Poirot: Evil Under The Sun

　　Lu Bingxian, Zhai Jianguo, Tang Hanying

　　Officials in the Hu Xing Series who "tripped" a "Allure" high-rise building

　　With the trial of Lu Bingxian and Zhai Jianguo successively, the Hu Xing series cases once again attracted people’s attention.

　　After the incident in Hu Xing, officials such as Lu Bingxian, former director of Enterprise Income Tax Management Office of Kunming State Taxation Bureau, Tang Hanying, former head of Kunming Land Center, and Zhai Jianguo, former director of Kunming Bureau of Landscape Architecture, were successively dismissed … All these seem to be inextricably linked with the 21-story "Beautiful Buildings" proudly erected on Jinbi Road in Kunming in 2005.
　
　　Ceng Hua, Hu Xing, Lu Bingxian, Zhai Jianguo, and Tang Hanying, what are their connections? How did the "famous city building" break the "second ring ban" and appear in the city center?

　　"Building a Famous City" Breaking Policy Barriers

　　In 2005, a high-rise building named "A Beautiful City and a Famous Building" appeared on the Jinbi Road in a prime location in Kunming.

　　For a time, there was a lot of discussion, because earlier, Kunming issued a regulation that no high-rise buildings should be built within the Second Ring Road. In principle, land should be used for environmental greening, roads, public welfare facilities and municipal facilities, and generally commercial residential projects should not be developed. This decision has become an insurmountable policy barrier for real estate developers. The rise of "the city is famous for its buildings" broke the ban and immediately attracted the close attention of relevant people.

　　Today, the professional websites of real estate still retain the introduction of "Splendid Sunshine City Famous Building": "Splendid Sunshine City Famous Building is located in Tongren Street, Jinbi Road, opposite to Jinbi Park, separated from the landmark historical building Jinma Bijifang in Kunming, bearing the wind and rain of Dongxi Temple Tower and Zhong ‘aifang, with a panoramic view of prosperity and history … The apartment is classic, multi-faceted, bright and transparent, and each set starts at 700,000 yuan."

　　Nearly two years have passed, and the "all-famous buildings" have already been sold out, and the price in the second-hand housing market exceeds 10,000 yuan per square meter; The price of "Laifu Plaza Shop" has also increased by 100,000 yuan per square meter. Indeed, like the original bullish advertising words: "If you miss the opportunity, you have to wait another hundred years!"

　　Hu Xing behind "the city is famous for its architecture"

　　It is said that pointing to this towering real estate, developers are indignant: we are not allowed to build tall buildings, how did this project come out? Officials in provinces and cities are also puzzled. A new company with a registered capital of only 5.1 million yuan can operate a property worth 2 billion yuan in the most prosperous area. What’s the catch? What is hidden behind the "famous city"? What kind of hand is manipulating in the dark?

　　The mystery will eventually be solved. When investigating the case of Ceng Hua, Kunming Procuratorate learned that the developer of "Qingcheng Famous Building" was Jincheng Sunshine Company (hereinafter referred to as "Jincheng Company"), and the real boss of this company was named Bing Lin. In addition, the registered capital of the company is "5.1 million yuan", and the two natural person shareholders are "Zhang Xima accounts for 81% and 4.12 million yuan; Li Bin accounted for 19% and 980,000 ". The data also shows that Zhang Xima and Li Bin are both from Shenzhen.

　　Prosecutors discovered through investigation that Li Bin had a daughter surnamed Hu, and then confirmed that Bing Lin, formerly known as Hu Bin, was the third brother of Hu Xing, then deputy director of Yunnan Provincial Communications Department. At this point, in the eyes of prosecutors, Hu Xing began to emerge vaguely.

　　The mystery of the rise of "the city is famous for its buildings"

　　On January 15th, the Anti-Corruption Bureau of Kunming Procuratorate took action and summoned Hu Bin and several managers of Jincheng Company, as well as Tang Hanying, the head of Kunming Land Reserve Center. After a short period of resistance, Tang finally admitted that Hu Xing specifically told him to run the Jinbi Road project. On April 3, 2003, the Kunming Municipal Government started to demolish a plot of Jinbi Road to build an open park, but Hu Xing, then vice mayor of Kunming, proposed to auction 6.69 mu of it, and the proceeds could make up for the shortage of funds for demolition and construction. And through means, it finally ensured that Jincheng Company got the land at 4.03 million yuan per mu.

　　In the whole process of "trading", the Hu brothers tried their best to hide their true identity. However, there are various indications that Hu Xing is inextricably linked with Jincheng Company, and the former vice mayor is suspected of taking advantage of his position to seek personal gain for relatives and friends. According to the preliminary estimation of the case-handling personnel, the project of "Famous Buildings in the Whole City" has made amazing profits due to the intervention of power.

　　The curtain covering up the truth has been lifted, and the "blade" points directly at Hu Xing. The Yunnan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection intervened in the case because it involved departmental cadres. Yunnan provincial high-level officials are determined to investigate with an iron fist, trace the source and expose the truth. But at that moment, Hu Xing suddenly disappeared. As a result, there is a story of the investigators tracking the transnational pursuit of Hu Xing for thousands of miles …

　　Officials brought out by "the city is famous for its buildings"

　　From Ceng Hua to Hu Xing, from Hu Xing to Lu Bingxian, Tang Hanying, and Zhai Jianguo, "the famous building of the whole city" is, to some extent, the lead of the breach in the series of Hu Xing cases.

　　The trial of Lu Bingxian in Kunming Intermediate People’s Court was held the day before yesterday. The public prosecutor accused Lu of accepting cash and shopping cards from Bing Lin several times from 2004 to 2006, totaling 55,000 yuan, and taking advantage of his position, he handled the preferential corporate income tax for Jincheng Sunshine House Company, so that the company was exempted from paying corporate income tax for three years from 2004 to 2006 and paid corporate income tax by half in 2007 and 2008. Later, Lu asked Bing Lin to remit 1.85 million yuan to his daughter’s account, and used 1.83 million yuan to buy a house in Beijing. As for the above facts, the public prosecutor provided a number of witness testimonies and exhibits to confirm them, and Lu himself recognized them in court.

　　The case of Zhai Jianguo, another protagonist of the series and former director of Kunming Municipal Bureau of Landscaping and Greening, was also heard in Kunming Intermediate People’s Court yesterday.

　　What’s the connection between Zhai Jianguo and "the city is famous" and Hu Xing case? The situation in yesterday’s court is unknown. However, in the eyes of local real estate businessmen in Kunming, Hu Xing’s "right-hand men" are not only Ceng Hua, but also Tang Hanying and Zhai Jianguo. The former was the director of Kunming Land Reserve Center and the latter was the director of Kunming Landscaping Bureau. Together with Ceng Hua’s Planning Bureau, they almost completely control the administrative examination and approval power of land development, construction and greening in Kunming. Coupled with the "tax official" Lu Bingxian, the "energy" of this "interest alliance" can be imagined.

　　With Ceng Hua, Hu Xing, Lu Bingxian, Zhai Jianguo and others appearing for trial one by one, the next one to sit in the dock should be another "protagonist" of this series of cases, Tang Hanying. We will wait and see how much the Tang Hanying case involves.

　　□ similar cases

　　Is it also a crime of bribery for a younger brother to send money to his brother?

　　Jinling Evening News published a report on June 10th, 2005, revealing the news that Ye Zhang, the president of a bank in Changsha, was arrested for taking bribes. As mentioned in the article, the tens of thousands of yuan that Zhang Ke, his brother, gave to Ye Zhang also became the evidence that the court found that Ye Zhang had taken bribes. Not only that, but Zhang Ke was also dealt with in another case on suspicion of bribery. "How did your family relationship with your younger brother become a bribe and a bribe?" The article describes Ye Zhang’s mentality after being detained, and also reveals the confusion of many ordinary people. The reporter interviewed a number of professionals in the legal field and found that there is still great controversy in the legal field about how to identify bribery and bribery between relatives.

　　Ye Zhang’s "Brotherhood"

　　According to reports, Ye Zhang, who was born in the countryside, had a very good relationship with his younger brother Zhang Ke. After becoming the president, he tried to help his younger brother. So when his younger brother finally set up a factory in Changsha, Ye Zhang used his position as president to help his younger brother say hello, stop business and even get a loan. Zhang Ke made money, but he certainly won’t forget his brother. When he heard that his brother’s son was going to study in an aristocratic school, he took out 50 thousand yuan to pay the tuition for his brother; My brother bought a new house, and he sent another 120 thousand yuan for decoration; When the sister-in-law bought a car, he sent another 250,000 yuan in cash to his brother’s office.

　　Viewpoint 1: "Brotherhood" does not constitute a crime.

　　People who hold this view believe that it is understandable that relatives, especially brothers, exchange gifts and property, which is a normal emotional exchange. Even if the elder brother who is in power "greets" his younger brother for benefits and receives money from the younger brother who wants something from himself, it is not appropriate to identify it according to the crime of bribery and bribery.

　　Viewpoint 2: There is no legal basis for the theory of not constituting a crime.

　　Those who hold this view believe that bribery and bribery crimes are duty crimes stipulated in the specific provisions of China’s criminal law. No matter what kind of kinship the briber and the briber have, as long as they meet the constitutive requirements of such crimes, it is enough to constitute a crime. There is no legal basis for the view that between husband and wife, between parents and children, between brothers and sisters, the behavior of sending property by the unauthorized party and receiving property by the powerful party does not constitute bribery and bribery crimes.

　　Viewpoint 3: Specific analysis of specific situations

　　Most people interviewed believe that the situation of "giving gifts" and "receiving gifts" between relatives is complicated, and they can neither be treated as crimes nor simply found guilty. The key is to distinguish between "reciprocity between relatives" and "bribery and bribery crimes". Generally speaking, reciprocity between relatives should be a two-way communication of "giving back and forth". If relatives always give gifts to the party who is in power, but the other party never or rarely returns gifts, and the party who receives gifts always uses the convenience of his position to seek benefits for the giver, then both parties may constitute bribery and bribery crimes. At the same time, those who hold this view emphasize that there should be some differences between "gift-giving behavior between relatives" and the identification of bribery and bribery between non-relatives in general. Although there are no restrictive provisions on the subjects of bribery and bribery crimes in China’s criminal law, considering the special factors between relatives, those relatives who have not been separately accounted for economically, and those who have been independently accounted for economically but have not clearly asked for the reasons, generally should not be punished as bribery and bribery.

　　My own brother pulled him into the wrong path.

　　How did Zhai Jianguo embark on the road of crime? Through interviews with relevant case-handling departments and insiders, our reporter learned that the initial motive of his crime was not pure pursuit of illegal interests like most other corrupt officials, but out of deep brotherhood, it was his own brother Zhai, who was mentioned by the public prosecution in the indictment.

　　In his early years, Zhai, who had a low education level, had no fixed occupation and his family life was very tight. As a brother, Zhai Jianguo is anxious in his eyes and often takes some money to help his younger brother. Zhai is very sensible and has always been grateful to his brother. In 2001, after Zhai Jianguo started to be the "number one" in Kunming Garden Bureau, his brother secretly thought about asking his brother to help him "find something to do".

　　In October 2002, Zhai Jianguo, who understood his brother’s mind, found an opportunity. At that time, he was very excited and felt that he could finally really help his brother, but he was unaware that he had slipped into a terrible abyss.

　　He later recalled in an account that he personally arranged and "greeted" the relevant person in charge and handed over the project of Yuantong Square to his younger brother. However, the cost of this project is more than 5 million, and it must go through public bidding, and Zhai does not have the corresponding qualifications and strength. Therefore, Zhai found Shenzhen Zhisong Company and asked the company to come forward to participate in the bidding. Subsequently, Zhai Jianguo found a person in charge of the Municipal Planning and Design Institute and told him to find a bidding agency to take charge of the bidding. After some operations, Shenzhen Zhisong Company won the bid, and this large-scale municipal project finally fell into Zhai’s hands.

　　The road greening project of Chunyu Road is another project that Zhai Jianguo helped his brother get. Zhai Jianguo didn’t have the right to make decisions on this project, so it took quite some trouble. He found his former subordinate, Yang, who was then the director of Xishan District Urban Construction Bureau, and said that an old friend was idle and wanted to find some projects to do. Yang arranged for Liu in the greening department of the district to let Liu directly contact Zhai. Of course, things will be done soon. After that, Zhai will send some red envelopes to Liu on holidays, but not to Yang.

　　In this way, Zhai Jianguo "greeted" his younger brother again and again, and directly or indirectly arranged projects for his younger brother again and again. After getting the project, Zhai, who didn’t have the construction strength, went to other enterprises to join or cooperate, and soon became rich. In order to "repay" his brother, Zhai gave 1.7 million yuan to the "director’s brother" one after another, but at the same time, he constantly warned himself that he could not screw up the project that his brother "handed over", otherwise it would ruin his brother’s reputation.

　　Later, the situation shows that the quality of these projects is really quite good, and some of them have even become landmark projects with rich Kunming characteristics, for example, four decorative landscape projects on Cuihu Lake, including the sculpture of "Old Seagull".

　　The Hu Xing case led to the bribery of the former director of Kunming Bureau of Landscape Architecture.

　　Zhai Jianguo: I took 2.5 million yuan, and I returned 4 yuan and 75 cents more.

　　Yesterday, another corrupt official brought out by the Hu Xing case stood in the dock of Kunming Intermediate People’s Court: Zhai Jianguo, former Party Secretary and Director of Kunming Bureau of Landscaping and Greening (hereinafter referred to as Kunming Bureau of Landscape Architecture). The Kunming Municipal People’s Procuratorate accused him of accepting bribes amounting to more than 2.5 million yuan, and the defendant had a good attitude and fully admitted it.

　　It is worth noting that the defendant in this case took bribes from his own brother, and according to the ascertained situation, all the bribes have been recovered, and the family returned an extra 4.75 yuan when they returned the stolen goods. On this basis, the defense lawyer further suggested that the defendant had surrendered himself and should be given a lighter or mitigated punishment. After the debate, the public prosecution agency said: There is no objection to the circumstances of surrender.

　　1. The officials involved in the Hu Xing case did not involve Hu Xing in their crimes.

　　Zhai Jianguo, who is just half a century old, has gray hair and sits in the dock of the No.2 Grand Court of Kunming Intermediate People’s Court. He is strong and energetic.

　　Zhai Jianguo was detained in criminal detention on January 25th this year, and was formally arrested on February 7th. Prior to this, Hu Xing, who was appointed as the deputy director of Yunnan Provincial Communications Department, had just committed a crime and was wanted by the Ministry of Public Security in the whole country with an A-level wanted order. At that time, Zhai Jianguo was still sitting on his throne as director, and had a brief colleague relationship with Hu in the planning system, which made him one of the officials involved in the case.

　　Soon, Zhai’s bribery case surfaced, and was included in the Hu Xing series of cases by relevant departments and the media, which attracted much attention from all walks of life. However, according to what has been disclosed so far, all the economic crimes he is responsible for have not involved Hu Xing.

　　The Kunming Municipal People’s Procuratorate accused Zhai Jianguo: From 2002 to 2006, the defendant Zhai Jianguo took advantage of his position in charge of landscaping to arrange or coordinate his younger brother Zhai to undertake landscaping projects such as Yuantong Park Square Road, Cuihu Park Greening and Chunyu Road Road Greening, with a total project cost of more than 12 million yuan. From 2004 to 2005, Zhai sent 1.5 million yuan in cash to Zhai Jianguo, and deposited it in two bank accounts of Zhai Jianguo’s ex-wife Duan and his son Zhai Moumou. In April 2006, Zhai once again sent 200,000 yuan to the account of Li, the current wife of Zhai Jianguo.

　　From 2002 to 2007, Zhai Jianguo also took advantage of his position to arrange Kunming Kaifang Art Decoration Co., Ltd. to undertake sculpture decoration projects in Jinbi Park, Cuihu Park and Yuantong Park, as well as art murals on Chuncheng Road, with a total cost of more than 15 million yuan. After the company made huge profits, it gave Zhai Jianguo RMB 350,000. In addition, according to the agreement reached by both parties in advance, the company also invested 432,485.25 yuan to decorate three houses in Jiangdong Xiaokang City, Wenlin Yaju and Shuguang East District for Zhai, and "helped" to purchase some furniture and electrical appliances.

　　2. The defender claimed that the defendant surrendered himself, which was recognized by the public prosecution agency.

　　The public prosecution agency believes that Zhai Jianguo, as a national staff member, took advantage of his position in charge of landscaping work to illegally accept bribes from others for many times and seek benefits for others. The amount of bribes reached 2,502,485.25 yuan, and his behavior has violated the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law, so he should be investigated for criminal responsibility for accepting bribes. In the Indictment, the public prosecution agency did not mention "Hu Xing" at all, nor did it mention whether the defendant might be given a lighter or mitigated punishment.

　　Entrusted by family members, the defendants are two lawyers, Su Jianming and Li Zhibin, from Yunnan Xinyangwu Law Firm. "Zhai Jianguo was found guilty, but his situation belongs to surrender. According to the first paragraph of Article 67 of the Criminal Law, he should be given a lighter or mitigated punishment." In the debate stage, Su Jianming proposed.

　　The defendant’s defender wrote in his defense: Zhai Jianguo was not "double-regulated" before the crime, that is to say, the relevant departments did not grasp the facts of his crime. After Hu Xing’s murder on January 23 this year, Zhai Jianguo was found by the Yunnan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection) to cooperate with the investigation of Hu Xing. After answering the questions about Hu Xing, he voluntarily confessed his bribery. The next day, the investigation organ issued a Notice of Inquiry to him, and he confessed all his crimes truthfully again. This situation can be confirmed by a "Description of the Situation" issued by the Kunming Municipal People’s Procuratorate. The "Description of the Situation" said: "When handling the case of Hu Xing, our hospital found that Zhai Jianguo, the director of Kunming Garden Bureau, was suspected of accepting bribes, and then investigated him. The suspect truthfully explained all the criminal facts of his alleged bribery to the judicial organs."

　　After the first round of debate, the prosecutor said in court: There is no objection to the nature of surrender.

　　During the trial, it was found that the defendant Zhai Jianguo actively returned the stolen money after returning to the case, and paid a total of 2,502,490 yuan to the case-handling organ. The defender said: the returned stolen money is even 4.75 yuan more than the amount of bribes, which is another strong evidence of his "light theory". Defenders believe: "Whether the withdrawal from Tibet is complete or not is an important indicator to measure the defendant’s repentance attitude in economic crimes."

　　Zhai Jianguo in the eyes of the world: he is too affectionate and a filial son.

　　Speaking of "70 old mother"

　　Tears ran down his eyes.

　　"Don’t inform my family, I don’t want them to come to see me on trial …" Before the court session yesterday, Zhai Jianguo in the detention center sent a message to his defender, so he repeatedly told me. "He is very affectionate." This is one of the defenders, lawyer Li Zhibin’s impression of Zhai.

　　According to Zhai Jianguo’s meaning, the defender didn’t tell Zhai’s old mother, who was over 70 years old, and his son, who had just been admitted to the university. The relatives who came to attend the audit were only the current wife Li.

　　"These are all facts, and I plead guilty." The defendant Zhai Jianguo fully admitted all the alleged crimes. In the final statement stage, he briefly reviewed his working experience and began to express his inner "repentance": "I am sorry for the training of the party and the country, and I am sorry for the people … asking for a chance to start over." Although depressed, Zhai Jianguo in the dock tried to control his emotions during the trial, but when he said, "I slept with my 70-year-old mother," he burst into tears.

　　When he was first brought to justice, Zhai Jianguo wrote in a "confession material" entitled "Deep understanding of his own economic problems": "Since he became a director, he has relaxed his ideological and political study, relaxed the transformation of his world outlook and outlook on life, and produced the idea of" having the right not to be obsolete ". I always feel that I work very hard, but I get very little, and my heart is extremely unbalanced. As a result, they used their rights to gain national interests, so that they violated discipline and law, slipped to the brink of danger and completely ruined themselves. Everything I have done is very serious and bad in nature … I am the secretary of the Party Committee of the Bureau of Gardens, the first person responsible for the work of party style and clean government, and I am also educating people on the surface, but (actually) I am a hypocrite. "

　　Despite such a "profound" "understanding", Zhai Jianguo seems to be optimistic about his own destiny. "Learn from these mistakes, and you must repent (reform) and turn over a new leaf, and strive for a lighter and more lenient treatment. I am 50 years old this year, and my health is not very good. I have done some useful things for the country and society in the past … and I have problems in my life for the rest of my life. I am sure that the organization can keep my public office and give me hope for my future life … No matter what the organization does, I will accept it. "

　　The reporter learned from many interviews that before the incident, Zhai Jianguo was quite low-key. As the head of the provincial capital city garden bureau, he almost never appeared in public, and there was almost no news about him on the Internet, let alone personal information such as his resume. Two old employees of the Bureau of Landscape Architecture told this reporter: "Zhai Bureau really attaches great importance to feelings, is easy-going to its subordinates, and is famous for its filial piety to the elderly at home."

　　The staff of the Bureau of Landscape Architecture said

　　He is a good leader who goes to work by bus.

　　"Usually, he is strict with the employees of the unit. We didn’t expect Director Zhai to have such a thing!" When Zhai Jianguo was mentioned, several employees of Kunming Bureau of Landscape Architecture commented on him like this.

　　"In our impression, we have never found anything wrong with Director Zhai. He is a good leader in the prime of life, but who would have thought that he would be such a person?" These workers also deliberately told reporters loudly that Zhai Jianguo gave everyone the impression that he was very principled. Except for office work, he never drove home by bus, and went to work by bus every day. He didn’t talk much at ordinary times, and he was amiable and approachable regardless of his superiors or the logistics staff of the unit.

　　Another employee said in private that Zhai Jianguo gave him the impression that he was a "fat boy" in society. In the impression of the majority of employees, Zhai Jianguo often showed off his relationship with some leaders in the city as close friends, deliberately leaving others with the ability to "reach the sky with one hand".

　　Zhai Jianguo’s archives

　　Born on April 1, 1957, native of Jincheng, Shanxi. University culture. After joining the work in 1974 and obtaining a bachelor’s degree, I stayed in Kunming Cement Plant for two and a half years, and then entered Kunming Planning and Design Institute as the director of the department and assistant to the dean. In 1992, he was transferred to Xishuangbanna, and successively served as deputy director of Banna State Construction Bureau, executive deputy director of Banna Provincial Tourism Resort Management Committee, and director of Jinghong City Construction Bureau. In September 1994, he was transferred back to Kunming Planning and Design Institute as the vice president. In April 1998, he served as deputy director and member of the party group of Kunming Municipal Construction Committee. From May 2001 to before the incident, he served as Party Secretary and Director of Kunming Bureau of Landscaping and Greening.

　　□ Case reflection

　　Giving property between relatives may also constitute a crime.

　　Due to the special exchange of evidence before, the trial yesterday morning went very smoothly, lasting less than an hour and a half. At about 10: 30, the presiding judge announced that he would make a first-instance judgment on a certain date.

　　"In my opinion, Zhai Jianguo can be said to have fallen because of’ love’. This love is brotherhood, and this is the particularity of this case. This particularity highlights a problem worthy of discussion, that is, giving property between relatives may also constitute a crime. " After the trial, lawyer Su Jianming, one of the defendants’ defenders, told the reporter.

　　Lawyer Su said: Giving gifts to relatives and friends on major festivals or special days is a part of China’s ancient cultural tradition, which is understandable. In the vast majority of bribery and bribery cases, people who are judged to constitute crimes mainly give gifts to government workers. This is not controversial. However, this case is not the case. This case belongs to the economic exchanges between relatives. Because of the innate blood relationship between relatives, it is sometimes difficult to define whether this gift-giving behavior is purely for profit.

　　"I know that the case is controversial when it is qualitative, but even as a lawyer of the defendant, I still think that this gift-giving behavior constitutes a crime. Because the relationship between giving gifts and receiving gifts and gifts should not affect the nature of the case. " Su Jianming said: This is the special educational significance of Zhai Jianguo’s bribery case. It can remind and warn other government workers, even among relatives, not to use their powers to open the door for each other’s interests, let alone accept each other’s "gratitude" and charge each other’s "thank you fee".

Editor: Sun Jie

　　The third batch of reform provinces released the college entrance examination reform plan, which was implemented by the students who entered senior one last fall.

　　CCTV News:Yesterday, the third batch of eight provinces in China started the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination — — Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong and Chongqing have issued implementation plans, which will be implemented from the first-year high school students who entered school in the fall of 2018. What are the highlights of the plans announced by the eight provinces and cities this time? Let’s take a look.

　　All eight provinces and cities were adjusted to "3+1+2" mode.

　　According to the announced implementation plan, eight provinces and cities will implement the "3+1+2" model. That is, "3" is the national unified examination subject Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages, which all students must take; "1" is the preferred subject, and candidates must choose one of the physics and history subjects in the high school level examination; "2" is a re-selected subject, and candidates can choose two of the four subjects of chemistry, biology, ideology and politics and geography.

　　The full score of each selected subject is 100 points.

　　From 2021, the total scores of new college entrance examination candidates in 8 provinces and cities are composed of unified college entrance examination subjects and academic level examination subjects, with a perfect score of 750 points. Among them, the original scores of unified college entrance examination subjects such as Chinese, mathematics and foreign language use are included in the total score of candidates, with a perfect score of 150 points for each subject. In the selected subjects, the original scores of physics or history are included in the total scores of candidates, with a perfect score of 100 points for each subject; The two subjects independently selected by candidates in ideological politics, geography, chemistry and biology will be included in the total score of candidates after being graded, with a perfect score of 100 points for each subject.

　　How to assign points to selected subjects?

　　For example, candidate A chose ideological and political education and candidate B chose chemistry, both of which scored 80 points. Candidate A ranked 100th among all the ideological and political education candidates, and candidate B ranked 1000th among all the chemistry candidates. It is neither scientific nor fair to simply add up their scores in all subjects and count them in the college entrance examination. Therefore, it is necessary to convert the original scores of different subjects into grade scores according to certain rules. After the conversion, the queuing order of candidates’ selected subjects remains unchanged, which also solves the problem that the original scores of selected subjects are not comparable.

　　Yu Han, an expert of the National Education Examination Steering CommitteeThis time, it should be said that the allocation scheme of eight provinces has made such a design arrangement according to local conditions on the basis of the previous pilot. The scoring scheme of each province is designed according to local conditions by combining the distribution of candidates, teaching situation and actual examination situation in this province.

　　English test time and frequency have been adjusted.

　　In addition, eight provinces and cities have also adjusted the time and frequency of foreign language examinations accordingly. Six provinces and cities, including Hebei, Liaoning, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan and Chongqing, only organize one foreign language listening and written examination in June, and then implement the foreign language examination twice a year when conditions are ripe. Jiangsu Province and Guangdong Province organized a written foreign language test in June, while the foreign language listening and speaking test will be put on weekdays and implemented by computer.

　　Why do you choose physics and history as your preferred subjects?

　　From the "3+1+2" model published by eight provinces and cities, the preferred subjects require that candidates must choose one of the physics and history subjects in the high school level examination, so why should physics and history be the preferred subjects?

　　Experts believe that in the training of talents in colleges and universities, physics is the basic subject of natural science majors, and history is the basic subject of humanities and social sciences majors. Studying physics or history subjects in high school is an important foundation for studying natural science majors, humanities and social sciences majors and related interdisciplinary majors in university. Therefore, taking these two subjects as the first choice is conducive to the cultivation of students in related majors in colleges and universities.

　　Yu Han, an expert of the National Education Examination Steering CommitteeOn the basis of giving students sufficient academic choices, we also take into account the selection of subjects in colleges and universities and the selection of materials in the country. According to our statistics, colleges and universities now have more than 40% enrollment majors and enrollment places, which requires students to take physics courses. After this 3+1+2 adjustment, the number of students taking physics courses can be effectively guaranteed to meet the basic needs of colleges and universities, and of course, it can also meet the basic needs of cultivating future talents in our country, and also avoid the emergence of such problems as unbalanced physics courses.

　　Volunteer reporting adopts the mode of "major (category)+college"

　　The reporter found out that eight provinces and cities have made it clear in their implementation plans that colleges and universities will compile their enrollment plans in two categories: physics and history. At the time of admission, candidates who choose physics and candidates who choose history will also queue up for admission in two sequences. Candidates in Hebei, Liaoning, Chongqing and other provinces and cities take the mode of "major (category)+college", that is, one college and one enrollment major (category) is a volunteer, and the admission mode of parallel volunteer is implemented.

　　Fan Shaobin, Vice President of Guangdong Education Examinations InstituteTherefore, from this piece, the satisfaction of candidates’ volunteers should be higher in the future. The other is conducive to breaking the status quo of fractional theory. That is, we may have several professional groups in a school in the future. In the future, different professional groups should have different scores.

　　Guide the reform of high school education mode

　　The examination enrollment system is a national basic education system, and the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination is a major reform in the field of education, which will inevitably have a far-reaching impact on the current high school education and even the whole education. What changes will there be in the future?

　　Clearly carry out the teaching of selecting courses and leaving classes

　　In the reform plan of college entrance examination announced by eight provinces and cities, it is found that there are clear arrangements for how to carry out the teaching of selecting courses and taking classes. For example, schools should not occupy the hours of other non-selected subjects in order to increase the hours of selecting subjects; Explore the requirements of school teaching management system that is suitable for the teaching of selecting courses and moving classes.

　　Zhong Binglin, President of China Education Association.The comprehensive reform plan of college entrance examination in eight provinces and cities embodies a characteristic, that is to say, it continues to maintain the basic value orientation of college entrance examination reform, such as guiding students’ all-round development, respecting students’ choices, scientifically selecting talents and promoting educational fairness, including students’ course selection and comprehensive quality evaluation, which reflects the development of respecting students’ personalities and interests and giving them more choices.

　　At the same time, experts also pointed out that the distribution of educational resources in China is uneven, and the eight provinces that implement the new plan also need to study and introduce relevant supporting measures.

　　Zhong Binglin, President of China Education Association.For example, in strengthening the overall planning at the provincial level, all government departments should have a coordinated mechanism, especially to increase investment in high school education, solve the problem of large class size and structural shortage of teachers in high schools, and ensure the full allocation of educational resources in this respect. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the linkage between teaching and examination, and realize the unification of the new college entrance examination, new curriculum standards and new textbooks in combination with the actual situation in various places. At the same time, I think we should pay attention to promoting the convergence between middle and high schools, that is, colleges and high schools, higher education and basic education, and strengthen cooperation, including strengthening the linkage between enrollment and training, and jointly exploring how the comprehensive quality evaluation results can be applied scientifically and effectively.

　　Do you still remember the news that on April 30th this year, thousands of swimmers in Ciqikou went swimming in the river despite the police’s dissuasion, resulting in casualties (see version A03 of Chongqing Evening News on May 1st)? When these unfortunate incidents are still fresh in our minds, the Marine Police Corps of the Municipal Public Security Bureau released the Disposal of Dangerous Waters and Drowning Police yesterday. Chongqing Evening News reporter found from this report that August is the month with the most drowning incidents in a year. Ciqikou, Chaotianmen and Niujiaotuo waters can be called desperate waters, and 80% of the drowning people are veteran swimmers.

　　Chongqing Evening News reporter Zhu Juan Yellow River

　　Two men were physically exhausted and drowned

　　At 6 o’clock in the afternoon on the 24th of last month, Tan Dingchuan, a policeman of the patrol detachment of the Marine Police Corps, patrolled a barge on the Yangtze River. He saw a soaked man hanging from the railing of the barge in panic and shouting for help. Tan Dingchuan immediately ran to pull him onto the barge. Looking down the man’s line of sight, Tan Dingchuan found that there was another man holding the anchor chain of the barge with both hands. Under the impact of the raging river, his body was hidden and ups and downs on the river. Because the man was clinging to the anchor chain with his hands, he could not be rescued on the boat. Tan Dingchuan and his colleagues had to drive an assault boat to the anchor chain, and Qi Xin worked together to pull the man into the boat and successfully rescued him.

　　It is understood that the two men are friends, and they agreed to swim in the water from Caiyuanba Bridge. Due to the rapid flow of the river, they were physically exhausted and drowned. Fortunately, they were rescued by the police, otherwise the consequences would be unimaginable.

　　The number of drowning people is the highest in August every year.

　　Chongqing Evening News reporter learned from "Disposal of Dangerous Waters and Surabaya Police Situation" that from 2010 to 2015, the drowning incidents in the main city waters were characterized by high incidence in summer. From July to August every year, the number of people who go to the riverside to cool off and swim in the water increases sharply. In addition, schools and colleges have summer vacations, and the drowning alarm is significantly higher than other months. After September, the drowning police began to decline, and the number of drowning police in winter was the lowest in the whole year. Taking 2015 as an example, the drowning incident began to climb in July, and the number of drowning people was the highest in August, and the drowning data began to decline in September. Last August, there were 47 drowning incidents in which 62 people drowned, of which 23 were rescued and 39 were dead or missing.

　　The police said that the reason for the frequent drowning in August was that it was hot and rainy all month, students were on holiday, and the base of swimmers in the river was large. In addition, August is in the flood season, the water flow is unpredictable and the undercurrent is turbulent. If you are not careful, you may drown, and even the veteran can’t escape.

　　Nine dangerous waters in the main city of Liangjiang

　　Statistics from 2010 to 2014 show that most drowning incidents in the main city occurred in the waters of docks and bridges with large flow of people and relatively concentrated personnel.

　　The wharf waters with more drowning alarms are: 87 from No.3 to No.9 Wharf in Chaotianmen, accounting for 22.48% of the total drowning alarms in the wharf waters; There are 53 main docks in Beibei, accounting for 13.7% of the total.

　　The bridge waters with more drowning alarms are: Niujiaotuo Jialing River Bridge (including Yu ‘ao Bridge) with 41 cases, accounting for 25% of the total drowning alarms of all bridges; There are 22 Beidong Bridge in Beibei, accounting for 13.41% of the total; 16 cases in huanghuayuan bridge, accounting for 9.76% of the total; There are 12 Shimen bridges, accounting for 7.32% of the total.

　　According to the introduction of the Municipal Marine Police Corps, eight water police stations in the main city have summarized nine dangerous waters in the two rivers of the main city based on the analysis of the hydrological environment in their respective jurisdictions for many years, namely: Ciqikou — Shabin Road and Zhongdukou — Hanyu Road, Beibin Road, Daxigou, Chaotianmen and Nanbin Road — Haitang Creek and Yemao Creek — Marble Stone and Dragon and Phoenix Temple — Large wharf and coral dam — Chuqimen reminds the public not to go into these waters easily.

　　Eighty percent of the drowning people are "water craftsmen"

　　Data of drowning in main city waters from 2010 to 2015

　　From 2010 to 2015, students and migrant workers accounted for a large proportion of drowning people in the main city waters, and the rest were crew members, fishermen, patients, mentally abnormal people and swimmers.

　　Interpretation: The relevant person of the Marine Police Corps of the Municipal Public Security Bureau said that during the rescue, the police found that 80% of these drowning people can actually swim. Just like the two rescued men mentioned earlier, their water quality is actually not bad. "Because people who can’t swim generally don’t get into the water; Even if it is underwater, it is usually protected by a swimming ring. " Therefore, the police reminded the veteran swimmers that if they want to swim in the river, they must be equipped with safety equipment.

　　Nearly half of 1237 people drowned in 6 years.

　　Interpretation: The police said that the reason why swimmers are less likely to survive after drowning is because the two rivers are fast flowing and there are many underwater undercurrents, and people are likely to be quickly swept away by the river after drowning. In addition, after receiving the alarm, professional rescue and salvage personnel and ships often need some time to get to the scene to carry out rescue, so the chances of survival of the missing person are small. Even if the scene is lucky to be rescued ashore, the mortality rate is high.

　　(Source: Disposal of Dangerous Waters and Drowning Police)

January 30th is the 20th day of the twelfth lunar month. Although the New Year has not yet officially arrived, the driver’s home in Dengbei Jianeng Station of Xiangyang Petroleum of China Petrochemical Company has a strong flavor of the year. Red window grilles and Spring Festival couplets can be seen everywhere, and exquisite "Fu" ornaments adorn it. In the kitchen, the sound of cutting vegetables and cooking kept going. In a short time, the round table was filled with delicious home-cooked dishes. Jia Yani, the stationmaster, couldn’t take a rest, and she helped several freight drivers to pick up vegetables and pour water one by one, so she was too busy to stop.

May 18th

Jiangmen hangs the first high temperature warning this year.

As of press time

Jiangmen city

High temperature yellow warning continues to take effect.

Just "hot hot" every day.

Do you feel that in recent days?

The air is "wet" and my body is sticky.

All this is because

-warm and humid airflow!

According to @ Guangdong Weather News

18-21

The ground of Guangdong lies in front of the southwest trough.

The air pressure is low, and the south wind controls the field, which is relatively stuffy and humid.

It is mainly hot on weekends.

Turn on the "steaming" mode.

In the next few days,

"Brother Gao Wen" and "Brother Lei Yu" will continue to "compete for territory"

The temperature will still stand at the prefix "three",

Thunderstorms have to punch in at random,

It’s hot and wet,

Completely open the "steaming" mode.

At the same time of heatstroke prevention and sun protection,

Don’t forget lightning protection and rain protection ~

According to the forecast of the Provincial Meteorological Observatory, the southwest wind at the lower level will increase on the 20th and 21st, and the shear will push northward. The middle level will be near the edge of the swing of the subtropical high, and the weather will be mainly cloudy and hot, but local convective rain will be triggered in the southwest wind field.

Future weather in Jiangmen

It is estimated that it will be cloudy and sunny on the 21st, with hot weather and some showers at noon. On 22-23, affected by the shear line, there were thunderstorms and local heavy rains; There was a thunderstorm on the 24th; Outlook 25-27 will be mainly cloudy with some showers.

Time for "Dragon Boat Water"

Pay attention to defense

It is understood that

From May 21st.

Jiangmen is about to enter the "Dragon Boat Water" weather process.

Rainfall is frequent, repeated and frequent.

Dragon Boat Water will last until June 20th.

In view of the frequent occurrence of heavy rainfall

Chen Binghong, Director of Guangzhou Meteorological Observatory

Some defense suggestions are provided to the general public.

↓↓↓

1. Pay close attention to the weather forecast, try to reduce going out during the rainstorm, and people in areas with potential risks and dangerous houses should take the initiative to cooperate with the government to evacuate in time to ensure that they stay in safe places.

2. When encountering heavy rain outdoors, avoid low-lying dangerous areas, such as low-lying tunnels, overpass holes, underground passages, etc., do not shelter from the rain under high walls, trees and billboards, and stay away from high-voltage power equipment such as poles and transformers.

3. Slow down when driving, don’t wade to low-lying areas and sunken tunnels, and prepare a safety hammer that can break the window in the car in advance. It is necessary to avoid parking vehicles in dangerous areas such as low-lying and waterlogging.

4. When there is water in the house, the switch and gas valve should be closed in time. When the water is too deep, it should be evacuated quickly, and emergency items should be taken when evacuating. If you are accidentally trapped, you should immediately call the police for help.

Data map. Photo by Guo Yongle

Timely soup recommendation

Stir-fried glutinous rice with Smilax glabra and stewed keel.

Ingredients: 60g of dried Smilax glabra (200g of fresh Smilax glabra), 50g of fried Coicis Semen, 1 petal of dried tangerine peel, 2 candied dates, 250g of pork spine, and proper amount of salt.

Practice: chop the pork spine and blanch it, then add a proper amount of water to the pot to boil, add the above materials, cook for 1 hour on slow fire and season.

Efficacy: This soup is suitable for people in damp heat constitution who have sticky stools, yellow urine and are prone to sores and furuncles. People with yang deficiency constitution can add ginger slightly; Pregnant women are not suitable.

Hawthorn lentil gold and silver soup

Ingredients: 40g of hawthorn, 50g of fried lentils, 2 fresh and 2 preserved duck gizzards, 200g of pork, 1/4 dried tangerine peel and 3 slices of ginger.

Practice: wash and soak all the herbs, and remove the pulp from dried tangerine peel; Wash and cut open the fresh duck gizzards to remove dirt, and wash them without stripping the gold from the duck; Soak the preserved duck gizzards in warm water and wash them; Wash the pig’s meat at the moon show. Put them together in a clay pot, add 2500 ml of clear water, simmer for 2 hours after the strong fire is boiled, and add salt, which is 3 ~ 4 people.

Efficacy: invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness, appetizing and resolving stagnation. Lentils are sweet and mild in nature, and they are good medicines for invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness, and can be used for fatigue, anorexia, loose stool and diarrhea caused by spleen deficiency and dampness. Together with hawthorn, it has the effects of invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness, promoting digestion and appetizing.

Suitable for people: people with abdominal distension and loss of appetite, especially those with dyslipidemia.

Braised pork hearts with red dates, longan and poria cocos.

Ingredients: 1 pig heart, 30 grams of Poria, 5 red dates, 30 grams of longan meat and 3 slices of ginger.

Practice: pig’s heart is boiled for use. Add all the ingredients into boiling water, simmer for 50 minutes until the pork heart is cooked, and season.

Efficacy: It has a good effect of nourishing the heart and calming the nerves. It is most suitable for people who are prone to spontaneous sweating, palpitation, pale face, insomnia and dreaminess.

Original title: "Thunderstorm+high temperature! "sauna day" is online! 》

Read the original text

　　CCTV News:Zhanjiang Customs and Zhanjiang Tobacco Monopoly Bureau took a harmless approach on the 22nd, publicly and intensively destroying about 430,000 smuggled and confiscated cigarettes including Marlboro, Aixi, Nanyang Double Happiness and other brands, with a value of over 600 million yuan.

　

　　More than 40 kinds of smuggled and confiscated cigarettes, including Marlboro, Aixi, Nanyang Double Happiness and other domestic and foreign brands, were collectively destroyed, all of which were seized and confiscated by Zhanjiang Customs in recent years in the crackdown on smuggling. Smugglers generally smuggle cigarettes into the country by bypassing the customs, using modified cars to transport them, and smuggling is organized and specialized.

　

　　Case handlers of Zhanjiang Customs Anti-smuggling BureauIn order to pack more cigarettes, he will remove the seat and the armrest in the back row and even install some load-bearing spring steel beams in the lower part of the car.

　　In recent years, Zhanjiang Customs has cracked a series of extraordinarily large cigarette smuggling gang cases, among which 220,000 boxes of cigarettes were involved in the "1.23" extraordinarily large cigarette smuggling case, with a case value of 1.08 billion yuan, and 16 people were transferred for prosecution; The "7.16" extra-large cigarette smuggling case involved 503,700 boxes of smuggled cigarettes, with a case value of 3.316 billion yuan. 96 suspects were arrested and 70 people were transferred for prosecution. This case was the largest cigarette smuggling case seized by the national customs in recent years and was also listed as one of the top ten classic anti-smuggling cases of the national customs in that year.

　　Chen Zhifeng, Deputy Commissioner of Zhanjiang Customs: "We insist on cracking down on gangs and destroying the network. Since 2017, we have carried out a total of 42 special actions to crack down on cigarette smuggling and seized 117 cases, which has played a role in cracking down on one side and shocking one side. Today, we held a major special event to destroy smuggled cigarettes, highlighting the achievements and strong determination of the customs and law enforcement units to resolutely crack down on smuggled cigarettes. "

　　It is understood that today’s destruction of smuggled and confiscated cigarettes was carried out in a bio-power plant in Zhanjiang. After burning more than 430 thousand cigarettes to generate electricity, it can generate about 142 thousand kwh of electricity, which can be used by 71 urban families for one year.

　　Specialized cigarette smuggling gangs have a clear division of labor.

　

　　A large part of the confiscated smuggled cigarettes destroyed in Zhanjiang came from the "7.16" smuggling cigarette case that was uncovered a few days ago. Zhanjiang Customs not only destroyed a large cigarette smuggling criminal network, but also destroyed 18 customs clearance, transportation and other related gangs and arrested 96 suspects, involving a total value of 3.316 billion yuan.

　　In the whole process of smuggling cigarettes, criminal gangs in all links are well organized, with clear division of labor and obvious professional characteristics. They are profitable in the whole smuggling chain, and the gangs have gradually formed a long-term cooperation and risk-sharing interest alliance.

　　"airplane boy": wantonly smuggling and breaking through the customs

　

　　In the investigation, the anti-smuggling personnel of Zhanjiang Customs found that smuggled cigarettes were generally smuggled in from Dongxing and other border areas on the border between Guangxi and Vietnam. These smuggled cigarettes are transported to Guangdong by transport vehicles, which are commonly known as "airplane boys". Many modified vans, off-road vehicles and other vehicles are parked in Zhanjiang Customs’ warehouse dedicated to storing smuggled goods. Anti-smuggling personnel told reporters that these vehicles are commonly known as "airplane children" because they are all equipped with fake license plates when pulling goods.

　　In order to ship more goods, the suspect also carefully modified the car.

　　Cao Jianing, Deputy Section Chief, Investigation Division I, Zhanjiang Customs Anti-smuggling Bureau: "Remove it all like this, so that it can fill more smuggled goods. For example, in some corners, it can be disassembled into strips and stuffed inside. Then, in the middle of the front row and the back row, it will hang a crossbar, draw a curtain on it and cover it with a black cloth, so that the window has an explosion-proof film and the front is blocked with black cloth."

　　Recently, the anti-smuggling department of Zhanjiang Customs cooperated with local functional departments to carry out an anti-smuggling operation in land transit. During the anti-smuggling operation, anti-smuggling personnel found some new trends in transporting smuggled cigarettes. Smugglers make an appointment to contact drivers through the APP network car rental platform, and use the vehicles of logistics companies to transport smuggled cigarettes. Make an appointment for the driver to pull the goods through the APP platform.

　　[Doing Five Great Articles to Promote High-quality Financial Development]

　　Author: Dong Zhi (Vice President of Peking University, Dean of School of Economics)

　　The Central Financial Work Conference held a few days ago put forward that "finance should provide high-quality services for economic and social development" and "do five major articles on technology and finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance and digital finance", which pointed out the direction for China’s financial services to the real economy. As the first of the "Five Great Articles", doing a good job in technology and finance’s great article not only shows that the Party and the country attach great importance to scientific and technological innovation, but also shows that science and technology, as the primary productive force, plays an important role in economic and social development, and it also shows that technology and finance plays an important role in promoting high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

　　1 fully understand the significance of doing a good job in technology and finance’s great articles.

　　Technology and finance refers to a series of financial activities of scientific and technological innovation in financial services and the development of scientific and technological enterprises. It is the product of deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and financial innovation, involving financial system, financial policy, financial model, financial products and other aspects. Doing a good job in technology and finance’s great article is an inherent requirement for China to enter a new stage of development, implement new development concepts, and build a new development pattern. It is also the need for finance to achieve high-quality development and achieve the goal of becoming a financial power.

　　Lay a solid foundation for realizing a strong country through science and technology. Innovation is the first driving force to lead development, and finance is the blood of the development of the real economy. On the one hand, technology and finance has expanded the financing channels of scientific and technological innovative enterprises, reduced the risk of financial exclusion of scientific and technological innovative enterprises, and effectively improved their scientific and technological innovation capabilities. Flexible and diversified financing methods are particularly obvious in supporting long-term and difficult scientific and technological innovation; On the other hand, technology and finance can provide innovative financing incentives for enterprises, cultivate their innovative consciousness in the field of actual production and service, promote the transformation of old and new kinetic energy, optimize the structure of the real economy and improve the overall economic benefits.

　　Inject strong impetus into building a financial power. The development of technology and finance can promote the formation of the innovation ecosystem of the real economy and the financial industry at the same time, which not only provides a more favorable environment for scientific and technological innovation, but also provides a platform for orderly competition in the financial industry. Through diversified financing methods, technology and finance provides full-chain, full-life financial services for science and technology enterprises, which not only promotes scientific and technological enterprises to carry out R&D innovation activities and transform scientific and technological achievements, but also reduces the tendency of funds to be divorced from reality. In addition, the development of technology and finance has also built a platform for financial institutions to achieve innovative competitive development. Excellent technology and finance institutions should be able to quickly and effectively identify science and technology-based enterprises with technology transformation capability and market potential, and also provide multi-level services in finance, operation, R&D and even industrial chain integration.

　　Provide a strong guarantee for independent development. At present, the world’s great changes in the past century have accelerated its evolution, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation has developed in depth, and the international power has been profoundly adjusted. Major countries have regarded scientific and technological innovation as the main battlefield of the international strategic game, and the competition around the commanding heights of scientific and technological innovation has been unprecedentedly fierce. China’s development has also entered a period in which strategic opportunities and risk challenges coexist and uncertain and unpredictable factors increase. The sound development of technology and finance can effectively help independent research and development, ensure the stability and security of China’s industrial chain and supply chain, accelerate the deployment of innovation chain around the industrial chain, and escort the self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology.

　　2 The current development trend of technology and finance in China

　　In recent years, China’s high-tech industry has developed vigorously. By the end of the third quarter of 2023, China had cultivated 103,000 specialized and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises, and 178 national high-tech industrial development zones achieved a total industrial output value of 23.5 trillion yuan. The proportion of high-tech industries has been expanding, and high-tech manufacturing has accounted for 15.3% of the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size. How to use financial services to boost the development of high-tech industries and optimize the national economic structure has become a key issue that macro-economy must answer to achieve high-quality development. In this context, China attaches great importance to the construction of technology and finance system, actively promotes the deep integration of finance and science and technology, and gives full play to the synergistic role of market and government in the development of technology and finance. It has not only initially established a diversified service system in technology and finance, including venture capital, stock market, bond market and bank credit, but also formed a market-oriented support system represented by government-guided funds to promote the development of technology and finance. technology and finance’s development has achieved remarkable results.

　　By the end of June 2023, the management scale of venture capital and private equity investment funds in China was nearly 14 trillion yuan, and hard technology enterprises became the hot target of equity investment. Science and technology innovation board injected a strong impetus into the development of science and technology enterprises, successfully promoted more than 500 enterprises to realize IPO, and raised nearly one trillion yuan; Beijing Stock Exchange strives to promote the formation of a full-chain service system to support the innovation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and has become the main position to build innovative small and medium-sized enterprises with services. Among them, more than 80 enterprises have been selected into the national list of "Little Giant" enterprises with specialization and innovation, and over 80% of the companies have been selected into the list of provincial and municipal enterprises with specialization and innovation. In addition to equity financing, technology and finance’s related debt financing has also increased significantly, with the balance of Kechuang bills and Kechuang corporate bonds of about 450 billion yuan, and the balance of medium and long-term loans for high-tech manufacturing, loans for small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises and loans for "specialized and innovative" enterprises of 2.5 trillion yuan, 2.36 trillion yuan and 2.72 trillion yuan respectively, maintaining a growth rate of over 20% for many years. In addition, in order to effectively solve the information asymmetry between science and technology enterprises and financial institutions and the financing difficulties of science and technology enterprises, since 2020, the Torch Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology has launched an enterprise innovation point system to "portrait" the innovation ability of enterprises through the form of innovation points, identify and discover science and technology enterprises with strong innovation ability and great growth potential, and encourage financial institutions to provide credit support in combination with scientific and technological innovation evaluation.Guide local governments to open up direct channels for fiscal, taxation, science and education, industry, finance and other policy resources to support enterprise innovation.

　　With the rapid ecological progress in technology and finance, China, the government-guided fund has played an important role in promoting scientific and technological innovation and promoting the structural reform of the financial supply side. By the third quarter of 2023, governments at all levels had set up 1,557 government guidance funds, with a management scale of nearly 3 trillion yuan. The investment field focused on cutting-edge technology, of which funds led by strategic emerging industries accounted for 50%, which played an increasingly prominent role in promoting scientific and technological progress and promoting regional development.

　　3 to cope with the challenges facing the development of technology and finance.

　　To do a good job of technology and finance’s great article needs to be rooted in the national conditions. We should not only understand the inherent characteristics of finance, but also grasp the development law of scientific and technological innovation, and rationally treat the difficulties and challenges faced by technology and finance in its development process.

　　First of all, based on the current situation of China’s financial development, we must explore the road of high-quality development in technology and finance by promoting the mutual complement of direct financing and indirect financing, and uniting multi-channels to support scientific and technological innovation. China’s financing structure has been dominated by indirect financing for a long time, and credit assets account for more than half of the total financial assets. However, scientific and technological innovation, especially some frontier scientific and technological innovation projects, often involve a lot of investment, a long period of time and high risks, and there is great uncertainty in research and development results, so it is difficult for indirect financing to meet the demands of scientific and technological innovation enterprises for capital and financial risk management at the same time. Indirect financing takes creditors’ fixed interest income as economic incentive, and lacks innovative benefit sharing mechanism, and financial institutions providing indirect financial services also lack the motivation to share innovative risks. The intrinsic value of science and technology enterprises is more reflected in the intangible assets formed by innovation, such as technological advantages, patents, intellectual property rights, etc. It is more difficult to evaluate their assets, and they often do not have the conditions to obtain financing through mortgage loans of tangible assets. However, the financing demand for technology transformation is expanding rapidly, which will lead enterprises to face the problems of financing difficulties, expensive financing and slow financing.

　　Secondly, the development of technology and finance not only needs financial institutions to closely contact professional scientific research institutions, but also needs the government to fill the weak links in the system from the aspects of rule of law, finance and taxation, scientific research, credit and talents, and improve the support and guarantee for the development of technology and finance. Financial services must weigh the benefits and risks, but technological innovation itself has great risks. Scientific and technological innovation not only faces a long innovation chain and transformation chain, but also faces the increasing change of science and technology, and the innovation results may be born behind. Moreover, the complexity of scientific and technological innovation leads to the prominent problem of information asymmetry between science and technology-based enterprises and financial institutions. It is often difficult for financial institutions and even government departments to effectively assess the technological risks of science and technology-based enterprises, and it is easy to cause institutional arbitrage due to information asymmetry, which ultimately affects the accuracy of technology and finance’s services.

　　Finally, the development of technology and finance urgently needs to strengthen the overall planning and policy coordination, and the relevant regulatory authorities need to rationally and objectively look at and steadily promote the development of technology and finance. First, in recent years, the state has issued a series of policies to support scientific and technological innovation and the development of technology and finance, but the policy support system is not accurate enough, which leads to difficulties in policy implementation, which not only increases the burden of government expenditure, but also distorts reasonable innovation incentives. Second, when large-scale scientific and technological innovation enterprises become the service targets of the financial industry, the inherent R&D risks of scientific and technological innovation will also be transformed into financial risks. At the moment when the development trend of interdisciplinary and cross-border infiltration is more obvious, the scientific research organization model of division and governance cannot be rapidly transformed, which will also increase the backward risks of related scientific and technological innovations.

　　4 Identify the path of action to promote the development of technology and finance.

　　To effectively guide the financial industry to serve China’s scientific and technological innovation, we should not only co-ordinate the overall situation at home and abroad, make full use of the domestic and international markets and resources, but also co-ordinate the two major events of development and security, prevent the risks brought by technology and finance while promoting the high-quality development of technology and finance, and effectively identify the right path of action.

　　First, improve relevant institutional mechanisms and establish a diversified technology and finance system. A perfect multi-level capital market is the market foundation for technology and finance’s high-quality development. We should further improve the listing and trading systems of GEM, science and technology innovation board and Beijiao Stock Exchange, as well as the listing and trading systems of the New Third Board and regional equity markets, so as to provide more financing channels for scientific and technological innovation enterprises. Guide and support all kinds of financial institutions to carry out technology and finance services, encourage financial institutions to innovate financial products and services, guide and support equity investment institutions to carry out scientific and technological investment business, meet the financing needs of different types of scientific and technological innovation at different stages, and provide more financial support for scientific and technological innovation enterprises. The government should increase the research and investment in scientific and technological innovation, keep up with the cutting-edge scientific and technological direction, and work with the market to screen out scientific and technological innovation tracks with technical and market potential. Increase the input of government guidance fund in a timely manner to improve its guidance effect and leverage. The healthy development of government-guided funds can not be separated from a perfect exit mechanism. We should design a reasonable income distribution scheme on the basis of improving investment decision-making ability to ensure that government-guided funds can achieve their own sustainable development while supporting scientific and technological innovation and industrial upgrading.

　　Second, promote the deep integration of technological innovation and financial innovation, and realize the coordinated development of technology and finance. On the one hand, adapt to the financial needs of technological innovation and promote technological innovation with financial innovation. The financial system should provide all-round financial services for technological innovation, encourage traditional financial institutions to innovate financial products and services, and support financial institutions to cooperate with technological innovation enterprises to jointly develop innovative financial products and services. On the other hand, accelerate the financial sector to embrace cutting-edge technology and empower financial services with technological innovation. Financial institutions accelerate digital transformation and adopt advanced scientific and technological means, which can improve the efficiency of financial services and provide broader development space for scientific and technological innovation, and use financial and technological means such as data credit enhancement, corporate portrait and technical patent evaluation to broaden financing channels for scientific and technological enterprises.

　　Third, enhance the support and guarantee capacity of technology and finance’s policies and improve the supporting system of technology and finance’s development. In terms of basic guarantee, the foundation of technology and finance’s high-quality development lies in the continuous improvement of relevant supporting infrastructure systems, including technology and finance information platform, science and technology patent database and technology and finance service platform, so as to provide necessary technical support and infrastructure guarantee for the development of technology and finance. Among them, the construction of technology and finance-related credit information system is the key. We should focus on establishing a perfect credit system in technology and finance, including the credit information publicity system of scientific and technological enterprises and the basic database of personal credit information, actively promote the sharing of credit information among financial institutions, credit reporting agencies and public institutions, break down the information barriers, and jointly provide more comprehensive and accurate credit information support for technology and finance. The government pays attention to providing a series of support policies, such as financial support, tax incentives and credit support, to increase the training and introduction of talents in technology and finance.

　　Fourth, improve the level of risk management and supervision in technology and finance to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of technology and finance. First, strengthen the risk management capabilities of financial institutions. Financial institutions should not only adapt to the development trend of technology and finance, clarify the risk management objectives and strategies, strengthen risk identification, evaluation and control, and ensure that the business risks in technology and finance can be controlled, but also strengthen the monitoring and early warning of the business in technology and finance, so as to find and deal with potential risks in time and prevent the risk from spreading and spreading while accelerating the construction of the risk firewall system. Actively promote the application of scientific and technological innovation in risk management, empower the development of technology and finance with financial scientific and technological innovation, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of risk management. Secondly, increase support for science and technology insurance and guarantee, encourage and support insurance companies and guarantee institutions to carry out science and technology insurance and guarantee business, and provide risk protection for science and technology innovation enterprises. Finally, constantly improve the supervision system in technology and finance, establish supervision rules and standards suitable for the development of technology and finance, ensure the effectiveness and fairness of supervision, coordinate development and safety, and form a joint force of government guidance, market operation and social participation to jointly promote the healthy and sustainable development of technology and finance.

　　Guangming Daily (11th edition, December 19th, 2023)

On the morning of January 6th, the commissioning ceremony of Yunnan Pu ‘er State-owned Organic Tea Co., Ltd. was held. Wang Gang, Deputy Secretary of Pu ‘er Municipal Committee and Mayor, Chen Yunzhong, Deputy Secretary, Vice Chairman and General Manager of Yunnan Yunken Group, attended the ceremony and delivered speeches. Ren Yuanzheng, Deputy Secretary of the Municipal Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department of the Municipal Committee, presided over the ceremony.

In his speech, Wang Gang, on behalf of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, expressed warm congratulations on the project’s commissioning and heartfelt thanks to Yunnan Agricultural Reclamation Group, which has long supported the development of Pu ‘er. He said that the Pu ‘er Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have always attached great importance to the development of the tea industry, promoted the organic tea industry base, standardization of processing, enterprise intensification and market branding, promoted the integration of tea and tourism, and realized the integrated development of the whole industry chain. The tea industry in the whole city has shown a sustained and good development momentum and has become the largest organic tea production base in China. The cooperation between Pu ‘er and Yunnan Agricultural Reclamation Group has a long history, and the two sides have jointly met many challenges, shared many opportunities and achieved many win-win results. We sincerely hope that Yunpu Guocha Co., Ltd. will help Pu ‘er to upgrade the tea industry, develop tea technology and revitalize tea culture from the completion and commissioning of this project, and strive to become an industry leader, standard setter and resource integrator of Pu ‘er organic tea industry, better integrate into the "100 billion-level cloud tea industry" and promote the high-quality development of Pu ‘er tea industry.

In his speech, Chen Yunzhong said that Pu ‘er is famous for its tea, prospering the city with tea and enriching the city with tea, and the tea industry has become the first pillar industry for economic development, farmers’ income increase and rural revitalization in Pu ‘er. Yunnan Agricultural Reclamation Group adheres to the mission of "green agriculture, serving the country and benefiting the people", practices the responsibility of "land reclamation and win-win development", bases itself on Pu ‘er, deeply cultivates Pu ‘er and develops its industry. We will always focus on the "3815" strategic development goal of the provincial party committee, focus on the intensive processing project with an annual output of 2,000 tons of organic tea, promote the green and organic development of the tea industry, promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, synchronize the ecology with the industry, make cooperation and development at the same frequency, realize "developing one industry, driving one side’s economy and enriching one side’s people", and make a land reclamation to promote Yunnan’s transformation from a "big tea province" to a "strong tea province".

According to reports, on August 17, 2020, the Pu ‘er Municipal People’s Government and Yunnan Agricultural Reclamation Group signed the "Pu ‘er Organic Tea Industry Cooperation Agreement", and the two parties jointly established Yunnan Pu ‘er State-owned Organic Tea Industry Co., Ltd. Since its establishment, the company has relied on the advantages of organic tea resources in Pu ‘er City, in accordance with the development model of "big industry+new subject+new platform", in order to grasp the organic, create famous brands, raise leading players, occupy the market, build platforms and achieve both production and finance.

At the ceremony, Yunpu Guocha Co., Ltd. signed a sales agreement with Zhejiang Cangsheng Technology Group Co., Ltd. and other enterprises, and signed 26 raw material procurement contracts with major tea producing areas in Pu ‘er City. The leaders and guests attending the meeting visited the site of deep processing and production of organic tea.

Hu Guoyun, Tian Yang, Chen Qi, heads of relevant departments directly under Pu ‘er Municipality and Simao District, relevant leaders of Yunnan Agricultural Reclamation Group and heads of departments and enterprises attended the commissioning ceremony.

Author Zangling Liang Ruiqin

Editing Cao Qihan

Supervisor Hu Xueying

Original title: Yunnan Puguo Tea Co., Ltd. put into production the intensive processing project of organic tea with an annual output of 2,000 tons.