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　　Figure ①: Schematic diagram of the layout of quadrangles in Hekou Village.

　　Wu kuijun’s drawing

　　Figure ②: An exquisite brick sculpture in Hekou Village.

　　Photo by Yang Jintao (People’s Vision)

　　Figure ③: Schematic diagram of Hekou ancient town.

　　Photo courtesy of Gansu Xirong Cultural Tourism Development Co., Ltd.

　　Figure ④: Villagers in Hekou Village take a nap and chat in front of the door.

　　Photo by Xu Yingqiang (People’s Vision)

　　Figure ⑤: Bell and Drum Tower Sleeping Bridge in Hekou Village.

　　Photo by Yang Jintao (People’s Vision)

　　Figure ⑥: Hekou Village "Golden Shore of Shili Yellow River".

　　Photo by Yang Jintao (People’s Vision)

　　Hekou Village, Xigu District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province is located at the intersection of Zhuanglang River and Yellow River, a tributary of the Yellow River. Thanks to its superior geographical location, it was once an important ferry in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with developed water transport and merchants gathering.

　　Hekou village has a regular layout and heavy accumulation. The quadrangle with "three halls, five mansions and three inverted seats, with two small rooms in the wing" embodies the regional characteristics of the northwest residential buildings, and the complicated and exquisite brick and wood carvings are impressive. Nowadays, the historical and cultural blocks restored with Hekou Village as the core not only provide poetic habitation for tourists, but also revitalize the ancient villages. Hekou Village was selected into the first list of traditional Chinese villages in 2012.

　　Starting from the center of Lanzhou, across the Hekou Bridge, the mountains are getting higher and the water is getting wider, and an ancient folk house hidden between mountains and rivers is Hekou Village. Overlooking from a height, the Lotus Mountain surrounding the village is undulating. In the distance, the colorful Danxia scenic spot is set off like an oil painting by the blue sky; Nearby, the rushing Yellow River water came from Bapan Gorge across the mountains and mountains, and went eastward along the river in the south of the village.

　　Thanks to its superior geographical location, Hekou Village was once an important ferry in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with developed water transport and merchants gathering.

　　Time flies, things change. Estuary has already weakened the function of "ferry" and ushered in a new identity — — Hekou ancient town, which is a historical and cultural block restored with Hekou village as the core. Here, people can not only watch the Ming and Qing architecture with rich regional characteristics, but also stroll along the banks of the Yellow River, read the history of the ancient ferry, and enjoy the quiet, leisurely and desirable poetic dwelling.

　　Four streets and seventeen lanes have a long charm.

　　An area of Hekou Village, about 1000 meters long and nearly 500 meters wide, includes the main traditional buildings in the village. Although the area is small, the planning is extremely neat: four main streets in the southeast and northwest are centered on the Bell and Drum Tower and extend in different directions; On the four main streets, there are also 17 lanes with different lengths. This area was named "Four Streets and Seventeen Alleys".

　　The bell and drum tower, the center of "Four Streets and Seventeen Alleys", faces east and west, and is divided into upper and lower floors. It is an attic building with four corners and a roof. Standing on the bell and drum tower, you can see the whole Hekou village from all directions. The houses with wooden doorways stand opposite each other, the streets paved with bluestone slabs meander and stretch, the gauze lanterns hanging on the streets sway with the wind, and groups of tourists stroll in the streets.

　　Facing the Yellow River, backed by mountains, controlling Hexi … … The superior geographical location has made Hekou village a transportation hub very early. For more than 2,000 years, there have been estuaries in the history of Huo Qubing’s Western Expedition and Zuo Zongtang’s Pacification of Northwest China. Talking about the origin of the estuary, the old people in the village can be summarized as "originated from the Han Dynasty, developed in the Ming Dynasty and prospered in the Qing Dynasty". By the beginning of the last century, the agriculture, handicraft industry and transportation industry in Hekou were quite large, and it became a major business town in Lanzhou.

　　With the prosperity of commerce and trade, the face of Hekou village has also changed. Since the mid-Qing Dynasty, Hekou has built a large-scale rammed earth city and built a four-door tower.

　　Nowadays, walking in the village seems to be a shuttle in history: 300 years of grain shops, 200 years of ancestral temples and more than 100 years of Zuo Gongliu pass by in turn; It seems to be relaxing in the garden: every household in Hekou village plants flowers and grass in front of and behind the house, and even in autumn, it is still fragrant and green; It’s also like wandering in the flavor market: attractive specialty snacks are sold on the street, with sweet and sour gluten on the pulp surface, potato balls that have been beaten for thousands of times, and oil jugs with flax fragrance … … "When it comes to holidays, shop owners are as busy as a bee." Zhang Wei, deputy director of the property office of Hekou Grand Scenic Area, said.

　　Old houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties are antique and fragrant.

　　The excitement in Hekou village usually happens after 3 pm. Villagers who have taken a nap have left their homes, and old people gather in the square, or play chess or chat; Children hold toys and play with each other. Foreigners who come here often choose to pedal a four-wheeled sightseeing bus to start a "shopping" trip.

　　The main street of Hekou Village is dominated by old-fashioned shops, and the shops along the street are mostly in the pattern of front shops and back houses. The typical style of the back house is quadrangle.

　　Pushing the door into a family, Zhang Mingyou, the head of the household, greeted him warmly. The quadrangle in front of us covers an area of more than 500 square meters and has a history of nearly 200 years. It has lived in the Zhang family for 13 generations.

　　In the north is the upper house, which is inhabited by elders, also called the main room or the main room; On both sides of the main room are the wing rooms, which are used for cooking and stacking sundries; The east and west sides are wing rooms, which are inhabited by the younger generation; To the south is the lower hall, which is a three-room eaves house; Open a street gate next to the next hall as the exit of the courtyard. Wu Kuijun, a technician of Gansu Classical Construction Group Co., Ltd., introduced that the local layout of this courtyard was summarized as "three halls, five buildings and three inverted seats, with two small rooms in the wing". "Here ‘ Three ’ ‘ V ’ All refer to the number of rooms. " Wu Kuijun introduced that in addition to the street gate, all four doors of this quadrangle are open in the direction of the courtyard, which is beautiful and practical, taking into account privacy.

　　The roof is a feature of the local quadrangles. After careful observation, it is found that the roof of Zhang Ming’s home is a single slope with a gentle slope. "This kind of roof is quite common in northwest provinces such as Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, which is mainly related to less precipitation and relative lack of wood." Meng Xiangwu, an associate professor in the Department of Architecture, School of Design and Art, Lanzhou University of Technology, introduced. Different from South China and Central China, the amount of tiles used in local traditional houses is less, and the roofs are mostly paved with square bricks, and only a small amount of drip tiles are used at the eaves to prevent the walls from being splashed by rain. Due to the gentle slope of the roof and the square brick paving, the single slope roof also undertakes the function of drying grain.

　　Hekou Village is also amazed by the complicated brick and wood carvings, from the entrance of the house to the wall, from the hall to the wing, from the foot of the wall to the eaves, from the door leaf to the window, there are exquisite patterns everywhere: carved dragons, blooming petals, and so on. "As a living folk art, brick and wood carving is an important witness in the history of the development of Hekou architecture, which reflects the exquisite skills and creative enthusiasm of craftsmen." Wu Kuijun said.

　　At present, there are 21 ancient dwellings in Hekou Village that are still inhabited by Zhang Ming. In order to protect these "solidified history", in 2014, Xigu District of Lanzhou City started the protective restoration and construction project of historical and cultural blocks, and successively invested 250 million yuan to transform the wall facades of 115 residential houses along the street in Hekou Village and 313 residential houses in the core area, and protectively repaired 37 ancient residential houses.

　　In the past, the Yellow River crossing became famous today.

　　Hekou village is built by the river and prospers because of the river. The Yellow River is the soul of the estuary.

　　Go down the steps along the south street and cross the south gate, and you can see the wide Yellow River. Flocks of waterfowl fly freely against the water, and reeds born near the water shake with the wind. On the shore, an east-west wooden trail stretching for about 5 kilometers lies in front of us. It is called "Golden Shore of Shili Yellow River" by local people, and there are historical sites such as Gudu District and Gucun District along the way.

　　Coming to the hydrophilic platform, the river breeze blows gently. Looking into the distance along the direction of Zhang Wei’s finger, a river bend came into view. "That’s the best berth for the ancient crossing at the estuary ‘ Yangchangwanzi ’ It was an important cargo distribution center in the northwest at that time. " Zhang Wei said that at that time, people’s daily necessities, such as coal, wood, Chinese medicine, grain, oil residue and hemp stalks, could be bought in the dock market. More than 60% of the residents in Hekou are engaged in water transport, and the main source of income is to rely on waterway terminals. There are more than 200 sheepskin rafts in Gudu, Hekou.

　　Xigu District Folk Museum located in Hekou Village shows the production technology of sheepskin raft. This ancient Yellow River watercraft is made of goatskin, which is soaked in oil and salt, dried and blown into skins. A larger raft needs more than 600 skins and can carry 20 tons of goods. Small rafts are made up of more than a dozen skins, which can be driven by one person, so they are light and flexible.

　　After the founding of New China, the local water transport was gradually replaced by the "Tiegongji", Hekou Village lost its position as a transportation hub, and the sheepskin raft also withdrew from the historical stage. However, from the restored customs site, we can see the busyness of the ferry in the past.

　　Hekou Village, which thrives on water, is now starting a "water article" again around the Yellow River culture: protecting the ecological environment on both sides of the Yellow River, developing water rafting projects on the Yellow River, and creating an immersive performance of "Memory Pangu" & HELIP; … In recent years, relying on the construction of beautiful countryside, Hekou Village has encouraged villagers to open farmhouses, serve tourist bowls and eat ecological meals. Many villagers have transformed their yards into "river view rooms" to attract tourists to stay.

　　The 59-year-old Zhang Hegong named the farmhouse "Good as Water" and used his painting skills to dress up the yard like a painting: bamboo, goldfish, ancient trees and safflower. Here, visitors can not only view the scenery, but also see the strange stones of the Yellow River, enjoy fine paintings and calligraphy, play with the root carving of Thuja, or sit in the yard reading, writing, chatting and drinking tea, and spend a rare leisure time. At present, Hekou Village has opened more than 60 farmhouses, with 1/5 residents in the core area participating.

　　The first batch of traditional villages in China, famous historical and cultural villages in China and the fourth batch of beautiful and livable villages in China … … In recent years, there are more and more business cards of "national prefix" in Hekou village, and the names are getting louder and louder. The ancient village is full of vitality again, and the ferry in the past reappears the hustle and bustle of the past. Last year, the number of tourists in Hekou Village exceeded 2 million. "Next, we will increase the protection of traditional culture, promote the upgrading of village facilities, and strive to build the estuary into a model for rural revitalization." Zhang Wei said.

　　■ Tips

　　Hekou village is suitable for tourism all year round, and relatively speaking, it is best when the flowers are warm in spring or the autumn wind is cool.

　　When you arrive at Hekou Village, you can visit the Folk Museum first to learn about the history of the ancient village. After that, visit the ancient village landmarks such as Bell and Drum Tower, Zhanggong Temple and Zixiang Chess House along the main street. In the evening, you can go to the "Golden Shore of Shili Yellow River" to find a farmhouse near the river, blow the river wind, have a rest and have tea, and then order some special foods such as firewood chicken, fish wrapped in paper, oil pot noise and potato stir-ups, so as to enjoy a slow life.

　　BEIJING, August 17 (Xinhua) In the just-concluded women’s table tennis team final, China beat Singapore 3-0 in straight sets and won the championship. The China Women’s Team composed of Wang Nan, Zhang Yining and Guo Yue won the Olympic Games.

　　Name: Guo Yue.

　　Country/Region: China

　　Gender: Female

　　Birthday: July 17, 1988

　　Height: 1.62 meters

　　Weight: 55 kg

　　Main achievements:

　　Bronze medal in women’s doubles in Athens Olympic Games in 2004, champion of women’s team in World Table Tennis Championships, champion of women’s doubles in Greece and Singapore of ITTF Tour.

　　The mixed doubles champion in the 48th World Table Tennis Championships in 2005 (with Wang Liqin),

　　2006 World Table Tennis Championship Women’s Team Champion, Asian Games Team Champion, Women’s Singles Champion and Women’s Doubles Champion (with Li Xiaoxia).

　　Women’s singles champion in 2007 World Championships

　　Women’s Team Champion in 2008 World Table Tennis Championships and Women’s Singles Champion in Korea Open.

　　Name: Zhang Yining.

　　Country/Region: China

　　Gender: Female

　　Birthday: October 5, 1981

　　Height: 1.68 meters

　　Weight: 54 kg

　　Main achievements:

　　1998 /2002 Women’s Team Champion of Bangkok Asian Games, Fifth Women’s Singles Champion of Busan Asian Games, and Runner-up of Women’s Team/Women’s Doubles;

　　Runner-up in women’s singles, third place in women’s doubles/women’s team champion, runner-up in women’s singles and third place in doubles in 1999 /2000 World Table Tennis Championships;

　　Women’s singles champion/runner-up in 2000 /2001 ITTF Tour Finals;

　　2001 /2002 /2003 World Cup women’s singles champion/champion/third place in women’s singles;

　　2001 /2003 World Table Tennis Championships women’s team champion, women’s singles third, women’s doubles third/women’s doubles champion, women’s singles runner-up;

　　Women’s singles champion in 2002 /2003 ITTF Professional Tour Finals;

　　2004 /2006 Women’s Team Champion of Team World Table Tennis Championships;

　　Women’s singles and women’s doubles champions at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games,

　　2004 /2005 World Cup women’s singles champion;

　　Women’s doubles champion/women’s singles champion in 2004 /2005 ITTF Tour Finals;

　　Women’s singles champion and women’s doubles champion in 2005 World Table Tennis Championships

　　Name: Wang Nan.

　　Country/Region: China

　　Gender: Female

　　Birthday: October 23, 1978

　　Height: 1.62 meters

　　Weight: 59 kg

　　Main achievements:

　　Champion of women’s singles and women’s doubles in Sydney Olympic Games in 2000 (with Li Ju), champion of women’s singles in World Cup and champion of women’s team in 45th World Table Tennis Championships;

　　Runner-up of women’s singles in 2001 Professional Tour Finals; Women’s team, women’s singles and women’s doubles champions in the 46th World Table Tennis Championships;

　　Champion of women’s singles, women’s doubles and mixed doubles (with Ma Lin) in the 47th World Table Tennis Championships in 2003, and champion of women’s singles in the World Cup;

　　Champion of women’s team in 2004 World Table Tennis Championships, champion of women’s doubles in Athens Olympic Games and champion of women’s doubles in the final of ITTF Tour;

　　Women’s doubles champion in the 48th World Table Tennis Championships in 2005 (and Zhang Yining);

　　2006 Asian Cup women’s singles champion, World Table Tennis Championship women’s team champion, Asian Games women’s team champion, mixed doubles champion (with Ma Lin);

　　2007 women’s doubles champion (with Li Xiaoxia),

　　2008 World Table Tennis Championships Women’s Team Champion

Editor: Peng Wei

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 22nd: Starry night, just for life — — On-the-spot report on emergency rescue of Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes in Yunnan and Qinghai.

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　At 21: 48 on May 21, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 occurred in Yangbi County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. At 2: 04 on the 22nd, a 7.4-magnitude earthquake struck maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province.

　　02:17

　　Disaster is the command, and time is life. From Yangbi to Maduo, from the southwest mountainous area to the snowy plateau, from the central government to the local government, the rescue operation was launched urgently.

　　What is the disaster situation? How is the rescue going? Are people’s lives guaranteed? Xinhua news agency reporters rushed to the two earthquakes at the first time to directly attack the progress of rescue and relief work.

　　Tony Wen moves, and everything is for the safety of the people’s lives

　　Wall cracks occurred in houses in the earthquake-stricken area of Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province (photo taken on May 22). Xinhua news agency

　　The disaster came suddenly. According to the official measurement by China Seismological Network, at 21: 48 on May 21, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 occurred in Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and three earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 or above occurred before and after. As of 6 o’clock on the 22nd, the earthquake has killed 3 people and injured 28 people. Among them, more than 70,000 people were affected in Yangbi County, and more than 13,000 houses were damaged, of which 89 collapsed.

On May 22nd, in Gadan Village, Machali Town, maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, rescuers found a house door collapsed due to the earthquake during the investigation, and moved it in time. Xinhua news agency

　　When the emergency rescue operation was being carried out in Yunling, at 2: 04 on the 22nd, an earthquake of magnitude 7.4 occurred in maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, which was strongly felt in Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Xizang. As of 10: 00 on the 22nd, eight people in maduo county and Maqin County were slightly injured, some people’s houses and barns were damaged, and some roads and bridges were damaged to varying degrees.

　　Earthquake is command, and time is life.

　　After the Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes, the emergency management department started the third-level and second-level emergency response to earthquake disasters respectively; The Emergency Management Department and the Seismological Bureau of China sent a working group to Yunnan and Qinghai overnight to guide and assist local governments in carrying out emergency rescue and disaster relief work. On the afternoon of the 22nd, the Ministry of Finance and the Emergency Management Department urgently allocated 10 million yuan of central natural disaster relief funds to Yunnan Province.

　　All localities also acted urgently. After the Yangbi earthquake, the Yunnan Provincial Disaster Reduction Committee launched a second-level emergency response. The provincial government working group composed of the commander of the provincial earthquake relief headquarters, the deputy governor and Liang Hui led the relevant departments to the earthquake-stricken area, and the provincial finance urgently allocated 20 million yuan and Dali Prefecture finance allocated 2 million yuan for emergency relief funds.

　　Dali detachment of Yunnan Forest Fire Brigade dispatched 110 officers and men as the first echelon, dispatched 14 vehicles and rushed to the disaster area with more than 500 pieces of various earthquake rescue equipment. Yunnan Seismological Bureau immediately dispatched 43 on-site teams to carry relevant instruments and equipment overnight.

　　According to the earthquake situation, Dali Prefecture established the "5.21" Yangbi M6.4 earthquake relief headquarters, and sent nine working groups to nine towns to carry out earthquake relief work.

　　Starry night, just for life. As of 16: 00 on the 22nd, Yunnan dispatched 143 vehicles and 664 people from the national comprehensive fire rescue team to the earthquake area with 33 search dogs and search and rescue equipment, organized 11 rescue operations, and rescued 17 people trapped and buried. A comprehensive search was being conducted in towns and villages near the epicenter to ensure that no one household was missing.

On May 22nd, in maduo county, Golog Prefecture, Qinghai Province, officers and men of Golog detachment of Qinghai Armed Police Corps comforted the affected people in the tent (mobile phone photo). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Lu Zhennan)

　　After the Maduo earthquake, Qinghai immediately launched a secondary emergency response to major earthquake disasters. The Emergency Management Department of Qinghai Province promptly allocated 23 kinds of emergency relief materials, totaling 34,511 pieces, to Guoluo area. Qinghai Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps assembled 4 heavy rescue teams, 6 light rescue teams, 169 fire engines and 775 commanders and soldiers, and went to the earthquake area in batches for rescue.

　　At 3: 10 a.m. on the 22nd, under the unified deployment of the joint military and local earthquake relief headquarters, Zhou Limin, Minister of the People’s Armed Forces of maduo county, led 100 militiamen and drove 60 kilometers to the scene at 4: 15. In the process of troubleshooting, they found that a herder was buried under the rubble with a broken right leg and immediately organized forces to be sent to the hospital for treatment.

　　As of 10: 30, 18 fire engines and 90 officers and men of the fire rescue detachment of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture arrived in the earthquake zone to carry out rescue, and more than 750 households were visited and investigated.

　　Maduo county is high in altitude and low in temperature. Some bridges collapsed due to the earthquake and the rain and snow weather also affected the travel of rescue vehicles. Rescue forces such as the full-time headquarters of Qinghai Fire Rescue Corps, Xining City, Yushu Prefecture and the training and support detachment of Qinghai Fire Rescue Corps rushed to the earthquake zone.

　　Life is the most important thing, so that the affected people can realize "seven possessions"

　　Vegetarian fried broad beans, white rice, pickles soup and pickles are very common meals, which are especially sweet and precious to Qi Chen, a 25-year-old villager in Xiuling Village, Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County. He and other villagers have just experienced a thrilling earthquake. With the help of armed police officers and soldiers, they had their first meal after the earthquake.

On May 22nd, at the disaster relief resettlement site of boarding school in Huanghe Township, maduo county, teachers were making meat porridge for students. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Long photo

　　This is a warm scene in the front line of earthquake relief. After the earthquake, rescue forces from all sides adhered to the principle of "people first" and "life first", and made every effort to do a good job in personnel search and rescue and mass resettlement. A large number of relief materials such as tents and quilts arrived in the disaster area, and the affected people realized the "seven haves" of temporary shelter, food, clothing, water, medical services, security and health and epidemic prevention measures at the first time.

　　In the early morning of the 22nd, the reporter saw stones scattered on the roadside from time to time on the road entering the epicenter area of Yangbi earthquake in Yunnan. In the village in the city near the county seat, some old houses collapsed seriously.

　　In Xiuling Village, located in the epicenter, the walls of some houses were cracked, broken tiles were scattered on the ground, and cracks appeared on the ground. In the open space of the village, some blue disaster relief tents have been set up.

　　"Early this morning, the village cadres brought us water and bread and told us that we could no longer live in the house. Soon, fire officers and soldiers came to set up tents for us. " Villager Yang Shaomei said.

On May 22nd, in Xiuling Village, Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, medical staff treated the affected people. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao photo

　　Due to the successive earthquakes in Yangbi, some villagers were frightened, and medical staff were busy rescuing and soothing the villagers’ emotions. Xiong Tianqin, head of the medical emergency team of Dali People’s Hospital, told the reporter that after arriving in Xiuling Village this morning, he devoted himself to the rescue work, mainly to guide and appease the frightened villagers.

　　At present, the road into Yangbi County is smooth, and the expressway has opened a green channel for disaster relief. The county has set up 380 centralized resettlement sites, and through centralized and decentralized resettlement of 85,802 people, all towns and villages have organized people to evacuate to safety.

　　Maduo is the highest elevation county in Qinghai Province, with an average elevation of about 4,300 meters within 5 kilometers from the epicenter of the earthquake and a sparse population. On the way to the epicenter, the reporter also experienced severe altitude sickness such as dizziness and nausea.

　　The average annual temperature in maduo county is MINUS 4 degrees Celsius, and the local heating period is as long as 11 months. From the county seat, the top of the mountain in the distance is full of snow. At 14: 00 on the 22nd, the reporter’s Maduo County was only 2 degrees Celsius, and snowflakes were always floating in the air.

　　The reporter saw in the temporary resettlement site of maduo county Government Square that the staff were distributing steamed bread, flower rolls, hot tea and other foods to the masses and staff. "There is no loss at home, and the food eaten in the tent is guaranteed, and I feel very at ease." Only the Tibetan people who live in the resettlement sites can let Jia say.

On May 22nd, rescuers were carrying bedding for children at the disaster relief resettlement site of the boarding school in Huanghe Township, maduo county. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Long photo

　　In the earthquake rescue, the temporary resettlement sites were crowded with people, and a large number of rescuers entered the disaster area. Yunnan and Qinghai paid attention to both rescue and disaster relief and epidemic prevention and control.

　　At the mass resettlement site in Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County, rescue workers are wearing masks, and epidemic prevention personnel are doing environmental disinfection. In maduo county National Boarding Middle School, more than 850 students were placed in the blue disaster relief tent in the school playground, and the students were waiting in line to get masks. Cai Dan, director of the Political and Educational Affairs Department of maduo county National Boarding Middle School, said that at present, masks have been distributed to teachers and students of the school to ensure the safety of epidemic prevention and control.

　　United as one, go all out for earthquake relief

　　"Thanks to the party and the government, thanks to all the firefighters who were dispatched at the critical moment, and pay tribute to the more than 100 firefighters who were dispatched to Xiuling Village in Yangbi County … …” This is a video essay of Zhao Jing Hairdressing, a villager in Lijia Village, Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County.

On May 22, in Xiuling Village, Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, officers and men of the armed police sent materials to the affected people. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao photo

　　In the farmland open space in front of the village, some forest fire officers and soldiers are building tents. After more than ten minutes, a blue tent stands in front of them. Ji Xinyang, the detachment leader of Dali Forest Fire Brigade, said that after the earthquake, the detachment dispatched 110 people and rushed to the disaster area at the first time, and evacuated people, carried materials and set up tents in the villagers’ group of Dadihuan and Pingli overnight.

　　Where there is a disaster, there is a party organization; Where there is danger, there is party member. In the epicentre village, at various resettlement sites and at the Baotong construction site, party flag fluttered in the wind. In the earthquake-stricken areas of the two places, party member cadres have become the "vanguard" of earthquake relief, the "backbone" of the people in the disaster areas and the "caring people" of the affected people.

　　At 22: 20 on the 21st, Xiong Qingfeng, Minister of People’s Armed Forces of Yangbi County, took 15 fire brigade members and 30 backbone militia members from Cangshan West Town to Xiuling Village, Cangshan West Town, the epicenter, becoming the first rescue team in the state to arrive at the epicenter. Upon the arrival of the rescue team, 299 people from 80 households in the village were immediately dealt with, and emergency evacuation, hidden danger disposal, mass appeasement, tent erection and other work were carried out.

　　In maduo county, Zhang Yueqing, the headmaster of Tibetan boarding school in party member and Huanghe Township, regardless of personal safety, immediately organized teachers to evacuate students. She arranged everything from the tent to the dinner, just like the students’ "mother". "Many children ran out without wearing socks. We were worried that they would be cold when they slept, so we put thick mats on the floor." Zhang Yue Qing said.

　　The affected people and rescue forces went up and down Qi Xin to overcome the sudden disaster.

　　Li De, a sixth-grade student in Lijiacun Primary School, Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County, had a house that was shattered into a dangerous house and could not be lived. On the morning of the 22nd, he saw firefighters building tents continuously, and he was distressed that firefighters had not slept all night, so he took the initiative to help. "I saw that the fireman’s uncle was very hard, so I came to help." Ryder said.

A corner of the resettlement site in Xiuling Village, Yangbi County, Yunnan Province (photo of drone, taken on May 22). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao photo

　　Strong earthquakes occurred successively in Yunnan and Qinghai, which aroused great concern in society. After the earthquake, China Seismological Network Center organized experts to analyze and study the recent earthquake activities in Yangbi, Yunnan Province, and considered that the pre-main-residual earthquake sequence has been formed.

　　According to the Qinghai Seismological Bureau, after an emergency consultation with experts, it is comprehensively judged that the Maduo earthquake in Qinghai is the main earthquake-aftershock type, and the aftershock activity level is about 6, which will not have a great impact on the work or life in Xining, Haidong, Hainan and Huangnan.

　　The reporter learned that the next rescue and relief work still faces some difficulties. There are difficulties in the Yangbi earthquake-stricken area in Yunnan, such as deep disasters and heavy reconstruction tasks, and aftershocks continue, and the earth trembles from time to time when reporters interview; The earthquake-stricken area in Maduo, Qinghai has a high altitude and a low temperature. In the next three days, sleet will turn cloudy, and there will be snow in some areas, which will have a great impact on rescue.

　　On the 22nd, after the working group of the Emergency Management Department arrived in Yangbi County, it immediately communicated with the relevant responsible persons of the province, state and county about the development of the previous earthquake relief work, and rushed to the epicenter to check the disaster situation and express condolences to the affected people.

　　Gao Yufeng, a member of the Working Group of the Emergency Management Department, said that the next step will be to continue to search and rescue trapped people and rescue them, properly resettle the affected people, strengthen earthquake monitoring and geological disasters and other hidden dangers, and coordinate epidemic prevention and control and earthquake relief work to ensure social stability and stability.

　　In maduo county, the harsh natural climate can’t stop the rescue. The relevant person in charge of the Qinghai Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps said that it will make full efforts to help the trapped people as the primary task, pay close attention to the changes in the disaster situation, rationally deploy forces, go all out to search and rescue the trapped people in full coverage, thoroughly investigate all kinds of hidden dangers, and actively serve the production and life of the people in the disaster areas.

　　At present, Yunnan and Qinghai are doing a good job in distributing relief materials, transferring and resettling people, verifying and reporting disasters, medical treatment for the wounded, eliminating dangers in disaster areas and preventing secondary disasters in an orderly manner, and making every effort to win earthquake relief. (Reporter Wang Changshan, Chen Kai, Ji Zhepeng, Zi Qiang, Yang Xiudazhen, Liu Xiacun, Pu Chao, Li Zhanyi, Wang Yi, Xue Yubin, Zhang Long)

"Social cattle" and "social fear" are very popular words in modern society. Generally speaking, they are extroverts and introverts. These two kinds of people can be said to live at the two extremes of this society. Social cattle are always easy to attract other people’s ideas and get into a ball with others, but social fears are always difficult to be discovered. It seems that people who are easy to accomplish things are all "social cows", but on the other hand, those "everyone" seem to be "social fears".

Qi Baishi, a "patient with advanced social phobia"

Many people will ask if Qi Baishi, a master painter, is afraid of society. If he is afraid of society, how can he have an affair? He has been helped by nobles on his way to growth, and his "circle of friends" has also expanded a lot after his stage name has gradually increased. He often paints for celebrities at that time. But he is a veritable social fear, and he is still in the late stage. He refuses to be visited by the outside world by pretending to have a heart attack every day.

Qi Baishi was painting crabs, taken by Jack Burns in 1948.

When Qi Baishi learned from Wang Kaiyun in his early years, his nature of "social fear" was revealed. After Wang Kaiyun heard the story of Qi Baishi, he repeatedly expressed his willingness to accept him as a disciple, but Qi Baishi hesitated again and again, fearing that he would "flaunt himself by taking advantage of the situation", so that Wang Kaiyun felt that he was very strange, and he felt that he was "arrogant, not arrogant, fawning on others and refusing to fawn on him".

After living in Beijing, Qi Baishi was not found in the circle of painters. He declared in a seal that "all paintings will be unable to join." This withdrawn life style is quite strange, so he simply called himself, Ruiguang and Feng Jiu "the Three Weirds of the West City" and drew "The Three Weirds of the West City".

Qi Baishi’s Three Weird Pictures of Xicheng

It is his principle in life not to take sides, not to get angry and not to take part in arguments. In 1935, Zhang Daqian and Xu Yansun had an argument over a trivial matter in Morning News Pictorial. Fu Zengxiang, a famous scholar, wanted to mediate the contradiction in the form of dinner, and asked Qi Baishi to come forward. He refused to say, "I don’t like to meddle."

Qi Baishi wrote in Diary of Leaving the Garden

The word "three words" in Chang Shu is introspective and given to others.

In his later years, he offended many people because he didn’t like strangers. One of his students once dictated that Qi Baishi closed the door day and night, and there was a lock in the door. Someone went to see him. After the maid saw the appearance of the visitor through the crack of the door and asked about the situation, she went in and told him that if he opened the door only when he met, if he didn’t want to see it, he asked the maid to answer, "The master is not at home."

Qi Baishi’s social fear, as described in his poem "Before the eaves": "The green gate is not often opened after the age, and no one grows green moss in the small courtyard. The worm doesn’t know how to bully loneliness, but also drags petals over the wall. "

Genius Zhang Ailing’s Social Fear Life

"I am an eccentric girl", Zhang Ailing wrote in her work "Genius Dream" when she was 19 years old. She never concealed her eccentricity. She said, "I found that I had nothing but the dream of genius, and all I had was the quirks of genius. The world forgives Wagner’s laziness, but they won’t forgive me. " Even his own mother can’t accept her weirdness.

Zhang ailing’s mother has been teaching her to cook; Wash clothes with soap powder; Practice walking posture; Look at people’s glances; Remember to close the curtains after lighting; Look in the mirror to study facial expression; Don’t tell jokes if you don’t have a gift for humor. But all these teachings failed. She is still different from ordinary people. She still can’t peel apples or knit wool. She takes a rickshaw to the hospital for injections every day, but she doesn’t know the way to the hospital. More importantly, she doesn’t treat people well and is afraid of socializing: "I’m afraid of going to the barber shop, meeting guests and trying on clothes for the tailor." She is always full of fear and anxiety in the occasion of handing over people.

Until her later years, Zhang Ailing’s unsociable and disliked personality did not change. In the eyes of others, her behavior is a bit weird. "She often looks at the wall and sometimes faces the floor. I only heard her footsteps rustling, leaving a faint pink fragrance in the corridor. "

At that time, Zhang Ailing was a researcher at the China Research Center of the University of California, Berkeley. Berkeley University arranged for Taiwan Province scholar Chen Shaocong to be Zhang Ailing’s assistant. They were in the same office, separated only by a thin layer. Chen Shaocong was in the outer room and Zhang Ailing was in the inner room. Chen Shaocong found that Zhang Ailing disliked people very much and deliberately avoided the crowd. Therefore, Chen Shaocong always tidies up the information that needs to be given to Zhang Ailing, and puts it on her desk when Zhang Ailing is away, in this way to reduce contact with Zhang Ailing. In order to completely put an end to contact with others, Zhang Ailing did not go to work during the day. When others were about to get off work, she came to the unit and worked until late at night.

Zhang Ailing and laya

Colleague Chen Shixiang is hospitable and often holds parties at home. Although Zhang Ailing doesn’t like communication, she sometimes has to attend, but even if she does, it gives people a feeling of being unsociable. On one occasion, Chen Shixiang held another party at home. Chen pointed to some friends and said, Everyone is like a big family. However, Zhang Ailing said that she was most afraid of big families, which made everyone very disappointed. On another occasion, Chen Shixiang hosted a banquet for Zhang Ailing at home, and specially invited several junior students to accompany him. On that day, Zhang Ailing and Chen Shixiang were sitting on the sofa together. Chen Shixiang talked a lot, but Zhang Ailing rarely spoke. She only talks to Chen Shixiang, and occasionally she should be greeted by Mrs. Chen, ignoring others. After having been to Chen Shixiang’s home twice, Zhang Ailing never went to socialize, and she refused politely how the Chen couple invited her.

Zhang ailing in her later years

Bai Luomei, a modern writer, commented on Zhang Ailing: "In this bizarre world, no one can live a smooth life. However, I always believe that those who have gone through the Shan Yu of Pinghu and the mountains and rivers over the years will be more vivid and clean. Zhang Ailing is a clean person. She has never bowed her head and given in. She blinks her eyes with a cold and alienated attitude. Her heart is strong and clear, and she lives like no one else’s watching, resigned to her fate. "

Zhang Ailing walked in this world with her own talent, and she got the freedom she wanted with her own talent, which added a lot of color to China’s modern and contemporary literature.

Wang Guowei as honest as ham

Wang Guowei, a master of Chinese studies, was withdrawn and melancholy since childhood and was not good at words. And looks sleepy, short, flat nose, yellow face. Hu Shiyan: "It looks really ugly." Lu Xun said, "Honest as a ham".

In today’s words, Wang Guowei is a social phobia patient. Not good at making friends with others, but studying alone. But it is precisely because he has a lot of time to be alone with himself that he can devote himself to studying knowledge-he has profound attainments in Chinese studies, studied A Dream of Red Mansions and wrote A Dream of Red Mansions Review, which made the first comparative study paper on Chinese and Western literature in the history of China literature research and became a milestone in Dream of Red Mansions; He is also an outstanding poet, who wrote Ci Hua on Earth and commented on China’s old literature with a brand-new eye. It took him only four years to write the earliest book about the history of traditional Chinese opera in China, A Textual Research on Traditional Chinese Opera in Song and Yuan Dynasties. He is proficient in many languages, teaches himself English and German, and can study the original works of Kant and Schopenhauer.

Four tutors of Tsinghua Research Institute

Cai Yuanpei, president of Peking University, asked him to be a professor four times, but he declined. Finally, Cai Yuanpei "looked after the thatched cottage five times" and stated that Wang Guowei agreed only if he wrote letters to teach remotely, but he still insisted on not paying. This is the famous "Four Tutors of Tsinghua Research Institute" (Wang Guowei, Liang Qichao, Chen Yinque, Zhao Yuanren).

Wang Guowei and Luo Zhenyu’s Achievement of "The Study of King Luo"

In Wang Guowei’s life, Luo Zhenyu was his only confidant, and they met for 30 years. During their stay in China, they wrote the modern archaeological work "Slips of Quicksand" by. Lu Xun evaluated it as a real national study. In addition, both Wang Luo and Wang Luo were interested in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Luo Zhenyu wrote Textual Research on the Book Deeds of Yin Ruins, Wang Guowei wrote Textual Research on the Seniors and Kings in Yin Oracle Inscriptions in 1917, and then wrote a Continued Examination. Together with Guo Moruo and Dong Zuobin, they became the "four halls of Oracle Bone Inscriptions".

After completing one groundbreaking academic research by himself, Wang Guowei committed suicide at the age of 50 by investing in Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace. Just the night before, he was still talking about academics at Chen Yinque’s home. Chen Yinque didn’t feel any difference. Unexpectedly, Wang Guowei had a suicide note in his pocket at this time, with only a few 122 words-fifty years, only to die, but after this world change, he was no longer humiliated …

Taishan collapsed in front of him without changing color.

Lin Biao, as one of the top ten founding marshals of New China, is indifferent and rarely communicates with others. Whenever he is cold, it is difficult for people around him to have a heart-to-heart conversation with him. He is so indifferent that even the cook can’t help him with food, otherwise he won’t eat.

According to the data, at that time, the generals of the four fields often went to the headquarters for meetings. Lin Biao never greeted them, only talked about business when they met, and then got up and left. At most, he threw the fried soybean bag in his hand in front of each other and asked them if they would eat. The staff around him recalled that Lin Biao was particularly afraid of the wind, never walked outdoors, and liked to walk alone in a quiet room, never getting together with others. This very specific living habit and withdrawn personality made Lin Biao look a bit different among the founding generals.

Suffering from his illness, he became more unsmiling and serious as a woodcarving. During his three years in the Soviet Union, he turned his energy to studying the works of famous military strategists in Britain, France, Germany, Russia and other countries, devoted himself to studying military theory, locked himself in his room every day, pacing, circling and studying maps endlessly, and repeatedly, without any change.

Lin Biao likes to eat soybeans

After returning to China, Lin Biao quickly threw himself into the intense work, and he was silent when he paid back the debt, because he lost communication with people around him because of his busy work. Lin Biao, a personal attendant in Nanshan Villa, stayed with Lin Biao for more than ten days. Lin Biao didn’t say a word to him, and Lin Biao rarely spoke to his secretary. His voice was hardly heard in the villa. When he was on a special plane, he said very little. As long as he sat in the box, he either read the documents or leaned against the glass window of the plane to meditate and look out. It often took an hour to look at it. Only once did he tell the waiter on the special plane that there were still shrapnel on his spine, and he was always afraid of the wind, the cold and the sun.

Lin Biao in life is insulated from jokes. If anything, he has only played a joke with everyone once in his life, and it’s not even funny. As an outstanding "God of War", Lin Biao is naturally favored by the opposite sex. However, in this respect, Lin Biao has never done anything out of line. Some people have commented that Lin Biao has reached the point of "disgusting women".

However, because of his indifferent personality, he can calmly deal with no matter how difficult he encounters in the military. Known as "Taishan collapsed in front of him without changing his face".

In addition to the above-mentioned celebrities in history, there are also many celebrities who are "socially fearful" today. For example, Tony Leung Chiu Wai, a boy in the hearts of many fans, and Stephen Chow, who brought us laughter after 1980s. In this impetuous era, it may give many advantages to the glib social cattle. They can make friends more easily and show themselves more easily. However, it is precisely because of the impetuousness of the times that we should give ourselves more time to settle down and explore and dig deep in our own fields-perhaps it is not bad to be a "social fear" seriously!

Are you a social fear or a social cow?

Write | Jane

People’s Daily Online, Beijing, June 21 (Hao Ping, Wu Nan) Recently, the National Immigration Administration organized and directed the Yunnan Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station to destroy a large transnational smuggling gang through line investigation, project management and international police law enforcement cooperation. The reporter learned from the National Immigration Bureau today that 323 people were arrested in this operation, and the gang’s principal "snakehead" Li was successfully arrested and handed over to China, and was transferred to Yingjiang County People’s Procuratorate in Dehong Prefecture for review and prosecution on June 20, and the "snake catching" operation achieved new results.

The smuggling suspect identified the scene. Photo courtesy of the National Immigration Bureau

In September, 2021, Sun Mou and Zhu Mou, who attempted to sneak out of the country to engage in illegal and criminal activities, surrendered themselves to the immigration management police of Yunnan Dehong Border Management Detachment because of the tight border control measures and the high-pressure situation, and explained the relevant case clues. Yunnan Dehong Border Management Detachment immediately organized elite police to set up a task force to follow the line for investigation. After sorting out and combing, a large transnational organization smuggling criminal gang that has been active in the border areas of Yunnan for a long time, headed by Li, a China-born "snakehead" hiding abroad, colluded with the "snakehead" in the mainland, and organized and transported others to sneak across the country (border) by means of segmentation, batch, walking and avoiding cards …

According to the investigation, the criminal suspect Luo Mou colluded with the overseas "snakehead" Li Mou to transport the people who tried to sneak out of the country from the inland provinces to the transit point in Dehong Prefecture, and then the gang member Cao Mou and others arranged for the vehicles to be transported to the border areas, while the overseas "snakehead" Li Mou arranged for the overseas smugglers Yu Mou and others to transport the illegal outbound people overseas to engage in cross-border illegal and criminal activities through segmented transportation.

Through analysis, the task force believes that the smuggling gang has a clear internal division of labor, hidden means of committing crimes and a strong sense of anti-investigation, and has formed a whole-process criminal chain such as mainland recruitment, inter-provincial transportation, transit hiding, border leading, and overseas response.

Suspected stowaways and vehicles seized by the immigration management police. Photo courtesy of the National Immigration Bureau

The reporter learned that in order to crack down on cross-border illegal and criminal activities in the whole chain and network, the State Administration of Immigration listed the case as a supervised case, and instructed the Yunnan Entry-Exit Frontier Inspection Station to carry out case investigation in an all-round way according to the investigation idea of "fighting gangs, cutting off channels, beheading snakeheads and destroying networks".

On February 22 this year, the investigation by the task force found that Luo frequently contacted Yu and others in an attempt to transport China nationals illegally out of the country from the border of Yingjiang County, Dehong Prefecture. On February 27th, a suspicious truck bound for the border caught the attention of the task force. Under the guidance of Luo Mou, a "snakehead", when Yu Mou, a foreign guide hiding somewhere on the border, was preparing to board the bus to lead the transfer of people who tried to sneak out of the country, the police took decisive action to quickly control Luo Mou, Yu Mou, and other key members of the smuggling gang, successfully arrested 4 illegal exit people and detained 3 vehicles involved.

"Snake Head" Li was hunted down and brought to justice. Photo courtesy of the National Immigration Bureau

In view of Li, a "snakehead" who has been hiding abroad for a long time, the State Immigration Bureau listed him as an important target of the "snake catching" operation, and instructed Yunnan Border Inspection Station to make full use of police law enforcement cooperation channels to strengthen communication and cooperation among overseas law enforcement agencies. On April 16, Li was successfully arrested and handed over to China on April 30. On June 20th, Yunnan Dehong Border Management Detachment transferred Li to Yingjiang County People’s Procuratorate of Dehong Prefecture for review and prosecution.

It is understood that up to now, the task force has arrested 85 organizers and transporters, smashed 9 dens, seized 172 stowaways, seized 47 vehicles involved, and cracked more than 30 cases of smuggling, gambling and telecommunication network fraud, arrested 66 suspects and seized and frozen more than 10 million yuan of funds involved.

CCTV News:According to the National Health and Wellness Commission, the National Health and Wellness Commission appointed a working group to lead experts with rich experience in emergency medical rescue from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, beijing jishuitan hospital, Beijing Children’s Hospital and Peking University Sixth Hospital to rush to the disaster area, form a joint rescue team with provincial and municipal experts and local medical staff, and station in local medical institutions to ensure the high-level treatment of the wounded. Two medical emergency teams of the National Emergency Medical Rescue Team from west china hospital and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital were dispatched, including 21 experts from trauma, severe illness, neurosurgery, orthopedics and general surgery. They arrived in the disaster areas of Gansu Province and Qinghai Province respectively this morning (December 19) to invest in emergency medical rescue and treatment of the wounded.

After the earthquake, the National Health and Wellness Commission immediately launched the national blood linkage guarantee mechanism to understand the blood supply situation, monitor the blood stocks in Gansu, Qinghai and neighboring provinces, and require neighboring provinces to moderately increase the blood stocks to ensure the blood supply in the disaster areas in a safe range. At present, there are no difficulties in blood security in Gansu and Qinghai provinces.

　　　　　　 The National CDC urgently dispatched three national teams for the prevention and control of sudden acute infectious diseases undertaken by Gansu and Qinghai provinces to the disaster area, and requested the China CDC to immediately organize experts to carry out post-disaster public health risk assessment. At the same time, do a good job in sending a national public health expert group to the disaster area to provide guidance and support at any time.

The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security dispatches forces to ensure road traffic in the earthquake zone.

This morning, the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security held an emergency video dispatching meeting to dispatch the traffic emergency management of the Linxia 6.2 earthquake in Gansu. The traffic police corps in Gansu and Qinghai launched special emergency plans, and the traffic police corps in Shaanxi and Ningxia actively cooperated with the work of remote diversion, publicity and persuasion.

Up to now, the roads in Linxia Prefecture of Gansu Province are normal, and the roads leading to Jishishan County, the epicenter, have not been blocked, and no obvious damage has been found to expressway bridges, tunnels and pavements in China. Qinghai S206 Hequn Gorge Section, G310 Gonghe Section and S201 Zhangjiasi Village Section have rocks and landslides, and half of the roads are in two directions. The transportation departments and highway maintenance units are carrying out road maintenance.　

　　　　　　 The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security has started the joint logistics mechanism of traffic support for earthquake relief around Gansu, monitoring the road traffic situation around Gansu, especially around the earthquake zone, and timely dispatching and handling sudden traffic alarms.

　　　　　　 State Administration of Mine Safety: Comprehensively investigate mining enterprises in the earthquake-stricken areas of Qinghai, Gansu.

　　　　　　 At present, earthquake rescue is underway. The State Administration of Mine Safety has launched an emergency response at the first time, dispatching and guiding Gansu Bureau and Qinghai Bureau to conduct a comprehensive investigation of mining enterprises in the earthquake-stricken areas, find out the disaster situation of mining enterprises, and organize emergency rescue and disposal work.

Aerospace science and technology group deployed four satellites to monitor the disaster situation in the earthquake zone, and the latest 2-meter high-scoring image of the earthquake zone was released.

After the 6.2 earthquake in Jishishan County, Linxia, Gansu Province, China Resources Satellite Application Center of Aerospace Science and Technology Group urgently deployed four satellites to monitor the disaster situation in the earthquake area. At present, the 2-meter-high-score image data of the earthquake zone obtained by Gaofen-1 satellite has been mapped, which covers the disaster-stricken areas including Jishishan County, Dahejia, Liuji Township and Liugou.

　　　　　　 Landslides, dammed lakes and building collapses can be obtained through high-resolution remote sensing satellite images. Next, the Resource Satellite Center will also obtain clearer sub-meter satellite images for relevant departments to make decision-making analysis on post-disaster rescue.

　　　　　　 Pterosaur UAV went to Gansu earthquake area to carry out emergency rescue.

　　　　　　 The reporter learned from the Aviation Industry Group that after the earthquake in Jishishan County, Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province, some infrastructure such as water, electricity, transportation and communication were damaged. At present, according to the actual situation in the disaster-stricken areas, the pterosaur -2H emergency rescue drone flew to the disaster site from Zigong at noon today, and after arriving in the mission area this afternoon, it carried out tasks such as emergency communication support and disaster reconnaissance.

The Ministry of Water Resources launched a four-level emergency response to flood and drought disaster prevention

After the M6.2 earthquake in Jishishan County, Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province, the Ministry of Water Resources has launched a four-level emergency response for flood and drought disaster prevention, and quickly deployed and promoted the investigation and elimination of earthquake damage in water conservancy projects. The investigation found that the rural drinking water pipeline in Gansu earthquake area was seriously damaged. There are more than 30 earthquake damages to drinking water pipelines in Minhe County, Qinghai Province. Some irrigation channels collapsed and cracks appeared in the management building of water conservancy projects in the earthquake-stricken areas of the two provinces, and no major danger has been found yet. Near the epicenter, the water level and discharge of the hydrological sections of the main stream of the Yellow River and its tributaries, such as Zhangjiagou, did not rise or fall sharply, and the water regime was stable. There was no precipitation in the earthquake zone yesterday, and it is expected that there will still be no precipitation in the next three days. At present, the two provinces are organizing emergency investigation and emergency repair of earthquake-damaged water conservancy projects.

　　The word "auspiciousness" first appeared in "Zhuangzi’s Human Life": "Empty room gives birth to white, and auspiciousness stops". Auspicious patterns are formed by the accumulation and precipitation of various ethnic groups in long-term social activities, and their themes directly come from production and life and are deeply rooted in people’s hearts. Through auspicious patterns, we can see Chinese’s life consciousness, aesthetic taste, feelings of home and country and national character.

　　Xianglong ruifeng

　　andAuspicious patterns of harmonious symbiosis

　　The auspicious patterns originated from the combination of simple nature worship and psychological needs of Chinese ancestors in the early days. In the process of adapting to and transforming nature, people are puzzled by natural phenomena such as the sun, moon, stars, wind, rain, thunder and lightning, so they regard all things in nature as gods, and have reverence and primitive worship for nature, so they paint, weave, dye and embroider auspicious patterns such as auspicious birds, animals, flowers, birds, fish and insects on clothes to pray for the protection of the gods. This cultural phenomenon is constantly derived and developed with the exchanges and exchanges between various ethnic groups, which constitutes the world outlook of harmonious coexistence between man and nature in the Chinese nation.

　　As auspicious patterns in China traditional costumes, dragon and phoenix patterns are deeply loved by people of all ethnic groups. According to their cultural traditions and aesthetic tastes, all ethnic groups process and utilize them, and combine them with various natural images to create new variant patterns.

　　The blue silk brocade robe of Manchu nationality in Qing Dynasty collected by the National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology is woven with eight pieces of golden dragons, with auspicious patterns such as ruyiyun, bat, longevity peach and eight auspicious patterns. The weaving process is exquisite and the patterns are vivid. The hem of the dragon robe is decorated with precious stones, which stand on the rolling water waves, meaning that the mountains and rivers will be forever solid and peaceful throughout the world.

　　In contrast to the majestic and solemn images in Manchu robes, the dragon and phoenix patterns on the wedding dresses of Han women with flat gold, silver and dragon patterns from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China show a festive and peaceful scene. On the wedding dress, it is a woman’s gown embroidered with dragon and phoenix patterns in blue satin and gold and silver, and a horse-face skirt embroidered with dragon and phoenix patterns in red satin and Ping Jin is assembled below. The left and right dresses are embroidered with auspicious patterns such as dragon, phoenix, mandarin duck, peony, lotus and Xiangyun, which are symmetrically distributed around the front of the door, forming a composition style of "dragon to phoenix", which is gorgeous and rich.

　　▲ Manchu blue silk brocade robe.

　　▲ Han people’s flat gold, silver, dragon and phoenix female wedding clothes.

　　The dragon and phoenix patterns in Zhuang brocade can be divided into figurative and abstract patterns, which are mainly combined forms such as dragon-to-phoenix, dragon-to-phoenix, and double dragon-to-pearl, which together with other animal and plant patterns form a complete pattern. The folk saying of Zhuang nationality, "Ten Zhuang brocade and nine phoenixes are alive like phoenixes coming out of brocade", vividly reflects the Zhuang people’s worship and love for phoenixes.

　　The brocade of dragon, phoenix, lion and deer pattern of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi is woven with auspicious birds and beasts such as dragon, phoenix, chicken, lion and deer, and the pattern colors of blue, green, red, purple and pink are particularly eye-catching on the orange background. Zhuang people often use flowers instead of pearls for dragon patterns, and the combination of dragon and phoenix and flower tree patterns highlights the exchange and blending of strong and strong folk cultures.

　　▲ Zhuang nationality dragon and phoenix lion deer brocade pattern.In the costumes of all ethnic groups in China, there are also patterns in which birds replace phoenix.The patterns of dragons and birds in Miao costumes are flexible and changeable. Dragons can be combined with snakes, insects, fish and other animals. Bird patterns include fish-tailed bird patterns and dragon-tailed bird patterns, and the decorative style is full of simple and naive beauty.

　　The collection of Guizhou Pingyang-style birds’ clothing is a costume worn by the local Miao people during the drum festival. The fabric of the clothing is silk, with silkworm brocade as the base material in the middle of the back, Ping Xiu dragons, birds, phoenixes, fish, butterflies, flowers and other patterns on it, and the ribbon skirt is decorated with white bird feathers and pearl ornaments of Coix seed, which has a strong sense of ceremony and obvious decorative effect.

　　▲ Back view of Miao silkworm brocade bird clothing.

　　Fu Lu shou Xi

　　Character decoration with the same origin of painting and calligraphy

　　Characters are the symbol system used by human beings to record languages, and the art of Chinese characters is an important carrier of Chinese civilization. For thousands of years, the formation and development of the pluralistic and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation has largely benefited from the continuous and in-depth exchanges and exchanges between people of all ethnic groups in the common Chinese characters. This highly symbolic and visualized character has a broad mass base and cultural identity advantages.Therefore, directly decorating auspicious and beautiful words and sentences as patterns has become a major feature of Chinese traditional costume culture.

　　According to archaeological data and documents, the decorative application of characters on textiles can be traced back to the early Western Han Dynasty. Inherited from generation to generation, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such characters as Fu, Lu, Shou, Xi, Cai, Gui and Ji were widely used as decorative patterns in clothing and textiles by various ethnic groups because of their direct expression, such as a hundred-year-old picture, a hundred-year-old picture, a double happiness picture and so on. The decorative art of auspicious characters is easy to understand and intuitively reflects the artistic creativity and imagination of people of all ethnic groups.

　　The collection of Qing Dynasty Han people’s azurite satin embroidered "Fu Ru Dong Hai Shou Bi Nan Shan" pattern belly pocket, the fabric is made of azurite pigment satin, and the center is embroidered with mythical figures and beasts symbolizing longevity, such as Antarctic Xianweng, deer and crane. Around Ping Xiu, the eight Chinese characters "Fu Ru Dong Hai Shou Bi Nan Shan" are embroidered with pomegranate, grapes, preserved melons, bergamot, gourds and peaches, which means many children and many blessings.

　　▲ Han azurite satin embroidery "Fu Ru Dong Hai Shou Bi Nan Shan" pattern belly pocket.

　　In the collection of the Qing Dynasty, the purple silk clothes with the pattern of dark flowers were woven on the purple silk material, and the black satin edge inlaid with the skirt and the white sleeves on the cuffs were embroidered with the word of three blue. "Xi" is an auspicious character formed by the combination of two separate words "Xi", which means "happiness is added to happiness". This garment, in terms of fabric material, pattern theme, embroidery technology and decorative style, reflects the exchange and integration of Han nationality in clothing culture at this time, which also directly affected the etiquette fashion and aesthetic orientation of folk women wearing clothes at that time.

　　Tujia brocade is also called "Xilankapu", which means "flower bedding". Beautiful brocade, like a girl’s face, is an important way to show diligence, intelligence and personality to relatives and friends, and it is also a necessary dowry at the wedding. Tujia people don’t have their own characters, and they have long used Chinese characters because of their early contact with Han people in history. In Qing dynasty, "returning to the native land" further promoted its exchanges and exchanges with all ethnic groups.

　　The brocade quilt of Fu Lushou, a Tujia nationality in Hunan Province, is mainly composed of auspicious characters such as Fu, Lu, Shou and Xi, which are filled in the diamond-shaped geometric skeleton, decorated with swastika characters along the border, and set off the character patterns with contrasting colors such as red, green, blue, yellow, blue and white, black and white, and the colors are full and gorgeous.

　　It is worth mentioning that the brocade arranges the characters in positive and negative mirror symmetry, emphasizing "painting with words" and giving auspicious characters more flexible changes. It is in the process of cultural exchange and blending of all ethnic groups that the diversified and integrated national costume art is formed.

　　Auspicious figures

　　till/extremelyHumanistic idea of beauty being good

　　In national costumes, figure patterns bear a nation’s historical memory and value orientation. The theme of figure patterns in traditional costumes mainly includes mythical figures, historical figures, folk figures and portraits of beautiful women. The story behind the characters has always played a role in rallying people’s hearts and promoting unity in different times.Putting history on the body is not only a symbol to show cultural characteristics, but also to connect the past with the present life and realize the harmony and unity between man and heart.

　　The collection of Han people’s blue satin multicolored embroidered twelve groups of women’s jackets with wide sleeves is based on the theme of Guo Ziyi, a figure in the Tang Dynasty, and the twelve groups of figures are colored embroidered: the middle of the dress is embroidered with a pattern of Guo Ziyi’s birthday; Embroidered characters on the front sleeve and the bottom show the elegant character of ancient literati through the scene combination of characters touching the piano, playing chess, writing and enjoying paintings. There is an embroidered pattern on the back of the dress to celebrate the birthday of the couple, which shows the scene of Guo Ziyi’s son and daughter-in-law celebrating their birthday hand in hand. There are six embroidery patterns on the shoulders, back sleeves and bottom of the clothes. The figures in the patterns extend the meanings of "three levels of promotion", "high position in the position of Lu", "evergreen", "opening an hundred sons", "good luck in the year" and "sending seals for promotion" through different birthday gifts, and express their feelings.

　　▲ Front view of Han nationality blue satin multicolored embroidered twelve-group-pattern wide-sleeved women’s jacket.

　　▲ The back view of Han nationality blue satin multicolored embroidered twelve regiments with wide sleeves.

　　There are many decorative figures in Miao costumes in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou. The Miao people’s figure-patterned children’s tops in Ping Huang, Guizhou Province are also called "little people’s clothes" or "children’s clothes" locally. The garment body is embroidered with two kinds of ancestor patterns, large and small, which represent the Miao ancestors who protect the family’s peace.

　　The figure pattern is also the most representative theme in the traditional clothing pattern of Li nationality in Hainan. In the tapestries of five branches of Li dialects, there are many figures depicting ancestor worship, production and life, love and marriage. Among them, in the traditional costumes of Rundialect, the image of ancestors was created into geometric humanoid patterns, and the Li people’s recollection of ancestors was reflected through a large number of repeated layouts.

　　The Shuang Mianxiu women’s dress in the collection of Li nationality in Hainan is a typical dress of Rundialect women. The pattern style is simple, and it is embroidered by Shuang Mianxiu stitch. The pattern decoration on the dress is concentrated in the easily worn places such as neckline, sleeve edge, sides of the dress and hem, and the stitch is fine, which not only expresses the decorative metaphor, but also reflects the practical function of the pattern.

　　▲ Children’s Tops with Miao Characters in Ping Huang, Guizhou.

　　▲ Shuang Mianxiu, a Li nationality in Hainan, wore the first dress.

　　There is also an auspicious figure pattern created in the traditional costumes of the Han nationality to pray for children’s reproduction and life inheritance — — Baby play pattern. Among the cultural relics in the collection, there are two Zi Ying opera-patterned tops in Qing Dynasty.

　　One is a red jacquard silk multicolored embroidered group python boy zodiac sea water pattern gown, with 50 sets of baby play patterns embroidered all over. The boy stepped on the pattern of golden flowers and gourds, holding mascots such as Ganoderma lucidum, osmanthus, lotus, blessing characters, copper coins and blessing lanterns, and his expression was vivid and lively.

　　The other is a double-breasted blouse with flowers, green satin and gold, which is woven into a total of 100 children. They beat drums and gongs, set off firecrackers, or danced with lions and played with fans, and also showed scenes such as Gemini playing lotus and sending officials and blessings. The patterns of the ancient philosophers are supplemented by auspicious patterns such as rich peony, beaming, and Fulu Nanshan.

　　▲ Han nationality flower blue satin woven gold baizi pattern double-breasted female jacket.

　　Baizi pattern is a pattern that shows children’s play. It originated from the allusion of Zhou Wenwang’s birth of an hundred children in The Book of Songs, and later evolved into a pattern that symbolizes the prosperity of a hundred children and a thousand grandchildren. It is a very popular pattern theme among the people, and it is also a well-established auspicious decoration on wedding utensils in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Many pieces of ancient clothes worn by the Empress were also unearthed in Dingling of Ming Dynasty in Beijing, which reflected the concept of praying for happiness in all levels of agricultural civilization.

　　(The pictures in this article are provided by the National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of Fashion. Authors: Gao Dandan, Yuan Zonggang, Tian Hui, National Costume Museum of Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology. This article was published in the first issue of China Nationality magazine in 2023. )

　　In the open space, in a flexible way, with a variety of means, cleverly arrange classroom space, complete teaching, and try to make all children gain and make progress in different seats.

　　"I’m worried that it will affect my study in the back row", "I’m worried that my child will be influenced by my classmates around me" and "I’m worried that my child is too far away from the teacher" … … Some media surveys have found that some parents are very concerned about their children’s seats, and how to arrange seats, who to sit at the same table with and the distance between teachers and students have become the focus of attention. Whether seats are highly correlated with academic performance is worth discriminating.

　　It should be noted that based on the individual differences of students, such as height, vision, personality, etc., sitting in the front or back, in the middle or on both sides, the listening effect will inevitably be different. Many parents think that "seating affects ranking", so that the so-called "golden seat" appears, but in fact, it simplifies the attribution of learning problems and focuses on bias. Teachers and parents should pay the most attention to treating seats rationally, helping students learn reasonably and guiding children to grow up effectively.

　　From the perspective of education, seats are not physical chairs, and different arrangements reflect different educational ideas. For example, in the traditional "paddy field" seating arrangement, all students sit facing the teacher and the blackboard, and the teacher is often the "focus" of the classroom; "Group-style" placement is conducive to exchanges and discussions between students and easy to create a relaxed classroom environment. How to arrange seats is part of the exploration of classroom reform. At present, many schools have a consensus that there are no fixed seats in the class, and it is a common practice to rotate around regularly, adjust back and forth, and make fine adjustments according to the special situation of students. Facts have also proved that schools and teachers arrange seats scientifically and reasonably to reassure parents and students; Parents fully trust schools and teachers to help their children focus on their main business. Only in this way can they pay less attention to "where to sit" and more attention to "how to learn".

　　The seat problem that many parents care about is actually the problem of children’s learning space in the classroom. Some people think that the classroom is not a single uniform space cube, but is composed of many interacting microenvironments. This puts forward a more in-depth topic for schools and teachers: how to arrange seats according to the learning content, interaction and cooperation, and teaching needs, rather than letting students sit still. In the open space, in a flexible way, with multiple means, skillfully arrange classroom space and complete teaching, and try to make all children gain and make progress in different seats, so parents don’t have to care too much about the seat problem.

　　Looking at education through parents’ caring seats also reflects a new problem, that is, how parents can find a reasonable space for educational participation. Many teachers believe that parents’ intervention in row seats in various ways is an excessive participation in children’s learning and school education. There is no distinction between good and bad seats, only whether they are suitable or not. This needs to be explored gradually from the whole classroom, the relationship between classmates and the individual children. Parents think that the "golden seat" may not be suitable for children, nor may it be suitable for the classroom. Whether you study well depends mainly on your study habits, methods, concentration, self-management and home-school atmosphere. For parents, instead of trying to "choose seats", it is better to accompany their children to "cultivate habits", guide their children realistically, participate in management moderately and effectively, and make suggestions scientifically and rationally. Only in this way can children learn and grow in a suitable and suitable environment.

　　Some people say that education with space is a good education. This is both spatial and cognitive. Education and teaching are inseparable from the sense of space. Classroom seating needs to be flexibly adjusted, and teachers and parents should also participate in guidance on the basis of reasonable and scientific laws, so as to create enough learning space and growth space for students and achieve a win-win situation of learning knowledge and growth and progress. No matter where you sit, you will be a "golden seat" and you will be able to learn something.

Xiang jiao Ji Jian [2018〕120number

With the consent of the provincial people’s government, we hereby print and distribute the measures for the administration of the construction of ordinary national highways in Hunan Province to you, please follow them.

Hunan Provincial Department of Transportation　　　

2018yearsixmoon18sun

Measures for the administration of the construction of ordinary national and provincial highways in Hunan Province

chapter one　 total　 rule

the first　 In order to strengthen the management of provincial highway construction in the province, these measures are formulated in accordance with the provisions of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Highway Law, Measures for the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Highway Law in Hunan Province, Regulations on the Quality and Safety in Production of Traffic Construction Projects in Hunan Province and other relevant laws, regulations, rules and policies, and combined with the actual situation in our province.

the second　 Ordinary national highways refer to the national highways and provincial highways in ordinary highways, and the projects included in the construction planning of ordinary national highways in the whole province are suitable for these measures.

Provincial highway construction in ordinary countries includes new reconstruction and pavement improvement. Among them, pavement improvement refers to the improvement of the pavement condition of the original highway, including laying new pavement, improving safety facilities, implementing highway standardization and beautification projects, etc., without widening the subgrade of the whole line or upgrading the technical level.

Article 　The construction of provincial highways in ordinary countries should follow the basic principles of unified planning, graded responsibility, fixed subsidy, reliable quality and safety.

Article 4 　All relevant units shall, in accordance with the relevant requirements of the reform of highway construction management system, revise relevant regulations and normative documents in a timely manner, improve the management system, refine supporting measures, and continuously improve the management level of highway construction.

chapter two　 job　 duty

Article 5 　The municipal people’s government is the main body responsible for the provincial highway construction projects in ordinary countries, and is responsible for the preliminary preparation of the project, the determination of the project legal person, the financing of construction, land acquisition and demolition, construction management, overall coordination and other work. General national and provincial highway construction projects strictly implement the project legal person responsibility system, bidding system, project supervision system and contract management system. The project legal person is responsible for the organization and implementation of the project.

Article 6 　The municipal people’s government should strengthen the management of provincial highway construction in ordinary countries,Establish corresponding coordination and management institutions,Responsible for overall planning, coordination and management of provincial highway construction in ordinary countries.

Article 7 　The relevant departments of the province are responsible for the preparation of general national and provincial highway construction plans, the arrangement of annual plans, the formulation of technical guidance, the co-ordination of pre-project management, the raising of provincial grant funds, and the development of industry supervision.

chapter three　 Pre-project work

Article 8 　The Provincial Department of Transportation is responsible for the relevant departments of the province to prepare the construction plan of the province’s ordinary national and provincial roads, and implement it after being approved by the provincial people’s government in accordance with relevant regulations. The planning of provincial highway construction in ordinary countries should be made in accordance with the principle of "reasonable layout, appropriate scale, networking, smooth external connection and smooth internal connection" in order to give full play to the overall benefits of the road network.

Article 9 　ordinaryGuoshan roadThe feasibility study report of the construction project shall be submitted to the competent investment department with corresponding management authority for approval after the industry audit opinion is put forward by the Provincial Department of Transportation. The preliminary design and construction drawing design of the project shall be examined and approved by the municipal and state transportation authorities. City and state transportation departments shall not be ordinaryGuoshan roadThe design approval authority is then delegated to the county-level transportation authorities.

Article 10 　Construction projects included in the provincial general national and provincial highway construction planning are regarded as approved project proposals, and highway pavement improvement projects that do not involve new land are regarded as approved project feasibility study reports of the province.

Article 11 　According to the plan, the Provincial Department of Transportation arranges the annual plan according to the progress of the preliminary work of the project and the financing situation. For the cities and states with strong fund-raising, fast progress and good quality in the construction projects of ordinary national highways within their jurisdiction, the province will give priority to the investment plans of other ordinary national highways in the planning.

chapter four　 Project design

Article 12 　In the new reconstruction projectBridge with complicated technology (suspension bridge, cable-stayed bridge, single span)L≥40mArch bridge, single spanL≥100mContinuous (rigid frame) beam bridges, new structural bridges, etc.) and extra-long and long tunnels are technically complex projects, and the rest are ordinary projects.

Article 13 　First-class highways and construction projects with complex schemes and great technical difficulties should be designed in two stages.,Other projects can be designed in one stage.

Article 14 　The design unit shall, in accordance with the relevant requirements of the Ministry of Transport and the Provincial Department of Transportation,Following the basic principles of "safety, environmental protection, economy and sustainable development",According to "Ordinary Hunan Province"National and provincial highway surveyDesign points "to do a good job in project design, the province will create" ordinary "Guoshan roadConstruction demonstration project ".

Article 15 　Ordinary national provincial highwayThe well-designed highway life safety protection project should be completed and put into use simultaneously with the project construction, and it should be commonGuoshan roadStandard of civilized model road for construction demonstration project.

Article 16 　The construction of ordinary national and provincial roads should be based on the actual situation of the surrounding road network and the territorial division of the project, and the necessary maintenance, management and service facilities should be designed simultaneously. The vehicle over-limit and overload detection system should be set up according to the relevant planning and regulations, and the related expenses should be included in the project budget (pre-calculation).

Article 17 　Ordinary with urban road functionGuoshan road,Should be passedSeparation of transit traffic and urban traffic flow by means of viaduct and interchange.

Article 18 　ordinaryGuoshan roadThe preliminary design budget should be examined and approved according to the relevant provisions of the provincial people’s government and the investment department, and the preliminary design budget should be strictly controlled.

Article 19　 Ordinary national and provincial highway construction projects should strengthen the management of engineering change, measurement and payment, and strictly control the project investment, construction scale and standards. If it is really necessary to change the design, it must be submitted for approval according to relevant regulations. All relevant units should strictly implement the relevant provisions such as "approval before implementation" for design changes and "audit before adjustment" for budget estimates.

chapter five 　project implementation

Article 21 　The municipal people’s government should formulate the corresponding ordinary in this area in combination with the actual situation.Guoshan roadConstruction project management methods, strengthen project management, and ensure the smooth implementation of the project. City and state transportation departments and highway management agencies should perform their duties and strengthen supervision and guidance on the implementation of projects in the region.

Article 22 　Project legal persons and project management institutions should be equipped with technical, financial, management and other professionals to meet the needs of engineering construction, and strengthen the management of the performance of employees. The specific requirements shall be formulated separately by the Provincial Department of Transportation. The relevant departments of the province or the municipal and state transportation departments shall organize business training for the relevant management personnel of provincial highway construction projects in ordinary countries every year.

Article 23　 The quality assurance system of government supervision, legal person management, social supervision and enterprise self-inspection is implemented in ordinary national and provincial highway construction projects. The project legal person shall apply to the municipal traffic quality and safety supervision department for quality and safety supervision before the project starts.

Article 24　 General national and provincial highway construction projects should clearly define and implement the responsibility of safety production of construction enterprises, construction supervision and construction management according to law, improve the safety production guarantee system, strengthen construction management during construction, and ensure construction safety. It is necessary to strengthen the dynamic management of major hazard sources and put an end to serious and extraordinarily serious production safety accidents.

Chapter vi　 Project fund management

Article 25 　The municipal people’s government is responsible for raising funds for project construction, and formulating and introducing local subsidy standards matching with national and provincial subsidy funds, and implementing the responsibility of project construction funds. At the same time, in accordance with the requirements of the central and provincial governments to strictly control the risk of local government debt, a balance plan for the construction of ordinary national and provincial highway projects should be compiled and reported to the Provincial Department of Transportation and the Provincial Department of Finance for the record. Encourage a variety of financing methods, and encourage land resources around highways and derived resources to make up for the lack of funds for traffic construction.

Article 26 　General national and provincial highway construction projectsBy the province (including state subsidies) according to the categories, regions and other fixed subsidies.The subsidy funds can only be used to pay for the project.

Article 27 　The Provincial Department of Finance and the Provincial Department of Transportation shall timely allocate subsidy funds according to the annual investment plan, progress and implementation of municipal and state construction funds.

Article 28 　ordinaryGuoshan roadConstruction funds for construction projects must be managed in special accounts, accounted for in special accounts and earmarked for special purposes, and no unit or individual may intercept, misuse or misappropriate them. Municipal finance and transportation departments need to supervise the use of project funds according to laws and regulations to ensure the safe and efficient use of funds.

Article 29 　Strengthen the management of final accounts of completed projects, and implement audit supervision according to laws and regulations. The competent department of transportation shall urge the project owner to organize relevant personnel to prepare the financial final accounts of the project completion according to law.

Chapter VII　 project acceptance

Article 30　 The project legal person shall reasonably organize the construction according to the approved time limit for a project, and timely organize the project completion acceptance after the project is completed. The project shall not be put into trial operation without acceptance or unqualified acceptance.

Article 31　 ordinaryGuoshan roadAfter the expiration of the liability for defects in the construction project, the competent transportation department of the city and state shall timely organize the completion and acceptance of the project in accordance with the relevant provisions.

Chapter VIII 　Project supervision and evaluation

Article 32 　The provincial people’s government implements a comprehensive evaluation of the construction and management of ordinary national and provincial highways in each city and state every year, and strictly fulfills rewards and punishments (specifically organized and implemented by the Provincial Department of Transportation). The evaluation results serve as an important basis for arranging the construction projects and subsidy fund plans of ordinary national and provincial highways in the next year.

Article 33 　One of the following circumstances, proposed by the Provincial Department of Transportation, the Provincial Department of Finance to suspend or stop dialing the next ordinary city.Guoshan roadConstruction subsidy funds：

(a) in violation of the basic construction procedures, causing serious impact and consequences;

(two) the use of funds in violation of relevant regulations;

(three) the city’s self-raised funds are not implemented, or they are not matched with the subsidy funds;

(four) major engineering quality problems are not timely rectification in place;

(five) major security risks have not been eliminated in time;

(six) failing to submit the project construction balance plan and progress report or information seriously distorted;

(seven) in violation of other relevant provisions of the state and province.

Article 34 　　In any of the following circumstances, the Provincial Department of Transportation shall reduce the city’s ordinary state.Guoshan roadConstruction subsidy funds：

(a) changing the construction content, reducing the construction scale and lowering the construction standards without authorization during the implementation of the project;

(two) the project still has unfinished projects or the rectification of project quality problems is not in place for project completion acceptance;

(3) After the expiration of the defect liability period.twelveFailing to organize the completion acceptance within months;

(four) did not complete the province issued the annual generalGuoshan roadConstruction objectives and tasks;

(five) the self-raised funds are not in place, which has a serious impact on the quality, safety and progress of the project, or the arrears of project funds and wages of migrant workers lead to mass petitions;

(six) unauthorized replacement of construction projects;

(seven) for the problems in article thirty-third of this article, the rectification within a time limit is not in place.

Article 35　 In view of the problems found in Article 33 and Article 34, cities and states should rectify and put them in place in time. Not timely rectification in place, in addition to the deduction of the city’s ordinary state.Guoshan roadConstruction grant funds, suspend all ordinary state areas of the city.Guoshan roadProject declaration, approval, until the rectification in place..

Chapter 9 　attach　 rule

Article 36 　Non-ordinary provincial roads included in the planning shall be implemented in accordance with relevant regulations and with reference to these measures.

Article 37 　This approach since2019year2moononeDay implementation,Valid for five years.

Related links:Drafting Description and Policy Interpretation of "Administrative Measures for the Construction of Provincial Roads in Hunan Province"