet cultural and entertainment platforms achieved rapid growth year-on-year, which played an obvious driving role. In the first half of the year, the profit rate of operating income of cultural enterprises above designated size was 8.06%, an increase of 1.67 percentage points over the same period of last year.

Original simple psychology

Hi, welcome to the column I read literature for the people ~

I have a friend who has been unemployed at home for half a year and recently found a new job. After returning to the workplace for a week, he sent a circle of friends (the boss and colleagues have been blocked): the class has not been on for a few days, and the "class flavor" is already very strong.

It is said that as long as you have been to work, it will smell like work, and it is difficult to get rid of it. What exactly is "banwei"? In fact, it refers to the unique fatigue of migrant workers.

This issue of "Simple Psychological WEEKLY" focuses on: What behaviors will alleviate/aggravate the "class taste" of migrant workers? You can see:

Those who choose actively are called "real rest"

Learn to fish regularly and correctly.

If you want to double the holiday effect, don’t pile up your work after rework.

Doing this after work can effectively relieve fatigue.

01

Those who choose actively are called "real rest"

I don’t know if you have a similar experience: I want to eat a takeaway alone at noon, but I am dragged out to eat by my colleagues; I wanted to go home after work at night, but my boss called me to sing K songs …

Although it is true that I am not working, my sense of fatigue is increasing.

A study published in the Academy of Management Journal by the University of Toronto shows that whether you have a good rest depends on how much autonomy you have in the activities you do during your rest.

The researchers conducted a two-week daily survey of 103 employees engaged in the administrative industry.

These daily surveys assess the extent to which employees participate in three kinds of lunch break activities (relaxation, work and socialization) and their views on the autonomy of lunch break activities. At the end of each day, employees also need to give feedback on their fatigue level that day.

The results show that:

When the autonomy of lunch break is low, it is especially tiring to carry out more complicated work and social activities, but when the autonomy is high, it is not so tiring.

If the autonomy of lunch break is low, even slight relaxation activities will aggravate people’s fatigue at the end of working days, but having higher autonomy of lunch break does not increase the benefits of deep relaxation activities during lunch break.

At least during lunch break, social activities may hinder people from recovering from fatigue-unless people feel highly autonomous in choosing social activities during lunch break.

So, the next time you face these social activities that you are not interested in at all, I hope you can firmly say, "Sorry, I need to rest now.".

Why is secretary Jin like that

02

It is necessary to fish on time, but how to do it is very important.

"Go to the toilet six times a day for ten minutes each time, and the daily working hours will be reduced by one hour", which is one of the secrets of fishing summarized by contemporary migrant workers.

Although many companies strictly guard against employees’ fishing behavior, clever workers can always think of ways.

In fact, moderate fishing itself is a reasonable and necessary behavior. A study published in Journal of Organizational Behavior by the University of Illinois in the United States shows that a short respite at work can effectively alleviate the sense of job fatigue.

In this study, researchers call the short-term breathing activity at work "Micro-break" and divide it into four types:

Relaxing activities, such as stretching, listening to music, staring out of the window, etc.

Nutritional intake activities, such as eating snacks and drinking drinks;

Social activities: for example, sending WeChat with friends and chatting with colleagues.

Cognitive activities, such as brushing mobile phones, reading books unrelated to work, and planning activities after work.

So what kind of "micro-rest" can help people recover their energy quickly?

The researchers recruited 86 Korean office workers and studied the different types of micro-rest activities they carried out on weekdays, as well as the impact of these activities on TAs.

The results show that:

Relaxation and social micro-rest activities can help people temporarily recover their fatigue at work;

The micro-rest activities of nutrient intake are not helpful to people’s recovery of fatigue;

Cognitive micro-rest activities, on the contrary, increase the fatigue at work.

Why don’t eating, brushing mobile phones and reading, which seem to be resting, help people regain their energy?

Researchers believe that when you eat at work, it may come from a habitual behavior, which will not really help you stop from working. For example, if you have a cup of milk tea at hand, you may continue to look at the computer while sipping a few mouthfuls.

Cognitive activities may require people’s energy at work, just as you need to pay attention at work, so you also need it when brushing your mobile phone.

03

Want to double the holiday effect? Don’t put off the work until after rework.

There are still more than 20 days before the Spring Festival. Has your "pre-holiday syndrome" begun to appear? That’s all for this year’s work. Let’s talk about it next year.

But if you want the energy recovered during the holidays not to disappear too quickly after rework, you’d better not put off all the work until you come back from the holidays.

A study published in the Journal of Organizational Behavior by the University of Constance shows that the sense of relaxation will disappear within one month after the holiday, and the busy working state after rework will accelerate this process.

The researchers recruited 267 participants and investigated their working status, emotional exhaustion and relaxation activities in their spare time after a two-week long vacation.

The results show that:

Holidays can restore people’s exhausted energy, but this effect will end within one month after returning from holidays;

When returning to work, more and higher job requirements will accelerate the consumption of holiday recovery; And more relaxation experience in your spare time after rework may delay this process.

Therefore, if we don’t want to be too painful after coming back from vacation, we may need to make a good work plan in advance. Because on the last day before the holiday, no one should be able to work with peace of mind (who can? ）。

04

Only by "psychological separation" after work can we effectively relieve fatigue.

The normal state of many friends may be: after a day’s work, they don’t want to do anything after work. But sometimes, lying at home or brushing your mobile phone all the time, not only can’t relieve your fatigue, but you feel more tired.

So, what can we do after work to help us really recover?

Newman and other psychologists put forward the DRAMMA framework, a method to classify recovery experiences. In the DRAMMA framework, recovery experiences are divided into six categories, including:

Detachment-recovery detachment: refers to breaking away from work-related thoughts.

Relax: it means a low level of mental or physical activity and little physical or intellectual use.

Autonomy autonomy: individuals can decide their schedules and activities outside work out of their own will.

Mastery: refers to learning opportunities and challenges, resulting in a sense of accomplishment and ability outside the work field.

Meaning: a leisure experience that helps to "get something important or valuable in life"

Affiliation sense of belonging: an activity that makes people feel social support and interpersonal relationships.

Among them, "detachment", which is also called "psychological detachment" in psychology, is the most decisive factor for the quality of rest and recovery. It means that when your body finishes a day’s work, your mind also needs to leave the working state.

If you are just lying in bed, all kinds of work contents are flashing in your mind; Or you are brushing your mobile phone, but the company’s group news keeps popping up …

These situations may interrupt the state of psychological separation, make you feel that you are still working, and thus deepen the sense of fatigue.

A study published in "Organizational Psychology" by Mannheim University in Germany further found that positive thinking about work or psychological separation from work can make people get a better recovery experience.

The researchers recruited 122 college students and 159 office workers, who were randomly divided into five groups after finishing their day’s study or work tasks.

The first two groups of participants will be guided into a state of psychological separation by researchers, and the last three groups of participants will be guided by researchers to recall happy events, stress events or non-specific events they encountered in their work/study tasks today. After a certain period of time, the researchers will test the participants’ status.

The results show that:

Compared with negative or unspecific thinking work, psychological separation will make people get a better state.

Positive thinking about work is often better than psychological separation: among students/office workers, positive thinking about work can make people have a more positive state.

If you did a good job today, thinking about your work may make you happier.

But if today is just a dull or even a bad working day, forget it, because the simplest way to rest is "don’t-want to-think".

Ok, that’s it for this issue of weekly! If it helps, remember to forward it to your workmates. See you next time!

references

————————

Trougakos JP, Hideg I, Cheng BH, Beal DJ. 2014. Lunch breaks unpacked: the role of autonomy as a moderator of recovery during lunch. Acad. Manag. J. 57:405–21

Micro-break activities at work to recover from daily work demands.Sooyeol Kim,YoungAh Park,Qikun Niu.Journal of Organizational Behavior.https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2109

Kühnel J, Sonnentag S. 2011. How long do you benefit from vacation? A closer look at the fade-out of vacation effects. J. Organ. Behav. 32:125–43

Sonnentag, S., and Fritz, C. (2015). Recovery from job stress: the stressor-detachment model as an integrative framework. J. Organ. Behav. 36, S72–S103. doi: 10.1002/job.1924

Sonnentag S, Niessen C. 2020. To detach or not to detach? Two experimental studies on the affective consequences of detaching from work during non-work time. Front. Psychol. 11:560156

Author: green beans

Planning: Jianghu side

Cover: Gomatsu

Read the original text