Ten rules and four common sense of earthquake escape and self-help
Although earthquakes are unavoidable and uncontrollable at present, as long as we master some skills, we can minimize the damage from disasters.
For the personal safety of yourself and your family, please hide under the table and other solid furniture.
The big shaking time is about 1 minute. This is the first thing that should be taken into account is the personal safety of yourself and your family. First, hide under a solid table with a low center of gravity, and hold the legs of the table tightly. In places where there is no table to hide, protect your head with cushions and other things anyway.
2. Turn off the fire immediately when shaking, and put out the fire immediately when there is a fire.
When there is a big earthquake, there will also be cases where you can’t rely on fire engines to put out the fire. Therefore, the efforts of each of us to turn off the fire and put out the fire are an important factor in whether the earthquake disaster can be controlled to a minimum.
Get into the habit of turning off the fire even if it is a small earthquake.
In order not to make the fire a disaster, it goes without saying that it is extremely important for the family to help each other and put out the fire early.
During the earthquake, there are three chances to turn off the fire.The first chance is when the big shake comes before the small shake.
At the moment of perceiving small shaking, they immediately greeted each other: "Earthquake! Turn off the fire! " Turn off the heating stove, gas stove, etc.
Second chance when the big shake stops
It is very dangerous to turn off the fire when there is a big shaking, and the kettle placed on the gas stove and heating stove slides down.
After the big shaking stopped, he shouted again: "Turn off the fire! Turn off the fire! " And turn off the fire.
The third chance is after the fire.
Even if there is a fire, it can be put out within 1-2 minutes. In order to put out the fire quickly, please always place the fire extinguisher and fire bucket near the fire place.
Don’t run outdoors in a panic.
After the earthquake, it is very dangerous to run out in a panic, and broken glass, tiles on the roof, billboards, etc. fall and hit you. In addition, cement prefabricated walls and vending machines are also in danger of collapse. Don’t get close to these objects.
4. Open the door and ensure the exit.
Houses with reinforced concrete structures, etc., have been locked in the house because of the dislocation of doors and windows caused by the shaking of earthquakes. Please open the door and ensure the exit.
Usually, you should think about how to escape in case you are locked in the house, and prepare ladders and ropes.
5. In outdoor situations, protect your head and avoid dangerous places.
When the earth shakes violently and stands unsteadily, people will have the psychology of leaning and grasping something. Most of the doorposts and walls around you will be the objects of support. However, these seemingly solid things are actually dangerous.
During the undersea earthquake in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan in 1987, many people were killed or injured due to the collapse of precast concrete walls and doorposts. Be sure not to get close to cement precast slab walls, doorposts, etc.
In busy streets and buildings, the most dangerous thing is that glass windows, billboards and other things fall and hurt people. Pay attention to protect your head with your hands or handbags.
In addition, you should also pay attention to the vending machine tipping over and hurting people.
In the building area, according to the situation, it is safer to enter the building to avoid.
6. In department stores and theaters, follow the instructions of the staff.
In department stores, underground streets and other places where there are many people, the most terrible thing is chaos. Please follow the instructions of the store staff and security personnel.
As far as earthquakes are concerned, it is said that underground streets are relatively safe. Even if there is a power failure, the emergency lighting will come on immediately. Please take action calmly.
In case of fire, it will be filled with smoke immediately. Take refuge in a posture of lowering your body, and do not smoke at all.
If you take the elevator
In case of earthquake or fire, you can’t use the elevator. In case of an earthquake when you take the elevator, press all the buttons on each floor of the operation panel. Once you stop, leave the elevator quickly and take refuge after confirming safety.
Elevators in high-rise buildings and recent buildings are equipped with devices to control operation. When an earthquake happens, it will automatically stop at the nearest floor.
If you are locked in the elevator, please contact the management room through the dedicated telephone in the elevator for help.
7. Cars are parked by the roadside, and driving is prohibited in the controlled area.
In the event of a major earthquake, the car will be like a flat tire, unable to grasp the steering wheel and difficult to drive. You must pay full attention to avoid the intersection and stop the car by the side of the road. In order not to hinder the passage of evacuees and emergency vehicles, we should give way to the middle part of the road.
Most roads in the downtown area will be completely closed. Pay full attention to the car radio broadcast. If there is a policeman nearby, you should follow his instructions.
When it is necessary to take refuge, in order not to get involved in the fire, please close the window, put the car keys in the car, don’t lock the door, and act with the local people.
8. Be sure to pay attention to landslides, falling rocks or tsunamis.
On the hillside and steep slope, there is a danger of landslides and falling rocks, so you should take refuge in a safe place quickly.
On the coast, there is a danger of encountering a tsunami. If you feel an earthquake or send out a tsunami warning, please pay attention to the information on the radio and TV and take refuge in a safe place quickly.
9. When taking refuge, you should walk, and your belongings should be kept to a minimum.
When the fire caused by the earthquake spreads and burns, and life and personal safety are in danger, take refuge measures. In principle, people’s disaster prevention organizations, streets, etc. should be taken as the unit to take refuge on foot under the leadership of the person in charge and the police, and the articles carried should be at a minimum. Never take refuge by car or bicycle.
The cooperation and mutual assistance of local residents is indispensable for the refuge of patients. From normal times, it is necessary for neighbors to agree on the way of refuge in advance.
10. Don’t listen to rumors and don’t act rashly.
In the event of a major earthquake, people are easily shaken psychologically. In order to prevent confusion, it is extremely important for everyone to act calmly based on correct information.
Grasp the correct information from the portable radio, etc. Trust the information directly obtained from the government, police, fire prevention agencies, and never trust irresponsible gossip, and don’t act rashly.
How to protect yourself in public places
When encountering an earthquake in a public place where people gather, it is most taboo to panic, otherwise it will lead to disorder and mutual squeezing, which will lead to casualties, and should be quickly evacuated from multiple intersections in an organized manner.
1. If you encounter an earthquake in theaters, gymnasiums, etc., you should be calm and calm, especially when there is power failure on the spot. Don’t yell and scream, and don’t crowd and hug. You should squat down or hide under the row chairs, pay attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and electric fans, and protect your head with leather bags. After the earthquake, listen to the staff and evacuate in an organized way.
2. During the earthquake, when you are in a shopping mall, bookstore, exhibition hall, etc., you should choose a solid counter, goods (such as low furniture, etc.) or pillars, and squat down on the spot at the inner corner, protect your head with your hands or other things, avoid glass doors and windows and glass windows, or squat down in the passage, wait for the earthquake to subside, and evacuate in an orderly manner.
3. Students in class should hold their heads and close their eyes quickly under the command of the teacher, and never run around or jump off a building. After the earthquake, they should leave the classroom in an organized way and go to the nearest open area for shock absorption.
4. The stadium where the competition is going on should immediately stop the competition, stabilize the mood of the audience, prevent chaos and crowding, and evacuate to the outside of the stadium in an organized and step-by-step manner.
