Don’t say I don’t know, it turns out that it is wrong to charge the mobile phone like this!
【PConline talk】 Since the popularity of smart phones, their endurance performance has become the main factor for everyone’s criticism. Although the current mobile phone has a large battery of three or four thousand mAh, it still cannot escape the situation of heavy users rushing every two days or even every day. At present, limited by the development of electrode materials/structures, the energy density of lithium batteries cannot be increased indefinitely. Therefore, charging has become an essential part of our daily life. So what is the knowledge of charging mobile phones? Today, the author talks to you about "how to charge correctly and safely."
Brief introduction of charging principle of mobile phone lithium battery
Charge first①In the constant current stage, the actual battery voltage is lower than the charging voltage (mostly 4.3v), and the battery voltage rises during the constant current charging process. When it rises to about 4.3v (the battery charge is about 85%), it enters.②Constant voltage mode, charging current gradually decreases, charging is about to be completed, and then enter.③Trickle charging mode, charging with pulse current, extending battery life.
Let’s start with a charging process diagram of mobile phone charging (lithium battery):
Battery charging curve
It doesn’t matter if you don’t understand the above one. In fact, in simple terms,The whole charging process of smart phone can be divided into three parts.：
①Constant current stage, when the actual battery voltage is lower than the charging voltage. The battery voltage (red solid line in the figure) gradually rises from a low value to a fixed value, but the current (blue solid line in the figure) remains unchanged. This is the constant current process of lithium battery charging.
②In the constant voltage stage, after the battery voltage reaches a fixed value, the current output to the battery gradually decreases, and the charging efficiency also begins to decrease. And this process is a constant pressure process.
③Trickle charging mode, finally, when it is close to full, enter the trickle charging mode and charge with pulse current until it is completely full, and the battery charging is completed.
Have you tried all these wrong charging methods?
1. Buy a new machine and charge it for 12 hours to "activate" the battery.
Many friends around me like to charge their new mobile phones for 12 hours, saying that this will activate the battery. In fact, the activation of lithium battery is not so troublesome. After long-term storage, lithium battery will indeed enter a "dormant" state, and its capacity is lower than normal. At this time, it only needs to be charged normally for 3~5 times (without deliberately charging/discharging) to activate the lithium battery and restore it to its normal capacity.
So you don’t need to drain the battery and charge it continuously for 12 hours when you buy a new machine.
2. Plug in the charger and play with your mobile phone while charging.
We often hear in the news that someone’s mobile phone explodes or gets an electric shock while charging. The final investigation results show that most of them are caused by shanzhai chargers, so if you need to buy a non-original charger, you must buy a product that has passed the national 3C certification, and the input/output parameters are correct, and the manufacturer information is available.
Simply put, when choosing a charger, you need to pay special attention to the following situations:
— — （1）.The input voltage is preferably a broadband voltage, that is, 100~220v/50~60Hz.In some areas, the charging head only has 110v input. If you take it back to China, you can burn the charger directly, or burn the mobile phone!
— —（2）.The output voltage is about 5v (4.9/5.1), and the larger the output current, the better (if it is too small, the charger often heats up at full load and the output is unstable), but if one end of the wire is a microUSB port, it will basically not exceed 3a, and the Type-C port may have more than 3 A.The amperage here only represents the allowable output current, not the real output current.
— —（3）.National 3C certification is a must.
— —（4）.Manufacturer information must be available.
— —（5）.The work of the cottage charger is rough (especially the beard insertion and the sealing edge of the shell) and the font is fuzzy, which must be distinguished.
— —（6）.Mobile phones that support fast charging are not recommended to use too thin wires for charging. VOOC flash charging can only use original wires, and QC fast charging wires must ensure the integrity of D+/D- lines (that is, connecting computers can identify devices).
In addition, we should not play while charging. After all, when charging, the battery and charging related circuits will emit a lot of heat. If the Soc of the mobile phone runs at high load, the body temperature will be too high. The mobile phone with too high temperature will also control the heat by reducing the performance and charging speed, which will lead to the slow charging experience.
3. Charge only when there is no electricity, and it will be full as soon as it is charged.
Don’t wait until the battery of your mobile phone is completely exhausted, and there is no need to fully charge the battery every time.Most of the current mobile phones are lithium batteries, and the emphasis is on "eating less and eating more meals". The life of lithium battery is measured by the charging cycle, not the charging times as everyone thinks. The charging cycle refers to the process that all the battery charges from full to empty, and then from empty to full. If there is a 2000 mA battery, you will be fully charged after every 200 mA, then you have to charge it 10 times to calculate a charging cycle (2000 mA =200mAh times 10 times).
The lithium battery that the mobile phone is now equipped with has no so-called memory effect. There is no need to worry about the impact of insufficient charging on battery life.Fill it if you want, and pull it out if you want.
4. When charging, the fever is obvious. Still wearing a mobile phone case.
Nowadays, almost everyone on a smart phone will give him a gorgeous "coat". I don’t know that lithium batteries will be hot when charging. These gorgeous "coats" will hinder the heat dissipation when charging the mobile phone, thus affecting the charging speed and even accidents.
If the user finds that his mobile phone is not obviously hot when charging, there is no need to take off the mobile phone case. If the mobile phone is hot when charging, he will take it off decisively.
Tip: How to charge quickly?
1. Shutdown charging/flight mode charging
Many people know that the screen and processor are the most power-consuming places of mobile phones, but in fact, the RF module of mobile phones also consumes a lot of power, that is, even if you turn off the screen, if the mobile phone is still synchronizing data (for example, WeChat is still receiving messages), then your charging speed will not be fast.
So, when needed,urgentWhen charging, turning off the power of the mobile phone is the fastest charging method. In addition, we can also switch the mobile phone to flight mode, cut off the synchronization of data and improve the charging efficiency.
2. Make the phone cooler
In addition, too high/too low temperature will also affect the charging efficiency of lithium batteries. Apple said that the iPhone has the highest charging efficiency at room temperature of 22℃.
Android phones also use lithium-ion batteries or lithium-ion polymer batteries, so the appropriate charging room temperature should be close to iPhone. Therefore, avoiding too high or too low temperature during charging is also a way to improve the charging efficiency of mobile phones.
3. Avoid using computer USB port to charge.
When choosing a charger, many people will plug their mobile phones into the USB port of the computer conveniently, but the current output from the USB port of the computer is usually less than 1a(USB 2.0 500mA, 3.0 900mA). Therefore, it is recommended to use an independent power adapter, and the output current of the power adapter (charger) is suitable to be larger, so that the charger can output more current when the mobile phone has greater charging power demand, and it also avoids the unstable output caused by the long-term high-load operation of the charger (the one with small output current).
How to store the lithium battery of mobile phone?
1. Occasionally fully charge and discharge, and reserve a certain amount of electricity.
Although there is no memory effect in lithium batteries, there is no need for deep charging and discharging every time, lithium batteries, like other batteries, will have an "inert effect". If the chemicals in the batteries often do not participate in the reaction (that is, they are often not fully charged), they will also lose a certain capacity. Therefore, if the mobile phone is not used for a long time, it needs to be fully charged/discharged occasionally (once every 3 months or so), while lithium battery storage should avoid full charge/zero charge, and it is best to have about 40% power.
2. Avoid high temperature storage and physical impact.
Mobile phone lithium batteries that have not been used for a long time should be placed in a cool place to avoid electrostatic fire caused by being too dry, and should not be placed in a place that is too humid, because temperature and humidity will make lithium batteries self-discharge. The recommended ambient temperature for storage is 0℃~20℃. In addition, metal hard objects should be avoided to be stored together with lithium batteries, because the shell of lithium batteries is more likely to be pierced by hard objects and damage the batteries.
Summary: mobile phone charging can be done at will without entanglement.
Although there are many tips for charging mobile phones, and the knowledge about lithium batteries is not only those in the article, for ordinary mobile phone users,Pay more attention when choosing a charger and pay attention to the fever of the mobile phone when charging, which can basically ensure the battery life and safety.Besides, smart phones are getting cheaper and cheaper now, and many people have changed their phones before the batteries break down, so why do we have to worry so much?