Network Information Offices of Party Committees of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and Network Information Offices of Party Committees of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps:

The work of reporting online infringement information is an important measure for the online information department to practice the online mass line, an important means to protect the legitimate rights and interests of netizens, and is of great significance to promoting the formation of a positive, healthy and upward-oriented network culture. In order to strengthen the reporting of network infringement information, promote the establishment of a good network ecology, and earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the majority of netizens, we hereby put forward the following opinions.

I. General requirements

(A) the guiding ideology

Guided by the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the New Era, we will thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the First and Second Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, adhere to the people-centered development thought, adhere to the principle of centering on the center and serving the overall situation, aim at improving the sense of acquisition, happiness and security of the majority of netizens in cyberspace, take safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the majority of netizens as the starting point and the foothold, and focus on compacting the main responsibility of the website platform. Consolidate the work foundation, innovate and improve measures, improve system norms, improve institutional mechanisms, highlight the work of reporting online infringement information involving citizens and corporate legal persons, and continue to create a clear cyberspace to help the healthy and orderly development of the economy and society.

(2) Main principles

Adhere to the concept of system.Strengthen the overall design, pay attention to overall planning and coordination, promote the full coverage of online and offline acceptance and disposal, implement the main responsibility and supervision responsibility simultaneously, integrate horizontal coordination and vertical linkage, and promote the work in all directions and in the whole chain.

Adhere to the problem orientation.In view of the difficulty of blocking netizens’ network rights protection, based on functions, targeted policies, precise efforts, innovative work ideas, improved methods and means, and strive to improve the effectiveness and disposal rate of netizens reporting complaints.

Adhere to the law and regulations.Scientifically set the acceptance and disposal standards, strictly accept and dispose of the process, strengthen internal management, pay attention to risk prevention, ensure the accurate application of the law, complete procedures and compliance, and constantly improve the level of institutionalization and standardization of work.

Insist on paying attention to actual results.Enhance pertinence, highlight effectiveness, focus on key areas, focus on key links, comprehensively implement policies, treat both the symptoms and the root causes, and do in-depth and detailed work to ensure that all key tasks are implemented.

Second, lay a solid foundation for work

(3) Optimize the reporting service.Establish a diversified reporting platform to achieve full online and offline coverage and meet the multi-level and diversified reporting needs of netizens. Strengthen the service function of the reporting platform, and provide multi-functional reporting service products such as reporting complaints, reporting guidelines, typical cases and laws and regulations. Strengthen the construction of reporting channels, formulate reporting guidelines according to laws and regulations, and clarify reporting requirements to facilitate netizens to report effectively and accurately. Establish a complaint rights protection matrix, introduce legal consultation, judicial relief, public interest litigation, online mediation and other channels for netizens, and expand social forces to actively participate in the protection of netizens’ rights and interests.

(4) Improve the disposal mechanism.Establish a closed-loop reporting and disposal mechanism for the whole chain, actively accept and handle reports within the scope of responsibilities of the department, and discuss and judge reports outside the scope of responsibilities as appropriate; Strengthen tracking and supervision to ensure that "everything is settled and the pieces are echoed". Enrich the means of reporting and disposal, and establish hierarchical and classified disposal measures. Intensify punishment and severely punish malicious infringement, repeated infringement and group infringement. Strengthen the deterrent effect, severely deal with and promptly publish typical cases that are strongly reflected by the masses and highly concerned by public opinion.

(5) Improve the system and norms.Improve the acceptance and disposal norms, and clarify the acceptance object, acceptance scope, acceptance method and disposal measures. Improve the process specification, and refine the working procedures such as collective discussion, hierarchical control, and separation of trial and punishment. Establish a whistleblower information protection system, and it is strictly forbidden to disclose, tamper with, damage, sell or illegally provide whistleblower personal information and reporting materials to others. Improve information registration, work ledger, file management and other systems, improve work style and improve service quality.

(6) unify the criteria for judging.Give full play to the basic and leading role of standardization in network infringement information reporting, and study and formulate legally well-founded and scientifically applicable standards for the acceptance, review, judgment and disposal of network infringement information reporting. Encourage industry organizations and website platforms to actively participate in the formulation of standards. Promote the implementation and application of standardization, highlight the main application position of the website platform, strive to realize the practical transformation from "having good standards" to "using good standards", and gradually realize the same reporting items, the same acceptance conditions, the same proof requirements and the same handling results.

(7) Strengthen technical support.Strengthen the construction of technical system, improve the convenience and intelligence level of report acceptance and disposal; Expand the functions of dynamic monitoring, statistical analysis, trend judgment and effect evaluation, give full play to the role of basic data resources, and improve the ability of prediction, prevention and early warning. Accelerate the effective connection and interconnection of the network reporting technology management system of the network information department, coordinate the promotion of technology integration, data integration and business integration, enhance the ability of collaborative disposal of cross-level and cross-regional network infringement information reporting, and provide support for the establishment of a national "one chess game" work pattern of "one acceptance and one disposal".

Third, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens’ personal networks

(eight) clear the focus of personal reporting.Focus on accepting and disposing of clues that disclose personal information such as citizens’ home address, identity documents, contact information, medical health, whereabouts and financial accounts without personal consent or in violation of relevant state regulations. Focus on illegal websites and accounts that steal and sell personal information. Focus on the disposal of illegal accounts that use other people’s names, portraits, positions and other distinctive identification features, counterfeit others to publish information, express their positions and opinions, and carry out other online activities. Focus on handling illegal and bad information and related accounts that deface other people’s portraits, wrongly associate or improperly use other people’s portraits, insult, slander, spread rumors and discredit others’ reputations.

(9) Establish a rapid disposal channel for cyber violence information reporting.Establish an online cyber violence information reporting area, provide convenient reporting channels for netizens, and quickly accept and dispose of unfriendly and uncivilized remarks directed at individuals, especially cyber violence information such as "human flesh search", malicious attacks, rumors and slanders. Strictly deal with accounts that start, turn, multiply and incite the dissemination of cyber violence information. Adhere to the combination of online disposal and offline investigation, strengthen collaborative governance with law enforcement and judicial departments, improve the traceability of cyber violence information, investigate the legal responsibility of cyber violence perpetrators according to law, increase the illegal cost of cyber violence, and curb the chaos of cyber violence from the source.

(ten) to strengthen the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of special group networks.Give priority to protecting the legitimate rights and interests of minors on the Internet, and promptly dispose of illegal and bad information that insults, slanders, threatens minors or maliciously damages their image in the form of words, pictures, audio and video. Timely disposal of leaked names, residences, photos of minors and other illegal and bad information that may identify the true identity of minors. Severely crack down on cyber bullying involving minors according to law. Protect the legitimate rights and interests of women, the disabled, the elderly and other special groups in accordance with the law, and resolutely deal with illegal and bad information that creates social contradictions and incites group opposition, such as gender discrimination, age discrimination and geographical discrimination.

(eleven) to grasp the key areas of reporting acceptance and disposal.Focus on dealing with false and untrue information produced, copied and published by "self-media", establish a blacklist mechanism for online accounts (account subjects), and strictly deal with illegal accounts and their subjects in the report collection. Focus on the disposal of infringing information recommended by network information search service providers in the form of links, abstracts, snapshots, associative words, related searches, etc. Focus on dealing with infringement information such as mutual tearing and abuse, pulling and stepping on wars in online topics, information comments, live webcasts, short videos, online groups and other column links.

Fourth, earnestly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of enterprise networks

(twelve) to grasp the key points of reporting and disposal of enterprises.Focus on dealing with false information that infringes on the reputation of enterprises and entrepreneurs, reduces the public’s evaluation of enterprise products or services to the society, affects the normal production and operation activities of enterprises, and interferes with the market economic order by fabricating facts, making subjective assumptions, distorting interpretations, maliciously associating, deliberately speculating, and speculating old news. Dispose of the negative information of enterprises in accordance with the law, extort money, counterfeit the name of enterprises or prominently identify illegal websites and accounts that carry out network activities. Severely crack down on the network water army that manipulates public opinion and maliciously slanders corporate reputation.

(thirteen) to clarify the types of key enterprises.Protect the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises and entrepreneurs’ networks in accordance with the law, optimize the online business environment of enterprises, and support enterprises of various ownership systems to optimize reform, development and growth. Focus on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the "to be listed" enterprise network, and escort the smooth listing and financing of enterprises; Focus on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of listed companies’ networks, stabilize the market value of enterprises, and boost investor confidence; Focus on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of high-tech enterprises and "specialized and innovative" enterprise networks, and help enterprises innovate and develop, become bigger and better.

(fourteen) to open an online reporting area for enterprises.Establish a "two micro-ends" online reporting area for enterprises, clarify the scope of acceptance, reporting requirements and proof requirements, and actively accept reports of network infringement information of local enterprises. According to the working principle of "special person is responsible, priority is given, the whole process is tracked and settled within a limited time", the workflow is simplified and quickly disposed of according to law. For non-territorial network infringement information, timely submit it to the Central Network Information Office in accordance with relevant regulations and procedures.

(fifteen) improve the reporting and verification mechanism.Broaden the working ideas, innovate the methods of proof, enrich the forms of proof, reduce the difficulty of reporting by enterprises, and enhance the feasibility of reporting by enterprises. Sort out and summarize the dominant types of network infringement, such as insulting and abusing the network ecology, misleading public opinion out of context, and counterfeiting and counterfeiting illegal websites without filing, and clarify the specific circumstances without proof from judicial, administrative and other state agencies. Explore the effectiveness of third-party professional organizations, industry standards, legal opinions, audit reports, public service platform query results, and source media information in network infringement proof. Establish a linkage and coordination mechanism with the functional management departments of enterprises, analyze and judge important issues and major clues, make overall plans, form a joint effort, and create favorable conditions for rapid verification and timely disposal.

(sixteen) to strengthen the reporting policy guidance.Take the initiative to serve first, and actively find ways and solve problems for enterprises. Strengthen investigation and study, find out the situation of network infringement encountered by local enterprises, and make sure that the situation is clear and the base is clear. Publicize the reporting policy, strengthen training and guidance, and do a good job of "sending policies to enterprises". Establish communication and docking channels with key enterprises in the territory, regularly understand the demands of enterprises for rights protection, conduct "one-on-one" directional counseling for those with reasonable demands for rights protection, analyze reporting methods, build reporting channels, and strengthen service guarantee; If the demand for rights protection is unreasonable, actively do a good job in explaining it.

(seventeen) strictly regulate the reporting behavior of enterprises.Effectively improve the ability of audit and judgment, accurately grasp the connotation of public opinion supervision and the standard of network infringement, and correctly treat the important role of online public opinion supervision in improving corporate governance and improving the production and operation mechanism of enterprises. In accordance with the principle of "complying with laws and regulations, effectively guiding and standardizing channels", properly handle the reports of rights and interests disputes involving labor, contracts, equity, property rights, debts and consumption according to law. Set the reporting conditions reasonably, standardize the reporting behavior of enterprises, and prevent the abuse of reporting rights and disrupt the reporting work order.

V. Compacting the main responsibility of the website platform

(eighteen) strict supervision and inspection.Adhere to the combination of comprehensive inspection and key inspection, comprehensively inspect the reporting of network infringement information on the local website platform, and focus on the reporting of explicit network infringement information that the website platform fails to timely handle feedback in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Establish a problem account, pay close attention to the implementation of rectification, and strengthen disciplinary punishment for website platforms with weak main responsibility and frequent network infringement problems.

(nineteen) set up a complaint window.Explore the establishment of an online complaint acceptance window for netizens, and promptly handle complaints from netizens about the untimely handling of online infringement information by local website platforms and the inadequate work of safeguarding netizens’ legitimate rights and interests. Standardize complaint handling procedures, improve complaint handling measures, and publish complaint handling methods. Establish a complaint handling inquiry system to improve the quality and efficiency of complaint handling. Improve the evaluation system of network infringement information reporting on the website platform, introduce mass evaluation parameters and indicators, and carry out mass satisfaction evaluation.

(20) Promote information disclosure.Guide the local key website platforms to establish a notification mechanism for the acceptance and disposal of normalized network infringement information reports. Use all-media methods, publish in a prominent position, and deeply analyze community rules such as acceptance process, judgment criteria, and processing time limit to guide netizens to report accurately and effectively. Publish the number, measures and typical cases of reporting and handling network infringement information, and accept public supervision. Publicly report the disposal of hot infringement incidents and respond to the concerns of netizens.

(twenty-one) to improve the disposal effect.Guide the website platform to improve the measures for reporting and handling classified network infringement information. Establish a fast-track mechanism to accept and deal with explicit network infringement and report with clear facts and sufficient evidence at the first time. Establish a "time-limited private" mechanism, and take "private" measures for infringing information with strong timeliness and long proof time, which may have a greater negative impact on informants, so as to block the sharing and dissemination of relevant information in time and provide a time window for informants to complete proof. Establish a "dispute label" mechanism, and take measures such as setting up "content doubt labels" or "linking parties’ response statements" for infringing information that has not been fully confirmed, so as to guide netizens to objectively judge and prevent infringing information from misleading public opinion.

VI. Organizing implementation

(twenty-two) to strengthen organizational leadership.Improve the political position, fully understand the significance of doing a good job in reporting network infringement information, and regard the reporting of network infringement information as the key task of network management, and pay close attention to it constantly. It is necessary to carefully plan and deploy, formulate work plans, clarify objectives and tasks, and refine work measures. It is necessary to seriously organize the implementation, compact the responsibilities of all parties, and make solid and orderly progress to ensure effective results.

(twenty-three) focus on demonstration and guidance.Adhere to the combination of comprehensive deployment and pilot-driven, carry out pilot demonstration work around key tasks and key initiatives, encourage innovation in ideas, initiatives and mechanisms, sum up and promote excellent practices and typical experiences in a timely manner, and actively cultivate and form a number of brands that meet the characteristics of the times and are close to the needs of the masses.

(twenty-four) to strengthen team building.Fully equipped with strong work force, strengthen ideological tempering, enhance the sense of purpose, and cultivate the spirit of serving the people. Strengthen practical training and business training, improve legal literacy and media literacy, enhance the skills and ability to serve the people, and strive to build a high-quality professional work team with fine business, strong ability, discipline and clear bottom line.

(twenty-five) to strengthen publicity.Strengthen online publicity, continue to carry out thematic publicity, effectiveness publicity and typical publicity, and present the work of reporting online infringement information in a three-dimensional way through various means such as audio, video and graphics. Strengthen offline promotion, organize the publicity of network infringement information reporting into grassroots, communities, schools and enterprises, and continuously expand the public awareness and social participation of network infringement information reporting.

Central Network Security and InformatizationCommittee office

August 31, 2023

　　Xinhua News:Challenges once weighed on the shoulders of Olympic organizers. However, with two days to go before the closing ceremony, it is clear that they have succeeded in their big bet: showing the beautiful images of Beijing and China. Everything started perfectly. The whole world was suddenly fascinated by the performance of the opening ceremony. After two years of preparation, Zhang Yimou showed the world the ingenious combination of ancient China culture and group gymnastics.

On August 24th, the 29th Summer Olympic Games closed in Beijing. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Ziheng photo

　　Show the beautiful image of China

　　On August 22nd, the French newspaper Tribune published an article entitled "Olympic Games: China’s Charm Success".

　　The article said that all kinds of TV broadcasts kept broadcasting this image of Beijing, which was unknown to the West, for two weeks. Television viewers can see the high-rise buildings, amazing sports venues, perfect organizational arrangements and flexible postponement of the game time because of bad weather.

　　The government’s measures aimed at controlling pollution have achieved good results. The temperature is tolerable, and the sky is blue for more than half of the competition days: such summer weather conditions have been seen in the memory of Beijingers.

　　The traffic is smoother than usual, and public transportation provides convenient conditions for the audience to reach the competition venue.

　　Apart from the audience, the athletes are the most closely related to the Olympic Games. Most of them admit that they are very happy to compete in such venues. The impact of hosting this Olympic Games on Beijing has not been particularly manifested in the economic aspect.

　　Beijing will indeed attract more tourists in the future. In recent years, it has become one of the most international fashion destinations.

　　On August 24th, the Beijing Olympic Games closed, and athletes from all over the world left the most beautiful smiling faces in the live TV footage of the closing ceremony, sincerely wishing the Olympic Games a perfect curtain call. International Olympic Committee President Rogge smiled and gave a thumbs-up sign. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Yanhui was photographed on TV.

　　The organization is perfect.

　　According to the BBC website reported on August 22nd, there is no doubt that the Beijing Olympic Games made the China government recognized globally.

　　Usain Bolt, the 100-meter flying man, broke the world record one after another, and swimmer Phelps won eight Olympic gold medals. Their performance was unforgettable.

　　There has been no major doping scandal, which helps people to focus their attention on the stadium instead of the disgraceful aspects of the Olympic Games.

　　But the Beijing Olympic Games has also been a success in organization. The venue construction was completed on time, and the Olympic Games went smoothly from the first day of opening.

　　The International Olympic Committee rarely has to contact the organizers in Beijing to eliminate the problems, and has declared this Olympic Games a success.

　　Even the air pollution in Beijing has disappeared most of the time. The city enjoyed the freshest August in 10 years, which was largely attributed to the emergency measures to reduce pollution.

　　Fredericks, a member of the International Olympic Committee and a former sprinter, said that he hoped to compete in Beijing. He said, "I wish I were still running. The facilities here are amazing. "

　　On August 15th, there were blue sky and white clouds over Tiananmen Square, and large clouds danced like "Phoenix", which attracted a large number of Chinese and foreign tourists. Xinhua news agency

　　The air quality is completely up to standard.

　　According to a report by RIA Novosti on the 22nd, the organizers of the Beijing Olympic Games have successfully fulfilled their promise to present Beijing’s "blue sky" to the world, and enabled athletes and VIPs to breathe fresh air.

　　The air in Beijing has always been criticized by people, but during the whole Olympic Games, the air quality in Beijing was completely up to standard, and there was no such thing as athletes complaining about the air quality as many people feared.

　　This was possible because the organizers had taken many measures before and the seasons changed naturally. The day before the opening ceremony happened to be the "beginning of autumn" in China. Athletes who had been frightened by media reports on Beijing’s air quality said that breathing in Beijing was completely normal.

　　Russian athlete Zvonareva, who won the bronze medal in women’s tennis at the Beijing Olympic Games, believes that despite the hot weather, there is no problem with breathing and the air is completely normal. After winning, she told reporters: "Everything is very good."

　　Lebedeva, a silver medalist in women’s triple jump, totally agrees with her. She said: "The air is normal. We were worried about the heat, but it’s not hot at all. It’s very comfortable here.

　　Andrei Slinov, the champion of men’s high jump in Beijing Olympic Games, said in an interview that Beijing is a very beautiful city, and Beijing has changed greatly in recent years. Compared with Beijing before, it is particularly surprising that such great changes have taken place in such a short time. He said that he personally had a feeling that as long as Chinese wanted to do it, he would certainly be able to do it!

　　Slinov also said that in this Olympic Games, China’s athletes performed particularly well, while the number of medals in Russia dropped a little compared with the last one, which was due to various reasons. The Russian team will sum up experience and correct mistakes, hoping for better results in the future. (Editor: Liu Ruichang)

　　On August 22nd, a volunteer served the tourists in the Olympic Park. During the Olympic Games, the warm and thoughtful service of Olympic volunteers in Beijing Olympic Park and stadium won wide praise from Chinese and foreign tourists. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Wang Wen)

Editor: Meng Xu

The organs and body systems of infants and young children are still in the development stage. Long-term intake of preservatives may affect the growth and development of children and induce gastrointestinal diseases. However, in recent years, cases of preservatives endangering the health of infants and young children have occurred frequently, and topics such as "infants stay away from preservatives" have attracted much attention.

Experts remind that China stipulates that it is strictly forbidden to add any preservatives to infant formula, so parents must choose products without preservatives when buying milk powder and nutrition for infants.

Graphic has nothing to do with it.

intakesorbic acid potassium saltpreservative twentyNinety percent of children are allergic.

How much harm does preservative do to infants? According to the research of the European Food Safety Agency, among 20 children who ate mayonnaise sauce containing potassium sorbate (0.11%), 18 children developed perioral urticaria, which was thought to be caused by contact dermatitis caused by sorbic acid in oral mucosa.

Another report about allergies caused by sorbic acid and salt shows that in an experiment involving 90 participants, 20% of the participants had allergic reactions when they ingested sorbic acid at a low dose (0.1%); In the middle dose (1%), 62% participants had allergic reaction; At high dose (5%), 65% participants had allergic reaction.

In addition, The Lancet and other journals have also published research results on the correlation between sodium benzoate and ADHD in children. Experiments have proved that the intake of food containing such preservatives may induce or aggravate ADHD in children. In addition to ADHD, preservatives and other additives added illegally may also increase the risk of obesity, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and even tumors in children.

Graphic has nothing to do with it.

It is reported that benzoic acid and its salts, sorbic acid and its salts are preservatives widely used in food and beverages. For infants, preservatives are more likely to hurt them. Because the intestinal flora of infants can not be completely established until they are 3 years old, preservatives will damage the intestinal flora of infants and cause intestinal flora disorder, and the intestine is the largest immune system of human body, which will affect the immune barrier function of infants and young children.

Studies have shown that benzoic acid and its salts may cause allergies in infants, lead to symptoms such as eczema and asthma, and cause problems such as decreased immunity. Some parents find that their babies are prone to allergies, and they often repeat them. The illegal addition of preservatives in food intake may be one of the incentives.

Preservatives are harmful to the health of infants and young children, so we must stay away from them.

It is precisely for the protection of special people that China’s national food safety standards related to infants and young children stipulate that it is strictly forbidden to add any preservatives, including sorbic acid and benzoic acid, to infant formula food, supplementary food and nutritional supplements of 6 months to 5 years old. For children of a higher age, on May 17th, 2020, the first domestic standard of "children’s snacks"-"General Requirements for Children’s Snacks" also called on children’s snacks not to use preservatives.

So how should parents buy baby food? How to avoid giving your baby nutrients containing preservatives?

Experts remind that under the principle of "infants can’t ingest preservatives", no matter whether it is infant food or nutrition, they should choose not to add preservatives.

"Special attention should be paid to infant nutrition in large bottles, because large bottles need to be opened repeatedly and are easy to rot, so preservatives are basically added. When parents choose milk powder and nutritional products for developing infants, they must carefully confirm that they should choose preservatives-free. "

Although China and the European Union strictly prohibit the addition of preservatives to infant food, the "zero addition" is not a "global unified standard". Parents should pay more attention to the "Haitao" and carefully check the ingredient list to ensure that it does not contain preservatives. Experts also called on relevant departments to strengthen supervision and severely punish the illegal use of preservatives. Enterprises consciously ensure food safety from the source of production, so that children can eat with confidence and parents can buy with confidence.

Written by Southern Reporter Yang Liyun

Source | Xinhua International

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Map of the spread of the Black Death

While human beings improve their own destiny, they also increase their weakness in the face of diseases. We should realize that the strength of human beings is limited, and we should bear in mind that the more we win, the more we push infectious diseases to the edge of human experience, and the more we clear the way for catastrophic infectious diseases. We can never escape the limitations of the ecosystem. Whether we are happy or not, we are all in the food chain, eating and being eaten.

-william mcneill

William Hardy McNeill

Ten worst plagues in human history.

Athens plague

(430 BC–427 BC)

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From 430 BC to 427 BC, there was a great plague in Athens, nearly half of the population died and the whole Athens was almost destroyed. Some experts believe that this epidemic is the plague. The plague in Athens was a devastating infectious disease, which attacked the whole city of ancient Greece and Rome.

The Greek historian Thucydides described the plague that destroyed Athens in this way. "People who are strong and healthy are suddenly attacked by a severe high fever, their eyes are red as if they are spraying flames, and their throats or tongues begin to be congested and emit unnatural stench. With vomiting and diarrhea, they are suffering from terrible thirst. At this time, the patients’ body pain and inflammation turn into ulcers, and they cannot sleep or endure the touch of the bed. Some patients wander naked in the street, looking for water to drink until they fall to the ground and die.

Even dogs died of this disease, crows and vultures that ate human bodies lying everywhere died, and those who survived either lost their fingers, toes and eyes or lost their memories. "

"Antony plague" in ancient Rome

(AD 164-180)

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The "Antony plague" in ancient Rome was caused by infection. According to historical records, the symptoms of this infectious disease are: severe diarrhea, vomiting, sore throat, ulceration, high fever and hot hands, gangrene or gangrene, unbearable thirst, and purulent skin.

Soldiers who fought in the Near East returned to the Roman Empire, bringing smallpox and measles to the people of Anthony. Infectious diseases killed two Roman emperors. The first one was Lucius Verus, who died of illness in 169, and the second one was his successor, Kyle Aurelius Antoninus, who was an emperor until 180 AD, but was also doomed by infection.

The plague broke out again nine years later. According to Dioka, a Roman historian, at that time, 2,000 people died of illness in Rome one day, equivalent to a quarter of the infected people. It is estimated that the total death toll is as high as 5 million. In some places, the plague killed one third of the total population, greatly weakening the Roman army.

The plague also had a great influence on the society and politics of the Roman Empire, especially on the field of literature and art. In the picture below, the remains in the pit are the bones of the victims of infectious diseases, which is shocking.

At that time, it was in the second year of the Peloponnesian War, just as the victory of Athens was within reach. It is said that plague was introduced into Athens from Piraeus, a port city of Athens and a major source of food and daily necessities. Sparta and some parts of the eastern Mediterranean were also attacked by diseases.

This plague was revived twice in the winter of 429 BC and 427 BC. Modern historians disagree that plague was the reason why Athens lost in the Peloponnesian War. However, it is generally believed that the defeat of the war paved the way for Macedonia’s victory, and finally, the Roman Empire was established. According to historical records, the plague broke out in various forms, including typhoid fever, smallpox, measles, and toxic shock syndrome.

Justinian plague

（541-542）

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Justinian plague refers to the first large-scale plague that broke out in the Mediterranean world from 541 to 542 AD. It caused extremely serious losses and deep damage to the Byzantine Empire. Its extremely high mortality rate caused the population of the Byzantine Empire to drop significantly, the labor force and troops to drop sharply, and the normal life order was seriously damaged. It also had far-reaching social negative consequences, and had a far-reaching impact on the historical development of the Byzantine Empire, the Mediterranean and Europe.

After the 4th century A.D., the once-prosperous Roman Empire gradually split into two parts: East and West. The emperors of the Byzantine Empire, which is far from the east, have always regarded themselves as the orthodox heirs of the Roman Empire, so they have been trying to recover lost ground, reunify the Roman Empire and reproduce the glory of the past. By the 6th century, Justinian, the emperor of Byzantine Empire, decided to take action to realize this dream. Thus, Justinian launched a conquest war against the western Mediterranean world in 533 AD. However, just as he swept across North Africa and conquered Italy, and was about to reappear the glory of the Roman Empire, an unprecedented plague came unexpectedly, which made the dream of rejuvenating the Eastern Roman Empire come to nothing. In 541 AD, the plague began to break out in Egypt, a territory of the Eastern Roman Empire, and then quickly spread to the capital Constantinople and other areas.

At that time, there were many strange and horrible scenes: when people were talking to each other, they couldn’t start shaking and then fell to the ground; When people are shopping, standing there talking or counting change, death will come unexpectedly. The poor people who slept on the street were the first to be infected with the plague. At the worst of the plague, 5,000 to 7,000 people died in one day, even tens of thousands of people died unfortunately.

In extreme fear, officials had to report to Justinian that the death toll soon exceeded 230,000, and there were no enough burial places. The bodies had to be piled up in the street, and the whole city smelled of corpses. Justinian himself was almost infected with the plague. In fear, he ordered the construction of many huge tombs that could bury tens of thousands of bodies, and recruited workers to dig holes to bury the dead with heavy money to stop the further spread of the plague. As a result, a large number of bodies, men and women, young and old, covered nearly 100 layers and were buried together. Plague killed 40% of the residents in Constantinople. It continued to ravage for half a century until a quarter of the Roman population died of plague. The famine and civil strife caused by the plague completely shattered Justinian’s ambition, and also weakened the Eastern Roman Empire to the point of collapse.

black death

（1347 – 1351）

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The Black Death is one of the deadliest plagues in human history. It is generally believed that it is caused by a bacterium called plague. But recently, some people think it is caused by other diseases. The origin of plague has caused widespread controversy among experts. Some historians believe that the Black Death began in China or Central Asia in the 1420s and 1930s. In the following years, it was carried by businessmen and soldiers to Crimea in southern Russia. In the 1440s, the epidemic spread from Crimea to Western Europe and North Africa. The Black Death caused 75 million deaths worldwide, including 25 million to 50 million deaths in Europe.

A symptom of the Black Death is that there are many black spots on the patient’s skin, so this special plague is called "Black Death". For those infected with the disease, painful death is almost inevitable, and there is no possibility of cure.

The pathogen that caused the plague was carried by fleas hidden in the fur of black mice. In the 14th century, there were many black mice. Once the disease occurs, it will spread rapidly. Between 1348 and 1350, a total of 25 million Europeans died of the Black Death. However, the epidemic did not stop there. In the next 40 years, it happened again and again.

Before the plague bacteria broke out again in the 1420s, it had been lurking in the Gobi desert of Asia for hundreds of years, and then it quickly spread around with the blood in fleas on rats, from China to Central Asia and Turkey along the caravan trade route, and then it was taken to Italy and entered Europe by ship. The dense population in Europe has become the gunpowder barrel of this disease. In three years, the Black Death ravaged the whole European continent and then spread to Russia, resulting in the death of nearly one third to half of the Russian population.

American plague

(16th century)

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Before the arrival of Europeans, there were 4 million to 5 million aborigines living in America, most of whom died in the 16th century, and some historians even called it "the biggest genocide in human history". However, the most direct killer who took the lives of Indians was not the guns of Europeans, but the plague they brought.

When Columbus arrived in the New World, Europeans had already experienced the catastrophe of fatal infectious diseases for many times, and also found ways to treat some infectious diseases. However, America was isolated from Eurasia for a long time before, and Indians were almost completely isolated from these diseases. European diseases began to spread to the New World after Columbus’s first trip to America. Mumps, measles, smallpox, cholera, gonorrhea and yellow fever, which have long been adapted by Europeans, are extremely lethal to Indians because their immune systems are almost immune, especially measles and smallpox. Therefore, even though the Aztecs and other Central American aborigines had walls that Europeans could not break, they were defeated by foreign plagues.

The plague destroyed the Aztec. In 1521, when the army of Mexican colonists began to besiege the fortress of Aztecs, the Mexican aborigines, they met with stubborn resistance and the attacks were repelled again and again. The Spanish, who were badly hit, thought that the Aztecs would take the opportunity to launch a deadly counterattack, but the troops in the castle were slow to see any action. This gave the Spaniards time to breathe. On August 21st, they launched a new offensive, but they did not encounter any resistance. The situation in the castle made them unbelievable: dead bodies were everywhere, and the smell of rotting bodies was everywhere. A force more deadly than the Spanish army had swept through the city, that is, the plague.

Some people once thought that it was backward weapons and technology that made American Indians lose to western colonists. Because in the traditional concept, the advanced weapons of Europeans have always been the key to their victory, but the western muskets at that time were not advanced. Indians soon found that although muskets were powerful, it was not easy to aim at them, and their fear of new weapons disappeared. And the long-range power of Indian bows and arrows is not inferior. In the 15th century, Inca culture in Latin America reached its peak. They built fields, had a clear social division of labor, and created a prosperous economy. Their knowledge of astronomy and geography was enough to amaze modern people. However, such a plague has made such a not backward race on the verge of extinction in just a few decades.

In fact, the spread of infectious diseases in Europe completely exceeded the speed of colonists’ advance to the American continent, and most Indians who learned of the arrival of Europeans from coastal residents were also infected with new diseases. Therefore, when the colonists arrived in Chile in the 1520s, the Inca civilization here had already been hit hard by smallpox, and almost all the royal families were killed by the plague. The new battle for the throne split the whole country in two, which gave the Spaniards an opportunity.

Resistance to disease was also the reason why the plague prevailed at that time. Infectious diseases are mostly mutated from animals, first transmitted to people, and then spread among human groups. Because Europe has a long history of agriculture and a large number of livestock, frequent contact with germs has formed adaptability for thousands of years; Indians, on the other hand, are not. The underdevelopment of agriculture makes them congenital lack of experience in contact with livestock. Their bodies rarely encounter such germs, so they have no immunity at all, so they are defeated in front of smallpox. Africans, on the other hand, have similar immune systems and resistance because of their earlier contact with Europeans. And the spread of disease can also be two-way. At that time, the only disease that was introduced into Europe from America was syphilis, which claimed the lives of a large number of Europeans.

Milan plague

（1629–1631）

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From 1629 to 1631, a series of plagues broke out in Italy, usually called the Milan Plague. Including rumba and Venice, the plague killed about 280 thousand people. The Great Plague in Milan is the last great plague among all epidemic plagues after the Black Death began.

In 1629, German and French soldiers brought infectious diseases to mantua. During the Thirty Years’ War, the Venetian army was infected with the disease. When they retreated to north-central Italy, they spread the disease to the local people. At that time, the total population of Milan was 130 thousand, and the number of people who died of illness in this plague was as high as 60 thousand.

Great plague in London

（1665-1666）

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The Great Plague in London refers to a large-scale plague that occurred in England from 1665 to 1666. In this plague, 75,000 to 100,000 people died, more than one-fifth of the total population of London at that time. It was historically identified as a large-scale black death caused by bubonic plague, and Yersinia pestis was infected by people through fleas. This infectious disease was the last large-scale outbreak of bubonic plague in England in 1665.

There are two theories about the source of the plague. One is from France. In April 1665, two French sailors fainted at the intersection of Trulli Street and Longacre in West End of London. Later, the virus they carried caused widespread infection. Another way of saying this is that the plague virus comes from the Netherlands, where the disease has spread since 1599. The first area hit by the plague was St Gilles parish in London. In the winter from the end of 1664 to the beginning of 1665, there were already cases there, but it was not until the spring of 1665 that the disease spread rapidly on a large scale due to the massive increase of population and the sharp deterioration of sanitary conditions. By July 1665, the plague had spread all over London. At that time, King Charles II and his family were forced to leave London for Oxfordshire, but the mayor and counselor were still sticking to their posts. And some clergy, doctors and pharmacists have been busy all summer. The streets are full of doctors in charge of plague, although many of them are unlicensed.

Because the plague spread very quickly, people had to seal off the houses where the sick people lived, and paint the Red Cross outside the closed door with the words "God bless" written on it. No one was allowed to enter or leave. Only at a limited time every day, food and water are sent through the window by special personnel. Thousands of patients died miserably under such bad conditions, and at most, no fewer than ten thousand people died in a week. By early September, the bustling city of London had completely turned into a silent dead city. All the shops are closed, there are almost no pedestrians in the street, and the roadside is covered with lush weeds. The only job in the city that can break the silence from time to time is to transport the bodies. Every night, the corpse truck "Gollum, Gollum!" The sound of wheels and the mournful ringing of cars made people feel creepy. At first, the burial work was only carried out in the middle of the night. Later, the number of the dead was too large, and it had to be carried out day and night. The bodies of the deceased were littered with corpse trucks and transported to burial pits everywhere. There, the workers in charge of burying bodies often cover their faces, ring bells and say, "rest in peace!" " Pour the body into the pit in a hurry, cover it with thin soil and leave in a hurry.

Records show that the number of deaths in London has been rising from 1,000 to 2,000 per week, and by September 1665, there were 7,000 deaths per week on average. By late autumn, the situation had been controlled to a certain extent. By February 1666, the city was considered safe enough to welcome the king. At the same time, due to the commercial exchanges with the European continent, the plague spread to France. After that, until September 1666, the plague was still moderately prevalent. On September 2 and 3, a fire broke out in the city of London, which destroyed most of the infected houses, which was the beginning of the improvement of the situation. Another possible reason is that most of the infected people have died. Since then, the city of London has been rebuilt on the basis of the fire, and it has been reborn after this plague.

the great plague of marseille

（1720 – 1722）

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In 1720, Marseille was hit by a plague, which was the worst disaster in the city’s history and one of the worst plagues in Europe in the early 18th century.

In 1720, a plague broke out in Marseille, France, affecting the whole city and surrounding cities, killing 100 thousand people. The plague came and went quickly, and Marseille quickly recovered from it. It took only a few short years for the economy to recover and develop rapidly, and trade expanded to the West Indies and Latin America. By 1765, the population growth had returned to the level before 1720. This plague is not as destructive as the Black Death in the 14th century.

The rapid end of this plague is not unrelated to the tough measures taken by the French government. The government stipulates that if Marseille citizens have any contact or communication with people in Provence and other places, they will be sentenced to death. In order to strengthen the isolation, the plague wall was also established.

Black Death in Moscow

(1771)

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The first signs of plague in Moscow were at the end of 1770, and it became an epidemic plague in the spring of 1771.

At that time, the government took a series of measures, such as setting up isolation zones, destroying polluted property and closing public baths. The great plague caused great panic and anger among the citizens. The economy of the whole city is paralyzed, mainly because many factories, markets, shops and administrative buildings have been closed. Then there is a serious shortage of food, which has caused the living standards of most Moscow people to become lower and lower. In order to escape the plague, the aristocracy and rich people left Moscow one after another.

On the morning of September 17, 1771, about 1000 people gathered at the entrance of Spasskiye again, demanding the release of captured anti-government militants and the elimination of isolation. The army tried to disperse the crowd, but it couldn’t. In the end, it could only suppress the riot again. About 300 people were imprisoned. On September 26th, a government official under Carracin orlov was sent to Moscow to restore social order.

In order to alleviate the impact of the plague, the government took some measures, such as providing jobs for citizens and distributing food to them, which finally calmed the dissatisfaction of Moscow people.

The third plague pandemic

（1885-1950s）

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The third plague pandemic refers to a major plague that began in Yunnan, China Province in 1855. This worldwide pandemic is famous for its rapid spread and wider spread than the previous two. The plague spread to all inhabited continents. After it first spread from Yunnan to Guizhou, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Fuzhou and Xiamen, the death toll in these places reached more than 100,000. The plague in southern China also spread rapidly to India, to San Francisco in 1900, to Europe and Africa, and to more than 60 countries in 77 ports in 10 years. In India and China alone, more than 12 million people died of this plague. According to the World Health Organization, the parade lasted until 1959, when the number of people who died of plague in the world was reduced to about 200. The characteristic of this epidemic is that the epidemic areas are mostly distributed in coastal cities and densely populated residential areas nearby, and there are also epidemics among domestic animals.

Almost all Chinese and foreign scholars agree that the third world plague pandemic originated in Yunnan, and that Yunnan is an ancient focus of rodent plague, but they all assert that there is no natural focus of plague in Yunnan, and that the plague in Yunnan is imported. That is, it was introduced directly or from India and Myanmar. However, in 1974, plague workers in Yunnan isolated Yersinia pestis from Apodemus sinensis in Jianchuan County, Yunnan Province, which confirmed that there was a natural plague focus in western Yunnan, and scholars called it the Chiese plague focus of the longitudinal valley miletus in western Yunnan, which provided further scientific basis for the third plague pandemic.

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Original title: "Ten worst plagues in human history"

Original title:Present ice and snow sports to pay tribute to sportsmanship

　 　 　 　 　 　 　— — On the Transcendence of TV Series Transcendence

The picture shows the stills of the TV series "Beyond". Information picture

Core reading

The TV series "Beyond" is the first TV series with the theme of short track speed skating history in China, which shows the development of winter sports in China in a novel way.

Beyond transcends the rigid separation of two generations or even three generations used by many industry dramas in the past, but emphasizes unity of mind and common direction, which is particularly commendable.

The TV series "Beyond" with the theme of Winter Olympics is being broadcast in a set of prime files of CCTV. It is a tribute drama of China TV people to the Beijing Winter Olympics, an industry drama about the development history of China’s ice and snow sports, and an inspirational drama that inspires Chinese children to be healthy and far-reaching. It shows the development of winter sports in China in a novel way.

A History of "Transcendence" in Short Track Speed Skating

Development of Winter Sports in China

"Beyond" is the key project of the TV series with the theme of "Our New Era" of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. Based on the "North Ice Exhibition and South Ice Exhibition", the play tells the story of three generations of short track speed skaters fighting for the honor of their motherland. While focusing on the development of China’s short track speed skating, the play shows the features of the times with the rapid development of the country, and vividly interprets the Chinese sports spirit of winning glory for the country, selfless dedication, being scientific and realistic, abiding by the law, unity and cooperation, and tenacious struggle. On the eve of the opening of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the work is named "Beyond", which contains the call and confirmation of strength and strength.

At the beginning of Beyond, the photo of Wu Qinghong winning the national speed skating championship was fixed in 1982. At this time, it will be 20 years before China wins the first gold medal in the Winter Olympics. When "Beyond" was launched, it had been 20 years since China achieved a "zero breakthrough" in the history of the Winter Olympics. In the 40 years before and after this, from participating in the Winter Olympics, winning gold medals in the Winter Olympics to hosting the Winter Olympics, from the Winter Olympics with professional competition as the goal to the participation of the whole people in ice and snow fitness, from "when I hear skating and skiing, I think of children in the Northeast" to 346 million people stepping on the snow and entering a new era, China’s winter Olympics experience is refined in the story of Beyond.

Transcendence is the first TV series with the theme of short track speed skating history in China. It started with the establishment of Heilongjiang Short Track Speed Skating Team in 1989 and the recruitment of Qingdao Short Track Speed Skating Team in 2014. In the group images of two generations of coaches and two generations of athletes, the first generation of athletes was transformed into coaches as a link, and the ups and downs of three generations in short track and life experience were connected in series. Different from the previous industry dramas, which mostly used landmark events in the industry to structure the plot, the narrative focus and expressive focus of Beyond were not on the presentation of the victory or defeat of the short track speed skating project, but on the depiction of the spiritual world of the "short track speed skater". The "transcendence" that "transcendence" focuses on is not the transcendence of opponents, not the transcendence of timer scales, but the transcendence of self and the transcendence of inner limitations. This transcendence of inner limitations, such as Chen Jingye’s "giving way" to Zheng Kaixin when he was ahead of the trials, said, "I didn’t let you, I let my team and my motherland"; For example, Zheng Kaixin is willing to leave his hometown and teach Qingdao because it can give Hou Siyuan and Xu Duoduo a life that is no longer embarrassing. The decisive factor for Chen Mian’s final victory over Yan Xiujing was that she cut off her long hair and regained the freedom to slide happily. "The winner is strong, and the winner is strong", and "Beyond" focuses on self-victory, thus profoundly interpreting the Chinese sports spirit.

A youth inspirational drama

Transmission of struggle spirit of generations

Transcendence is an inspirational drama written for youth, not only for one generation, but for every generation. As a long-term story involving all ages, it does not adopt the narrative structure of successive generations of characters, that is, telling the story of one generation and then telling the story of the next generation. Instead, it "mixes" the stories of three generations of short track speed skaters and coaches in China with an intergenerational structure. Thus, the story of Heilongjiang short track speed skating team, which began in January 1989, and the story of Qingdao short track speed skating team, which began in July 2014, slowly unfolded and alternately presented in the form of counterpoint. The traditional narrative style of "two flowers blossom in one tree" is derived from the novel Beyond, which is a fresh style of "two clusters of flowers blossom in one tree" and "Although the heaven and the earth are different, spring happens together". As a result, Zheng Kaixin, a 17-year-old boy who was dragged into the Heilongjiang Short Track Speed Skating Team in 1989, and Chen Mian, a 16-year-old girl who tried to squeeze into the Qingdao Short Track Speed Skating Team in 2014, became "peers" and "surpassed" each other in time and space to interpret short stories, which complemented each other, achieved each other and set each other off.

The cross-narrative of intergenerational roles adopted in Transcendence is not only the "opening way" of the story of this drama, but also the purpose of highlighting the "youth community" in this drama. In Transcendence, Chen Jingye, Jiang Hong, Zheng Kaixin and Chen Mian, Bei Bei and Luo Zhujun are two generations, but their works do not deliberately exaggerate and describe the "generation difference", but spare no effort to highlight the "unity of mind". Chen Jingye’s "big brother" image is similar to Hou Siyuan’s "big sister" image, and Zheng Kaixin’s "relying on talents" expression is similar to Luo Zhujun’s "arrogant" expression. The slogan shouted by the 17-year-old Heilongjiang team is "Longjiang speed skating, win all the medals", and the 16-year-old Qingdao team responded with "Qingdao short track, who else". In the group of works about the history of intergenerational transfer, Beyond transcends the previous practice of using the post-80s and post-90s as the youth characters in many industry dramas to rigidly separate two generations or even three generations, but emphasizes the unity of mind and the same direction, which is particularly commendable. "Transcendence" overlaps the youth stories of two generations in the beginning, and merges the trajectories of two generations in the transition part, and merges the different works of the same work into the symphony that went to the Beijing Winter Olympics.

Transcendence, on the way, is also on the journey. (Author: Yedda Chiu, deputy director of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles Television Art Center)

People’s Daily (20th edition, January 20, 2022)

　　 Lionsgate Film invested and produced the magical action giant "Battle of God: Eye of Power", although it was released in mainland China on March 11th, but the good reputation released by the audience who watched the movie in advance has begun to spread rapidly. The film tells the story of a mortal thief, Baker, who helped Horus, the Egyptian god, to complete his revenge and counterattack to become a wise king. The film uses top-level special effects to create a magical space where human beings and animals coexist, and tells a story full of love, hate and hatred in a delicate and unique way.

　　On the eve of the film’s release, the reporter interviewed the five major creators of the film: Horus, the God of the Sky; Seth, the God of the Desert; Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, gerard butler and elodie yung, the actors of Hassall, the cleverest thief in the world; Baker, the actors of Saya, the first beauty of the Nile; and brenton thwaites and courtney eaton, to talk about the film’s creative story and mental journey in the filming process. It is worth mentioning that the film stars are all Hollywood heavyweights.

　　Nikolaj Coster-Waldau is a famous kingslayer in the world-famous American TV series Game of Thrones, and gerard butler is a Hollywood first-line male god. Courtney eaton, the "first beauty of the Nile", once appeared in the phenomenal work Mad Max: Fury Road, while brenton thwaites, who plays the mortal Baker, is the most popular fried chicken in Hollywood.

　　As the main creator said, this is a creative big-budget movie, telling a long and classic story about love and revenge. As a film, it is extraordinary.

　　The hero Baker-brenton thwaites.

　　"Love is the most powerful"

　　Reporter: This movie is obviously a big production, but what attracted you to make this movie?

　　Brenton thwaites: I think it’s mainly because the film is very creative. As an actor, we are just a small jigsaw puzzle. And I think we should take part in this movie with an open mind, because this movie is very creative, and many things are created by CGI. We now live in a world where we can print anything in 3D at will. Alex has a very special way to see the world, and I think this is a good opportunity to join him and see what I can do.

　　Reporter: There are many large-scale action scenes in this movie. What do you think is most worth the audience’s expectation?

　　Brenton thwaites: What I look forward to most is watching the fighting between gods, because I don’t have much chance to see these pictures. Those special effects were added later and taken by stuntmen. Are shocking and unique images. I think these pictures will be great. They reflect many creative ideas. These special pictures and body double’s movements are very different, and I think everyone will like them very much.

　　Reporter: Baker seems to have some conflicts with the gods.

　　Brenton thwaites: At the beginning of this movie, he didn’t like being controlled. He doesn’t like Horus as king. Baker felt that Horus was unworthy of being king, and he was abusing his power to become king. So Baker stole from God at the beginning of the movie to express his dissatisfaction with God. But he slowly changed his mind and helped the town restore peace.

　　Reporter: Do you feel lucky to have a love bridge?

　　Brenton thwaites: Yes, that attracted me to join this movie. This love scene is very good. Love is the most powerful. I used to have a teacher in college who said a lot of things. One of them is that if you can find two elements of sex and revenge in a script, they are the most powerful. I think there is more love than sex in this movie, which is also very different revenge.

　　Reporter: After participating in The Giver, it made you more fond of movies with myths, didn’t it?

　　Brenton thwaites: Yes, it’s attractive to me. I think I’ve got a good experience after filming now. The Giver is a good opportunity to present my emotional acting skills. I play a teenager who has never experienced feelings. If I want to play such a role, I need to empty myself to find a more humane side. This movie is almost the same as the last one, but the scene of this movie is more grand.

　　Reporter: Many actors, including Gerard Butler, rely on such commercial films to enter Hollywood. Are you going to do the same?

　　Brenton thwaites: No, my dream is to enter Hollywood through a dramatic film, a layered film, an action movie that I can go back to help me, science fiction, like fassbinder. You can say he is a good dramatic actor, but he also acted in X-Men and other great movies. I think I’m just beginning now, just like he was then. I’ve always wanted to try more types of movies, whether it’s horror action, love or drama. Moreover, my last two films, War of God and Pirates of the Caribbean, are both very interesting films, which also gave me the opportunity to participate in these surreal films.

　　Actress Saya-Courtney Eaton VS Actress Ailotti Yuan

　　In the movie, every character has their own adventure, which is unusual for an action movie.

　　Reporter: This movie is a big production, but what attracted you to make this movie?

　　Courtney: Before I knew what kind of film it was, what attracted me when I read the script was the love scenes in it and how they fit in with the plot.

　　Elotti: And I think the characters in it, whether Baker, Saya, Horus, Seth, Hassall or anyone else, each have their own unique adventures, and I think these factors are the excellent points of this script.

　　Courtney: This is very unusual for an action movie.

　　Elotti: Right, so I think it’s very distinctive. I think Alex has successfully created a spectacular sci-fi blockbuster and made the audience care about the characters in it.

　　Reporter: What did you feel when you were filming this movie, especially when you saw all the special effects?

　　Courtney: That’s completely beyond my imagination. I saw some special effects when I was filming. When I saw it, I was already surprised and said no, and then they told me that I didn’t see one percent of the film! So when I saw the whole movie, I couldn’t believe what I saw. It was amazing.

　　Elotti: I was very moved when I sat down to watch it, because I felt that I had entered this created world. At that time, I just wanted to spend two hours enjoying the world.

　　Reporter: There are many female roles in this era. What do you think?

　　Courtney: I think many people are surprised because the emphasis has always been on men, but I think girls can be awesome.

　　Elotti: I think more women are playing these roles now, because we love playing these roles. I like playing Hosor very much, and you also like playing Saya. Are very independent female characters.

　　"God of the Desert" Seth Gerard Butler VS "God of the Sky" Horus Nikolaj Coster-Waldau

　　The audience can be inspired by this film.

　　Reporter: This movie is a big production, but what attracted you to make this movie?

　　Nicola: It’s complicated for me. When I read this script, I think the story is crazy. I wonder how to make this movie. Can it really be made? Then I talked to the director, and he showed me some special effects pictures, and I started to get very excited, because I knew I could join them to make this very large film. This movie is not a prequel or a postquel, but a story of himself, which I think is very interesting.

　　Gerald: I think I’m making a very fresh and special movie. I can fully devote myself to making this film for everyone. More importantly, I think this script is very good because it has a deeper meaning in it, and my inspiration can be inspired during the journey of this movie.

　　Reporter: In the end, the battle between Seth and Horus was very fierce. Can you tell us a little about this battle?

　　Nicola: The final battle scene pyramid is at the end, on top of that obelisk. First of all, this is a very complicated scene because we have to shoot a lot of fighting scenes, and there are high and low ones in it, so everything is up and down. So it’s a complicated bridge and it’s obviously a dangerous bridge. But we have been preparing for it for a long time.

　　Gerald: We finally got the training for fighting ready. It was a big fighting scene. Then they took us to the scene and we found out that we had to fight on these stairs. These stairs are very big and very high. But sometimes our feet have to be there and our hands have to be there. Sometimes I squat down or my eyes will be rubbed blind. It was really my first day, and I was actually very angry, because I felt that if we continued like this, we would definitely get injured or lose an eye.

　　Nicola: He is the friendliest person in the movie. Until one day, because I never worked with him. 0, but he was like a child until that day, when he stood there, the spear in his hand was broken and nothing was right. Then he threw the spear directly and went down angrily. But when I found myself stuck on the steps, I had no choice but to continue the remake.

　　Gerald: Because I was so into the play, my character got mad there again. It will make me angrier when you find out that you made a mistake and are still on that step.

　　Nikola: Although I was really frustrated at that time, the picture was beautiful. That’s the most important thing.

　　Reporter: This movie has some shadow of Sparta 300 Warriors. That movie is your famous work. What do you think about fighting the king killer in Game of Thrones?

　　Gerald: Yes, that’s right. We are very harmonious. We both help each other, but there is also some competition. So this is Sparta 300 vs Game of Thrones, but it also takes the film to another level. I’m sure the audience would also like to see such a confrontation.

　　Nicola: The stuntmen did a good job. They asked us to make this job safer and simpler. (Editing/Tianci Xu)

Cctv newsAccording to WeChat official account, the State Post Bureau, recently, some express delivery companies have adjusted their terminal fees one after another. Responsible comrades of the Market Supervision Department of the State Post Bureau were interviewed on related issues.

1. Recently, major express delivery companies have increased their distribution fees. How do you evaluate this practice?

Recently, some express delivery companies have put forward plans to adjust and increase the terminal delivery fee one after another, which is supported and affirmed by the State Post Bureau. The terminal payment is directly related to the salary income of the courier brother, and directly related to the vital interests and legitimate rights and interests of the courier brother. In order to implement the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on caring for the courier brother, not long ago, the Ministry of Transport, the State Post Bureau and other seven departments jointly issued the "Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Safeguarding the Legal Rights and Interests of the Courier Group", which put forward policies and measures such as "urging enterprises to maintain a reasonable level of terminal fee distribution, ensuring basic expenses for terminal delivery, and ensuring the basic labor income of couriers".

Last week, the State Post Bureau gave administrative guidance to major express delivery companies, urging them to implement the spirit of the Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Safeguarding the Legal Rights and Interests of Express Delivery Groups. The guidance required enterprises to attach great importance to safeguarding the rights and interests of express delivery personnel, clarify responsibilities, formulate plans and refine measures; Moderately adjust the level of courier payment and gradually establish a reasonable payment mechanism; Cancel unreasonable fines, improve the assessment mechanism, and curb "escrow by penalty"; Ensure the production safety of couriers and carry out the "four noes" management action in the workplace; Resolutely rectify illegal charges in rural areas to meet the service needs of residents in rural areas; Maintain network security and stability, improve the joining system and improve the emergency handling mechanism; Improve the level of social insurance, sign labor contracts with employees according to law, and standardize the use of labor dispatch. Enterprises are required to conscientiously implement the main responsibility, immediately rectify the problems, highlight key points, act quickly, seize the opportunity to transform and upgrade, and ensure that the rights and interests of the courier group are guaranteed.

In the past two days, some express delivery companies have announced that they will raise the terminal payment fee, which is a concrete action to implement the relevant requirements of the Opinions of the seven departments on Doing a Good Job in Safeguarding the Legal Rights and Interests of Express Delivery Groups, and is a pragmatic measure to effectively guarantee the reasonable income level of express delivery brothers, which reflects the positive attitude of enterprises in safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of express delivery groups. The postal administration not only observes what it says, but also observes what it does. It is hoped that enterprises can implement the adjustment of distribution fees and really fall on the courier brother, so that the courier brother who works hard in the front line can really benefit. At the same time, enterprises should adopt more and better methods, establish a more reasonable profit distribution mechanism, and earnestly safeguard and consolidate the healthy development of the industry.

2. What is the significance of increasing the distribution fee for the protection of courier rights and interests, terminal stability and even the healthy development of the industry?

Express delivery industry is a labor-intensive industry, and courier is the foundation of express delivery industry. It is these courier brothers who run around every corner of cities and villages all year round, rain or shine, obscurity, hard work and hard work that ensure that our users can use convenient courier services, and that the scale of China’s courier business has been ranked first in the world for seven consecutive years. Recently, some express delivery companies have lowered their operating costs by lowering their terminal fees, which makes it difficult for express delivery brothers to reach a reasonable income level, resulting in a tight balance of express delivery networks. Appropriate adjustment and rational return of distribution fees are conducive to safeguarding the rights and interests of courier groups, maintaining industry stability and promoting healthy development.

First, it helps to maintain industry stability. The courier group has a strong work intensity and difficult working conditions. The courier brother is most concerned about the income problem. It is the most basic and key factor to safeguard the rights and interests of couriers to ensure a relatively stable income and achieve more work. If the income cannot be maintained at a reasonable level, it will be difficult for the team to be stable, let alone the stability of the express network, which will eventually damage the development foundation of the enterprise and affect the sustainable development of the industry. This fee adjustment will help to strengthen the confidence of couriers, stabilize the employment team and consolidate the stability of the industry. Second, it helps to promote the high-quality development of the industry. In recent years, the terminal payment has been declining year after year, which has affected the service quality and the normal benefit distribution mechanism. Through the moderate adjustment of the terminal fee, it is conducive to the courier to strengthen the confidence of the industry and share the development results. Protecting their legitimate rights and interests according to law will stimulate the enthusiasm of the majority of couriers for labor creation; It will also make them work more at ease and comfort, and enhance their sense of acquisition, happiness, security and belonging, thus injecting key and endogenous strong impetus into the high-quality development of the industry.

3. Will there be an increase in fines while increasing the distribution fees? What measures will the management department take?

In the past supervision practice, it is indeed seen that some express delivery companies have the problem of replacing management with internal fines. There are many fine items and unreasonable fines, which makes the courier brother bear a heavy unreasonable burden. Therefore, in the recent administrative guidance, we have focused on reducing the fines of couriers and curbing "escrow by penalty". The postal administration is firmly opposed to enterprises’ "increasing fees while increasing fines", and we will urge enterprises to take effective measures to rectify the internal custody behavior of fines.

First, urge enterprises to carefully sort out the internal assessment and fines, and reduce and adjust the fines that are unnecessary and unreasonable. It is necessary to curb the increase and decrease the stock and see the effect. The second is to guide enterprises to improve the assessment mechanism. At present, the courier brother reflects a relatively concentrated "one size fits all" fine for courier companies regardless of the situation. We will urge enterprises to improve the assessment mechanism, carefully verify and screen malicious complaints, and at the same time broaden the channels for couriers to appeal. The third is to establish a satisfaction survey team with couriers as the main body. Conduct regular surveys on their experience and satisfaction, and publicize the survey results. From the perspective of courier brother, analyze and evaluate the objective situation of the enterprise to protect the courier group, and promote enterprises to consciously correct the behavior of penalty escrow and maintain a reasonable level of fee distribution.

4. What other suggestions do you have for enterprises to protect the rights and interests of courier brothers?

The first is to establish a sense of responsibility. As the main body of courier employment, courier enterprises play an important role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of couriers. Enterprises must give full play to their initiative and enthusiasm, consciously fulfill their legal obligations and social responsibilities, and implement the relevant requirements of laws, regulations and policies. Only in this way can the strong kinetic energy of the healthy development of the industry be fully released. The second is to improve the distribution of benefits. At present, some express delivery companies still have the phenomenon of disconnection between headquarters and grassroots outlets, among which the benefit distribution mechanism is the core. It is necessary to establish a benefit distribution mechanism tilted to the grassroots level and transfer profits to the grassroots level; In the case of diluted profits, we should not only focus on transferring operating costs and competitive pressures to the grassroots, but also ensure the living space and development conditions of the grassroots. The express delivery industry is the whole network industry. Only when the younger brother is at ease and the outlets are stable can the sustainable development of the whole network be realized. The third is to optimize internal management. Enterprises should strengthen the management of branches and franchise outlets to prevent the problem of "unable to go down" and "untrue" good policies of headquarters; Strengthen the management of the payment mechanism to prevent problems such as interception and deduction at outlets; Strengthen the management of internal fines to prevent disguised fines, escrow with fines, and offset with fines; Strengthen the management of joining and contracting, and prevent problems such as joining and subcontracting at different levels. The fourth is to change the way of competition. To play an effective market role and establish a benign market competition order depends on the core competitiveness of enterprises. It is necessary to actively implement the projects of express delivery into the village, express delivery into the factory and express delivery to the sea.Create differentiated service capabilities and seek their own development space in the market. It is necessary to effectively change the extensive competition mode with price as the main means, implement differentiated services for different product types and service needs, distinguish between urban and rural areas, distinguish between timeliness and groups, and ensure the full choice of merchants and users, thus enhancing their own market competitiveness.

Local postal administrations will also comprehensively understand and evaluate the implementation of the Opinions of the seven departments on Doing a Good Job in Safeguarding the Legal Rights and Interests of Courier Groups through on-the-spot inspections and interviews, so as to ensure that all policies and measures are implemented to the letter.

　　On the evening of November 12, the new Lexus RX was officially launched in China. The new car, as a replacement model, not only has a significant change in shape compared to the current model, but also the entry-level model has been replaced with a new 2.0T engine. In addition, there are 3.5L V6 + motor-powered models for consumers to choose from. The price range of 8 models is 41.8-86 9,000 yuan.

　　Model Overview

　　The most intuitive impression of the new generation RX is its sharper shape and wider body. The length, width and height of the new car are 4890/1895/1689mm, and the wheelbase is 2789mm. Compared with the current new car, the length has increased by 120mm; the width has increased by 10mm; and the wheelbase has increased by 50mm. Therefore, the level of Lexus’s new RX has officially returned to the positioning of medium and large luxury SUVs. The height is slightly reduced, adding a flatter effect.

　　The new RX adopts a family-style spindle-shaped air intake grille design, and the new car’s headlights and LED daytime running lights are chic in shape, while having a strong brand identity. Like the NX, the new RX has two different styles of appearance design: the ordinary version and the F Sport version. The highlight on the side is the intersection of some lines of the C-pillar, which completely gets rid of the slightly mediocre style of the current car.

　　In the interior part, the Lexus RX also adopts a new design style, not as radical as the NX. The new style of steering wheel is more luxurious. The new car is equipped with a HUD head-up display system, the center console is equipped with a 12.3-inch display, and the rear passengers can also enjoy the fun of the 11.6-inch display. The addition of a panoramic sunroof also makes the RX closer to Chinese consumers.

　　In terms of configuration, the new car is equipped with standard LED far and near headlights, LED daytime running lights, headlight level adjustment, rain sensing wipers, automatic sunroof, 8-way electric adjustable front seats, cruise control, one-button start, ion generator, reversing image, 8-inch LCD screen, automatic engine start and stop and other practical configurations, which have greatly improved its competitiveness. In addition, the new car is also equipped with 10 airbags, uphill assistance, stability control programs and other safety equipment.

　　At the same time, the new generation of RX will be equipped with Lexus’ new generation of active safety technology, Safety System +, which includes an active impact prevention system, lane departure warning system, and multi-set LED automatic adjustment headlights. The detection camera is upgraded to a millimeter-level radar, which can achieve better protection performance. The safety package has also appeared on models such as ES.

　　In terms of power, the RX200t is equipped with a 2.0T turbocharged engine, with a maximum power of 173kW (235PS) and a peak torque of 350Nm; the RX350 is equipped with a 3.5L V6 naturally aspirated direct injection engine codenamed 2GR-FKS, with a maximum power optimized to 220kW (300PS) and a peak torque of 362Nm. Compared with the current model, there is a slight improvement. The newly matched 8-speed automatic transmission is a highlight, but the RX350 will not be introduced into China for the time being; the RX450h is equipped with a combination of a 3.5L V6 Atkins engine and an electric motor, and the system has a combined maximum power of 230kW (313PS) and a peak torque of 335Nm.

　　competitor analysis

　　"Misplaced competition" is the wisdom of Lexus for many years. Whether it is the Lexus NX or the recently launched ES, it is difficult to find a model that can be called a competitor. Of course, the same is true for the Lexus RX this time. In addition to the MKX, the domestic opponent it faces is naturally also facing the pincer attack of BBA medium-sized SUVs and medium-sized SUVs. BMW X5/X3, Mercedes-Benz GLE/GLC, and Audi Q7/Q5 are all strong competitors. And from its positioning, the Q7/X5/GLE will become its most direct competitor.

　　From the price point of view, the official guide price of Audi Q7 is: 82.80-123 9,800; the official guide price of Mercedes-Benz GLE is: 77.80-105 8,000; the official guide price of BMW X5 is: 75.80-177 3,000. The price range of Lexus 41.8-86 9,000 yuan is undoubtedly more competitive, and its entry-level model price is only half of the three BBA models, which is very attractive.

　　From the power point of view, the Audi Q7 and Mercedes-Benz GLE only offer 3.0T power options, while the BMW X5 offers 2.0T/3.0T/4.0T options. Although the 2.0T engine on the RX looks much smaller than the opponent’s displacement, it is not too bad from the data point of view. Although it is not a problem to deal with the extra weight of the RX, power is still the weakness of the new RX. However, the RX also has a unique killer of the Lexus family: the hybrid model. The 3.5L V6 + electric motor-powered model it is equipped with will be a clear dislocation competition. Compared with the BBA, Lexus’s hybrid technology is more mature and more widely used.

　　Summarize:

　　Although the misplaced Lexus RX is positioned as a medium and large SUV, its overall size does not have an advantage in the same level of models. However, its size and price can indeed provide a new car purchase feasibility for some consumers who are tired of BBA. After all, when it comes to medium and large SUVs of Japanese luxury brands, there is almost no one who can compete with BBA. In addition, with its outstanding price advantage, high cost performance and the maturity of hybrid models, I believe that there is still a foothold for RX in the medium and large SUV market, not to mention grabbing the BBA market, but at least there is no problem in taking a share of the market. As for the later marketing skills, Lexus really needs to work harder.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 17　Title: Stringent compliance supervision, there are still many potential safety hazards – online car-hailing market safety survey

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Gong Wen, Zhao Wenjun, Wang Chenyang

　　The frequent occurrence of safety accidents has pushed online car-hailing to the forefront of public opinion. At present, the country is carrying out the "strictest" online car-hailing special project rectification action in history.

　　How is the progress of the national security inspection? What changes have been brought to the online car-hailing market? How to achieve the orderly development of online car-hailing under the premise of ensuring safety? Focusing on these issues of public concern, Xinhua News Agency reporters recently launched investigations in Beijing, Shanghai, Fuzhou and other cities.

　　The "security inspection storm" swept the country, and the online car-hailing platform stepped up rectification

　　At present, the country set off a network about car safety inspection storm. On August 31st, the inter-ministerial joint meeting on the coordinated supervision of new forms of transportation decided to carry out a comprehensive inspection of all online about car platform companies nationwide from September 5th. On September 10th, the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Public Security announced that from now until December 31st, a special project rectification action to combat illegal taxi business will be organized nationwide. On September 11th, the Ministry of Transport and other departments of the network about car, ride safety special project inspection team has been stationed in Shouqi car, Shenzhou special car and other network about car and ride platform companies to carry out safety special project inspection.

　　According to the reporter’s investigation, safety inspections are currently being carried out in various places. For example, multiple departments in Shanghai have been stationed in Didi (Shanghai) company to carry out safety special project inspections since September 7. The Shanghai Municipal Transportation Commission Law Enforcement Corps said that it will cooperate with the public security department to carry out stationed safety inspections on the online car-hailing platform no less than twice a week. At the same time, increase the intensity of road law enforcement inspections in key areas of the city; relevant departments in Fuzhou said that they will promote the installation of on-board intelligent end point equipment on the city’s online car-hailing platform, which has functions such as camera, recording, and one-click alarm.

　　Several online ride-hailing platforms have made relevant business adjustments. Didi Chuxing has been offline nationwide since August 27; the original "emergency assistance" function of the passenger terminal has been upgraded to "one-click alarm" since September 4; the whole process of practice running has been recorded since September 8; from September 13, drivers will conduct safety knowledge assessments before leaving the car every day. In addition, on September 4, Didi announced that it will suspend the late-night service from September 8 to 14 (23:00 to 5:00 the next day).

　　On August 26, Autonavi Map has temporarily offline the ride-hailing business. Meituan hailing has added a night ride safety reminder, and users need to add emergency contacts before boarding.

　　Compliance with stricter supervision capacity is tight, security risks are still many

　　Under this safety inspection, what changes have taken place in the online car-hailing market? What are the implications for drivers and passengers?

　　- Drivers’ compliance costs have increased, and transportation capacity is now tight. Master Zhang, a Beijing-based ride-hailing driver, told reporters: "Before the safety inspection, I used a private car with an annual insurance premium of 4,000 to 5,000 yuan. After stricter supervision, vehicles must apply for an online ride-hailing operator license to go on the road, and the annual insurance premium has increased to more than 10,000 yuan. In addition, after a safety accident, orders have also decreased, and some people have quit."

　　The reporter took a taxi at the Jing’an Temple business district in Shanghai at 22:00 on September 12. The Didi platform showed that 77 people were waiting, and it was expected to wait for 35 minutes. The person in charge of the Shanghai area of Didi said that after strengthening the compliance review, there are some challenges in the capacity guarantee at present, but it will formulate a response plan for the large passenger flow such as the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day according to the requirements of the competent authorities, and fulfill the platform’s responsibilities.

　　- Passengers have resumed taking taxis on the roadside, but some sections of the road are still inconvenient. Zhang Xiaona, who works in Pudong, Shanghai, said that in the past, they used to book rides or taxis online. For safety reasons, these platforms have been used less recently, and they have returned to the roadside for taxis. But if you encounter rush hour or remote roads, it will take a long time, and some taxis show "waiting for service" and do not stop.

　　Chen Min, who works in the Beijing International Trade Area, said that he often works overtime until the early morning, but recently when he goes home after the night shift, he can’t get a taxi or call Didi, which is very inconvenient.

　　- There are still many potential safety hazards and loopholes. The reporter’s investigation found that the current regulatory requirements of Beijing, Shanghai and other cities for online car-hailing "local cars, local people" have not been fully implemented. For example, when the Shanghai Municipal Traffic Law Enforcement Department checked the data of the online car-hailing platform on September 7, it found that there are still non-compliant foreign vehicles and drivers receiving orders, and the platform has been asked to rectify immediately. In addition, there are also situations such as "some motor vehicle driver’s license numbers that have completed orders are empty" "some orders are missing" "some registered account drivers have incomplete information".

　　It can’t be "killed with a stick", but the "seat belt" must be fastened

　　The reporter’s investigation found that consumers still have a great demand for legal and compliant online car-hailing. At present, a nationwide safety inspection is underway, and all sectors of society are exploring how to achieve the orderly development of the new business of online car-hailing under the premise of ensuring safety.

　　Industry insiders believe that for the problems existing in the development of the new business model of online car-hailing, the regulatory authorities have never advocated "killing with one stick", and have also introduced a series of normative measures. In the future, relevant departments should integrate vehicle and driver information, dispatch and freight mechanism, operation and other data with the platform as soon as possible, establish effective supervision of the online car-hailing industry, and guide the orderly development of the industry.

　　The Shanghai Municipal Transportation Management Office clearly requires that online car-hailing platforms should take measures such as online technology and offline on-the-spot certification, sort out and then remove non-Shanghai drivers, and resolutely remove non-Shanghai vehicles or "vest cars" with inconsistent online and offline license plates after verification.

　　Companies have also introduced self-regulatory measures. Didi announced that it will resume late-night travel services from September 15, and at the same time, it will trial late-night operating rules, which will require driver registration time and safety services for a single time.

　　Ge Lei, secretary-general of the China Taxi Industry Alliance, believes that it is very abnormal if there is a situation such as difficulty in taking a taxi or the return of black cars because of the outage of a platform. The root cause is also the lack of regular taxi capacity in many cities, or the vicious competition of some online car-hailing platforms at low prices, resulting in the loss of personnel in the cruise car industry.

　　Zhou Xingtai, chairperson of Wuxi Zhongtian Passenger Transport Co., Ltd., said: "Local governments and transportation management departments should rationally plan medium and long-term capacity allocation plans according to the needs of local traffic volume. Among them, the development of online car-hailing should be in accordance with the latest requirements of laws and regulations and regulatory authorities, and the entry and law enforcement should be well controlled."