[Guangming Shuhua]   

In 70 years, I fell in love with science from popular science

-70th anniversary of the publication of new China science popularization.

Author: Yan Shi (deputy director of China Institute of Popular Science and former editor-in-chief of Popular Science Publishing House)

　　editorial comment/note

　　The 70-year history of the founding of New China contains a reading history of Chinese people. After 70 years, books in China have changed from "book shortage" to "book sea", and the type on paper records, leads and interacts with the times. In the book, there is also a history of ideological and cultural development. We inherit the tradition of literature and art and explore the possibility of science and technology. We climb the peak of our thoughts and sow the seeds for the education of the next generation. After 70 years, classic reading, theme reading, popular science reading, children’s reading … all kinds of books are increasingly rich and blooming, reflecting that the reading needs of Chinese people are becoming full and diverse. This issue of "Bright Reading" invites two experts to write two aspects of the 70-year reading history: popular science books and periodicals, with a view to reviewing history and looking forward to the future.

　　The first edition of "100,000 Why" information pictures

　　The history of popular science is as long as that of science and technology. Science in modern sense was first enlightened during the Renaissance in Europe, and was greatly promoted after the 17th century. The creation and publication of popular science emerged with the leap-forward development of science. The popular science works of a large number of representative writers such as Galileo, Buffon, Huxley, Fabres and Darwin have been popular for hundreds of years. At the same time, printing technology has greatly promoted the development and dissemination of science and technology and played a decisive role in promoting the industrial revolution.

　　Popular science publishing has always been a barometer of popular science and an important part of national soft power of science and technology. Popular science is a bridge between science and technology and social life. While imparting knowledge to readers and making them fall in love with science, it also edifies readers with scientific thoughts, scientific spirit, scientific attitude and scientific style. Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, the older generation of scientific and technological workers, popular science writers and colleagues in the field of popular science publishing have presented hundreds of millions of readers with their hard work, which has laid a solid foundation for the development of popular science and left valuable spiritual wealth.

Manuscripts written by scientists such as Li Siguang and Zhu Kezhen for 100,000 Why.

　　First, popular science work as a basic national policy

　　In September, 1949, the first plenary session of China People’s Political Consultative Conference was held, and the meeting discussed the "Common Program" with the function of interim constitution. Zhu Kezhen, a famous meteorologist and educator, and other scientists took the lead in putting the popularization of scientific knowledge into the Common Program, and made it clear that "efforts should be made to develop natural science to serve the construction of industry, agriculture and national defense. Reward scientific discoveries and inventions and popularize scientific knowledge. " Taking science popularization as a basic national policy reflects the importance attached by the Party and the state to science and science popularization, and opens a new chapter in the cause of science popularization in new China. On November 1st, 1949, China Academy of Sciences and Science Popularization Bureau of the Ministry of Culture were established respectively by the State Council of the Central People’s Government. Natural scientists, engineers, agricultural workers, medical workers, teachers and young students were widely mobilized to make popular science work a mass work. The Science Popularization Newsletter and other publications were published by the Bureau of Popular Science, covering all aspects of popular science work, which became the main channel for the public to understand popular science work at that time, so as to promote the continuous development of the national popular science movement.

　　In August 1950, the "All-China Association for Popularization of Science and Technology" was formally established, and then a large number of popular science books were edited and published, and speeches of scientific lectures and popular science charts were issued. Another important task of the Association is to promote the translation of a large number of popular science books in the Soviet Union, such as the Soviet Popular Science Series by the Commercial Press, the Soviet Youth Science Series by China Youth Publishing House, the Science Translation Series by Science Publishing House and the Soviet Encyclopedia series selected and translated by Higher Education Publishing House. China has also created many excellent popular science works, and a number of famous artists such as Gao Shiqi, Jia Zuzhang, Dong Chuncai and Gu Junzheng personally participated in the creation of popular science books. There are many first-class great scientists who write popular science, such as Liang Xi, Li Siguang, Zhu Kezhen, Mao Yisheng, Yan Jici, Lin Qiaozhi, Hua Luogeng, Qian Xuesen and Qian Sanqiang … Their works guide generations of young people to the forefront of science.

　　In July 1956, under the advocacy of all walks of life, the Science Popularization Press was formally established, and a large number of popular science books were published in response to the production and life needs of the masses. For example, Professor Zhao Xuetian of Huazhong Institute of Technology, in order to solve the problem that a large number of new workers couldn’t read the drawings at that time, went deep into the factory to understand the demand, and then wrote the book "Mechanical Workers’ Quick Drawing" in an easy-to-understand creative way, which was reprinted 19 times in a row. By 1980, the book had been issued in 16 million copies, which played a huge role in the industrialization of new China.

　　The wind of "Great Leap Forward" has also swept into the publishing position, and grandiose slogans such as "publishing a book is like publishing a newspaper" and "publishing a book in 48 hours" have been put forward. Although the number of books published has increased, some so-called inventions that have not been tested by practice and scientifically demonstrated have been edited and published as science, and some books have died when they were published, such as "Series of Experience in Indigenous Smelting" published by Jiangsu People’s Publishing House and "Experience of Workers and Peasants for Leaping Forward" published by Science Popularization Publishing House.

　　After 1961, with the improvement of the national economy, popular science publishing also showed a certain recovery, and a number of high-quality knowledge popular science series were published, and popular science creation came to a climax again. Representative works include: Knowledge Series advocated by Hu Yuzhi, a writer and publisher, and written by famous scientists such as Zhu Kezhen; Mathematics Series compiled by mathematician Hua Luogeng and published by People’s Education Publishing House; Natural Science Series edited by scientist Mao Yisheng and published by Beijing People’s Publishing House; Scientists Talk about the 21st Century written by Li Siguang and other scientists; The Secret of Snake Island written by Wu Law; The Missing Brother written by Ye Zhishan. These books have been widely welcomed by readers, including young readers.

　　The series "100,000 Why" has created a miracle in the history of popular science publishing in China. The first edition of "100,000 Why" was published by Shanghai People’s Publishing House in 1961-1962, with a total of 8 volumes, including physics, chemistry, astronomy, meteorology, agriculture, physiology and health, geology and minerals, animals and mathematics, with a total of 1,484 "Why" and a total of 1.05 million words. The second edition was published by Shanghai Children’s Publishing House in 1964-1965. Based on the first edition, the subject classification is more reasonable. According to the subject category, it is divided into 14 volumes, each with about 150~200 "why", with a total of 2480 questions. As soon as The Hundred Thousand Why was published, it was widely welcomed by the society. By April 1964 alone, 5.84 million copies (730,000 sets) had been published, which influenced the formation of a generation of young people’s scientific outlook in China, stimulated their love for science, and became a much-told story in the history of children’s popular science publishing in new China.

　　Second, popular science publishing ushered in spring

　　On March 18th, 1978, the National Science Conference was held. At the conference, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward some important conclusions, such as that science and technology are productive forces, intellectuals are part of the working class, and the key to the four modernizations is the modernization of science and technology. In the spring of science, the enthusiasm and creativity of the majority of scientific and technological workers have been fully released, and remarkable results have been achieved in promoting the publication of popular science. In April 1978, the State Council approved the official resumption of the National Association for Science and Technology, which laid a strong organizational guarantee for the development of popular science work.

　　In 1978, China Association for Science and Technology held a national symposium on popular science creation in Shanghai. A group of famous scientists including Hua Luogeng, Mao Yisheng and Gao Shiqi attended the symposium and initiated the establishment of China Association for Popular Science Creation. Since 1979, a number of popular science organizations, such as China Popular Science Writers Association (later renamed China Popular Science Writers Association), have been established and actively carried out popular science work in their respective fields. Science associations, societies and scientific and technological workers at all levels actively carry out popular science creation. According to rough statistics, from 1979 to 1988, more than 20,000 popular science books were published nationwide.

　　In October 1980, "China Institute of Popular Science Creation" (later renamed China Institute of Popular Science) was established, with Gao Shiqi, a famous popular science writer, as honorary director, systematically and deeply summarizing the practical experience of popular science creation in China. In April, 1982, the Institute of Popular Science held the "Conference on Popular Science Creation and Research Plan" in Beidaihe. At the meeting, it was decided to compile a set of "Selected Works of Popular Science", which was completed successively in 1993, with a total of 10 books.

　　Around the 1990s, influenced by various social trends of thought, the creation and publication of popular science received a cold reception after 10 years of prosperity, and the position of popular science was shrinking day by day, almost becoming a forgotten corner. In the meantime, pseudoscience has also risen, and some pseudoscience publications such as astrology and parapsychology, which promote all kinds of supernatural and metamaterial mysterious forces under the banner of science, have been increasing continuously. The proliferation of these superstitions and pseudoscience has caused a waste of national resources and a very bad influence on the general public.

　　In view of the social phenomenon of the spread of ignorance and superstition in society, on December 5, 1994, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Strengthening the Popularization of Science and Technology". This is the first programmatic document jointly issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on science popularization since the founding of New China. It is an important symbol for the Party and the government to promote the development of science popularization in the new period, which is of milestone significance. On June 20, 1995, China Association for Science and Technology invited all parties concerned to have a discussion, which was presided over by the special committee of China Association for Science and Technology to promote the natural and social sciences, and put forward the initiative of "defending the dignity of science, getting rid of ignorance and superstition, and opposing pseudoscience". He has also organized the translation of Science and Weirdness, co-authored by many famous foreign scientists, and edited popular science books such as 100 Questions on Breaking Superstition, explaining the fact that there are neither gods nor ghosts in the world with scientific reasons, exposing all kinds of deceptive schemes, and improving readers’ ability to distinguish between science and pseudoscience, superstition and natural phenomena.

　　At the same time, a number of domestic publishing houses have introduced and translated a number of high-level popular science publications from abroad, such as the "First Promotion Series" published by Hunan Science and Technology Publishing House, which is a masterpiece of popular science written by contemporary world-class scientists and is called "the spiritual home of science lovers". Shanghai Science and Technology Education Publishing House, on the basis of many years’ full investigation on the publishing situation of popular science at home and abroad, has carefully planned the series of "philosopher’s stone series" in response to the readers’ thirst for popular science products with strong sense of the times and deep appeal, and has become a large-scale popular science brand with far-reaching influence.

　　Third, the overall improvement of national scientific quality

　　On June 29th, 2002, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Science and Technology Popularization Law was promulgated, which is the first science popularization law in the world so far. On February 6, 2006, the State Council formulated and implemented the Outline of the Action Plan for National Scientific Literacy (2006-2010-2020), and put forward the principles, objectives, tasks and measures for the construction of Chinese citizens’ scientific literacy in the next 15 years. It is clear that improving citizens’ scientific quality is a major strategic task of the country; It sets the tasks and objectives of China citizens’ scientific quality construction in the short-term, medium-term and long-term stages. This means that, as a long-term task, the construction of scientific quality of the whole people will benefit the whole country.

　　Known as the "cross-century popular science publishing project", the "Academician Popular Science Book Department" is a large-scale popular science series jointly planned by China Academy of Sciences, China Academy of Engineering and Science Times, and jointly published by Tsinghua University Press and Jinan University Press. About 176 academicians of the two academies participated in the writing. The topic selection of book department is the frontier of world science and the hot issue of China’s economic and social development, such as 100 scientific problems in the 21st century, industry trend in the 21st century, magical surface engineering, flying metal-light metal and so on.

　　In order to cooperate with the national action plan for national scientific literacy, Science Popularization Publishing House, with the strong support of China Association for Science and Technology, started to plan the large-scale popular science topic selection of "Outline Book Series of the Action Plan for National Scientific Literacy" in 2006. Combining the introduction of excellent foreign popular science works with the development of excellent original works, it has successively developed dozens of sets of high-quality popular science books, and equipped a batch of high-quality popular science resources for libraries and farmer’s bookstores at all levels. The Chinese Association of Popular Science Writers organized and planned major selected topics such as "China Contemporary Popular Science Boutique Book Series", which greatly improved the publishing level of original popular science books in China. According to a survey conducted in 2015, there are about 200 publishing houses publishing popular science books every year in China, and the average number of new books published has exceeded 10,000. A number of important awards such as the National Science and Technology Progress Award include popular science categories.

　　On May 30, 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech at the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ninth National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology. It is emphasized that scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization are the two wings to realize innovation and development, and scientific popularization should be placed in the same important position as scientific and technological innovation. It gives a brand-new orientation and requirements for popular science work in China in the new era. Facing the rapidly changing international environment, popular science work has long been not limited to the popularization of general scientific and technological knowledge, but more reflected in the overall improvement of national scientific quality. Without the general improvement of the scientific quality of the whole people, it will be difficult to establish a grand army of high-quality innovation and realize the rapid transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

　　In recent years, with the great attention and investment of the state, the scientific quality level of Chinese citizens has entered a stage of rapid improvement. Previous national surveys conducted by China Institute of Popular Science show that the proportion of citizens with scientific literacy in China has increased from 3.27% in 2010 to 6.20% in 2015 and further to 8.47% in 2018. Faced with the rapid development of science and technology and the huge demand of the general public for high-quality popular science resources, the traditional popular science model can no longer adapt to the changes of the new era. Popular science publishing needs to better connect with the international community, adapt to the development law of mobile reading, online reading and audio reading, and promote the deep integration and transformation of the industry. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the theoretical research and practical exploration of popular science creation, because no matter how the times develop, "content is king" is always the first meaning of popular science publishing.

　　Guangming Daily (October 4, 2019, 08 edition)

　　In recent years, Zhangqiu District of Jinan City has made remarkable achievements in promoting the classification and resource utilization of domestic waste with pragmatic measures and innovative path system, especially in the recycling of recyclable materials. By introducing private capital and cultivating small and micro enterprises, the garbage recycling path has been implanted into the urban operation texture, and the concept of garbage classification has been rooted in the habit of citizens. The "580" domestic waste recycling station in this district is one of the outstanding representatives of enterprises.

　　Recently, the "Promotion of Self-help Recycling Equipment for Waste Products" was held in Xishuitai Community, Shuang Shan Street. Residents of the community lined up with recyclable materials such as cardboard boxes and plastic bottles, and came to experience the "intelligent recycling machine for waste products". "Scan code login, self-service weighing, complete recycling, pay fees, print small tickets, self-service recycling is really convenient, you can complete the delivery without leaving the community, you can also earn two pocket money, and you can also catch up with the fashion of garbage sorting." The people at the scene said.

　　Through the self-developed "waste intelligent recycling machine" to collect waste, the citizens can immediately feel the economic benefits of waste sorting output, which effectively enhances the enthusiasm of citizens to take the initiative to sort. At present, the registered number of permanent residents in this community has exceeded 40%. This recycling method has been put into other residential areas one after another.

　　In order to improve the recycling network of recyclable materials, the "580" domestic waste recycling station has made great efforts. In addition to self-recycling through the "waste intelligent recycling machine", the company has built five recycling stations in Zhangqiu main city with a radius of 1.5 kilometers, established a full-time recycling team, and adopted various methods such as fixed-point recycling, fixed-point door-to-door recycling, and telephone+WeChat appointment recycling to maximize the convenience for merchants and citizens to sell recyclable materials. The garbage recycling path is really implanted into the urban operation texture, which makes it a reality to sell recyclables without leaving home, and effectively realizes the win-win benefits of enterprises, citizens’ economic benefits and garbage sorting services.

　　In addition, in order to expand the publicity effect of garbage classification, under the guidance of Zhangqiu District Urban Management Bureau and Classification Office, the "Science Museum of Garbage Classification Recyclable Materials" invested by the enterprise for more than 300,000 yuan has been completed and put into use, and it is open to the public free of charge. At the same time, a publicity team for domestic waste classification was set up in conjunction with the classification office, streets and communities in the district, with students as the main publicity group, and teachers and students were invited to visit the campus in Zhangzhang to carry out the theme publicity of domestic waste classification, which further strengthened the construction of publicity positions for domestic waste classification in the district.

　　"Rooted in the recycling of domestic waste classification recyclables for five years, with the support of relevant departments and streets, the enterprise has begun to take shape, from the initial one car to the first recycling station, and then to the recycling enterprise with the widest collection network in Zhangqiu District, which has driven more than 30 people to achieve employment and income increase. We are full of confidence in demanding output value and benefits from garbage and making greater contributions to the domestic waste classification in the whole region. " Zhang Guangrui, the person in charge of the company, said.

　　The small recycling station has multiple functions, such as youth entrepreneurship platform, education and publicity base, and the front position of garbage sorting, and has achieved a win-win situation in the promotion of domestic garbage sorting in this area. (correspondent Meng Fangeng)

　　BEIJING, May 18 (Xinhua)-According to a comprehensive report, Kilauea)17 volcano in Hawaii erupted explosively on the 17th, and the volcanic ash cloud reached more than 9,100 meters and went straight into the sky. The authorities said that residents of the Big Island had been warned to find a safe place to escape because the volcanic ash cloud affected a large area.

　　The Hawaii County Civil Defence Bureau issued a telephone warning: "The Hawaii Volcano Observatory informed that an explosive eruption occurred at the top of Kilauea volcano, and the volcanic ash cloud would cover the surrounding area. If you are in an area affected by volcanic ash clouds, please look for shelter. "

　　Kilaway volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the world, and it has been erupting from time to time in the past 35 years. However, this eruption, which started on the 3rd of this month, is quite different and more violent than before. The US Geological Survey issued a red warning on the 15th to remind the public that volcanoes may erupt on a large scale, and volcanic ash may be ejected in large quantities. Text source: Xinhuanet Image source: vision china

　　Kilauea Volcano, located on the Big Island of Hawaii, is a powerful steam explosion eruption, spewing out a lot of volcanic ash. The recent eruption has destroyed 37 houses and other buildings in a small place in the southeast of Oshima, forcing about 2,000 residents to leave their homes.

　　The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) also said that Kilauea volcano has ejected rocks the size of a microwave oven, which may be the beginning of an explosive eruption.

　　The last eruption of this kind was nearly a century ago. Kilauea volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. It started erupting nearly two weeks ago, posing an imminent threat to Hawaii.

　　The eruption of Kilauea volcano prompted the authorities to issue an aviation red alert, because volcanic ash clouds may spray to the aircraft route and damage the engine of the jet.

　　USGS warned that the steam explosive eruption might eject 10-12 tons of rocks into the air 800 meters, and cobblestone-sized rocks could be sprayed within 19 kilometers of Fiona Fang.

　　This kind of eruption may cover the big island with a layer of volcanic ash much thicker than dust. Powder and volcanic smoke may spread to the Hawaiian islands, and if they float to the stratosphere, they will further affect further areas.

　　The Outline of National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy has made specific arrangements for the strategic objectives and paths of implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, which is both a design drawing and a general construction drawing.

　　First, it is a great practice to implement the innovation-driven development strategy.

　　Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy is not only a reflection of the general law of economic development, but also a great practice to realize the transformation of development power and realize the leap-forward development of the economy under the new historical conditions. According to Michael Porter’s theory of stages of economic development, a country’s economic development can be divided into several stages: factor-driven, investment-driven, innovation-driven and wealth-driven. With the growth of per capita GDP and the change of development conditions, the transformation from economic development to innovation-driven development is an inevitable process. Developed countries such as Europe and the United States have gradually entered high-income countries through long-term economic development and natural evolution of market economy, and achieved innovation-driven development. However, as a late-developing country, China faces different development conditions, and the competitive situation in all aspects has not allowed China to go through such a natural evolution process. Especially after the middle-income stage, facing the Achilles heel of lack of development motivation and innovation ability, it is the only choice for China to get rid of the danger of "middle-income trap" and enter a high-income country by realizing the transformation of development mode to innovation-driven as soon as possible.

　　Driven by economic globalization and new technological revolution, the period of strategic opportunities for the country to achieve leapfrog development is shortening day by day, and the time window of new technological revolution and industrial transformation is fleeting. We must firmly grasp the general direction of innovation-driven development, seize the opportunities of technological revolution and industrial transformation, and take effective measures to guide the society to realize the transformation to innovation-driven development as soon as possible. Under such circumstances, the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy is a great historical practice, a strategic path to lead China to achieve its development goals and move towards the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, an overall strategy to closely integrate scientific and technological innovation with national development needs and truly rely on scientific and technological innovation to get out of the dream of becoming a rich country and a strong country, and a strategic choice made on the basis of profoundly grasping the world development situation, so it is bound to succeed.

　　Second, the implementation of innovation-driven development strategy is a major ideological change.

　　Throughout the history of human development, innovation has always been an important force to promote the development of a country and a nation, and it is also an important force to promote the development of the whole human society. Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy is a profound understanding based on summing up the history of human development and the experience of the rise and development of great powers, and it is a major change in the concept and thought of economic and social development. The Chinese nation is full of innovative spirit, which is the most distinctive gift of the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation has created a highly developed civilization and contributed countless scientific and technological innovations to the world. Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy is an innovation of the traditional development consciousness, which requires the whole society to deeply understand this major change in economic and social development thinking, firmly establish innovative ideas, form a strong innovative consciousness, and be brave in pioneering and enterprising. It also requires that the innovative spirit contained in the blood of the Chinese nation be further stimulated, and generate will develop new and greater energy and explore a way to rely on innovation to leapfrog development.

　　Third, the strategic path to promote the transformation of economic and social development to innovation-driven

　　To implement the "National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy Outline", from the perspective of strategic tasks and guarantees, it is mainly to handle several relations:

　　First, firmly grasp the core and leading role of scientific and technological innovation. Scientific and technological innovation is the core and guidance of implementing the innovation-driven development strategy. It can be said that the "Outline" implements the "implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, we must firmly grasp the scientific and technological innovation ‘ Bull’s nose ’ " The "three-step" strategic goal fully embodies the core and leading role of scientific and technological innovation, including entering the ranks of innovative countries by 2020 and greatly improving the ability of independent innovation; By 2030, it will rank among the forefront of innovative countries, and generally reverse the situation that scientific and technological innovation is mainly based on tracking; By 2050, it will become a powerful country of scientific and technological innovation in the world, a major scientific center and an innovative highland in the world. Through the implementation of these steps, the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy will be based on strong scientific and technological innovation.

　　The second is the combination of reform and development. Innovation-driven requires comprehensive innovation around the core role of scientific and technological innovation. Therefore, the Outline proposes to effectively create an institutional mechanism and a good environment for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and accelerate the formation of a new source of development in China. To implement the innovation-driven development strategy and deepen the reform, it is necessary to create an institutional environment conducive to innovation-driven, form an innovation-oriented evaluation system, build an innovation system of regional coordination, military-civilian coordination and Industry-University-Research coordination, and break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that restrict the development of new industries, new technologies and new formats; It is also necessary to stimulate the enthusiasm of the whole society for innovation and entrepreneurship, cultivate and expand the main body of innovation, change from "minority" to "mass", and finally realize innovation for everyone and everywhere.

　　The third is the combination of strategic traction and market foundation. To implement innovation-driven development, the most fundamental thing is to rely on the innovative motive force to stimulate the market, and a perfect market operation mechanism is the institutional basis for innovation-driven development. It is necessary to further promote the supply-side structural reform, create a fair competitive market environment, break the institutional constraints, and form a market operation mechanism that encourages and rewards innovation. On the other hand, it is more necessary to give full play to the traction role of strategy, give full play to the advantage of "concentrating on doing great things", strengthen the overall planning and intensive utilization of scientific and technological resources, strengthen the guidance of social innovation resources, promote the innovation of industrial technology system, break through and solve the core key and cutting-edge technology supply that restricts economic and social development, and create new advantages for development; At the same time, strengthen basic research, strengthen the basic capacity building and condition guarantee of innovation, and strengthen the source supply of innovation.

　　The fourth is the combination of domestic and international. The flow of innovation elements is becoming increasingly global, and whether it can win in the future development competition depends on whether it can make full use of global innovation resources. However, global innovation resources are easier to gather and flow to areas with good innovation ecology, and innovation ecology has become a new source of international comparative competitive advantage. To implement the innovation-driven development strategy, we should create a good ecological environment for innovation, promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation, at the same time, fully attract, gather and utilize international innovation resources, deeply integrate into the global innovation network, absorb and utilize the latest scientific and technological achievements and high-end talents in the world, and provide stronger support for China’s transformation to innovation-driven.

　　To implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, we must rely on the joint efforts of the whole society to guide the whole society to take the road of innovation-driven, so as to make profits by innovation and seek space by innovation, and finally achieve development by innovation and the future by innovation.

　　(The author is the director and researcher of the Institute of Comprehensive Development of China Academy of Science and Technology Development Strategy.)

　　CCTV News:On November 20-22, the Voice of Greater Bay Area, the general radio and television station of China Central, published the commentary "Hot Comment on the Voice of Greater Bay Area: The dirty hands of American politicians are too long! "Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review: Hong Kong is not a show for American politicians" "Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review: Why are American politicians shirtless and chaotic?" 》。 Many overseas media and websites reprinted and quoted.

　　As of November 24th, BBC Arabic, French 24 Arabic news channels and Italian Rete 4 TV station have quoted relevant contents. American Business News Network, European Times German website, Nordic Times website, European Union Chinese website, Russian newspaper website, Italian Radio We website and twitter account, Turkish Economic Observer Network, Portugal Lisbon Rainbow FM website, Portugal china compass APP, Portuguese New Newspaper APP(facebook account, twitter account), Brazil’s Rio Headline Bobo website and facebook account, Brazil’s Sao Paulo World Bobo website and facebook account, Africa Times website, West Africa online website, Japan’s Record China website, Japan’s Niconico website, Japan’s so-net website, Japan’s Chinese Business Network, Indonesia’s Elsinda Radio website, Pakistan-China Friendship Network, Kazakhstan’s "Industry News" website, Nepal’s urban FM Capital FM92.4 website, Chinese PT portal website, Chinese headline APP, etc. Hong Kong media such as Hong Kong Wen Wei Po, Hong Kong Dagong.com, Hong Kong Commercial Daily website, Orange News, Xiangjiang Watch twitter account and Bauhinia Review APP also forwarded the above articles.

　　Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review: Why are American politicians shirtless and chaotic? The main contents are as follows:

　　The Voice of Greater Bay Area, the general radio and television station of China Central Committee, commented, "Why are American politicians shirtless and chaotic in Hong Kong? It means that some American politicians can’t wait to jump to the front desk and throw out the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019. The most direct reason is to intervene in the election of regional councillors in Hong Kong on November 24. Some politicians in the United States just want to push their adopted sons and daughters to the political stage in Hong Kong and become eagle dogs at their command.

　　The commentary said that some American politicians were in a hurry and went shirtless, just for fear that Hong Kong would calm down. In their eyes, the more chaotic Hong Kong is, the better, and the more thoroughly it is destroyed, the better. If Hong Kong is out of control for a long time, Hong Kong’s position as a global financial center will naturally vanish, and core financial talents and other high-end talents will naturally leave Hong Kong, thus impacting China’s financial market and hitting China’s economic development.

　　The commentary pointed out that subverting Hongkong and containing China is a bigger chess game for some American politicians. They want to use riots to start a "color revolution" in Hong Kong, destroy "one country, two systems" and the great cause of the reunification of the Chinese nation, and then continue to consume China and curb the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The commentary further pointed out that the "bill" of those American politicians has been prepared for a long time and has been suspended. Now they can’t wait to throw it out, and they are obviously anxious. However, since it has been thrown out, the world may wish to enjoy all kinds of wonderful works and treat this wonderful work as a talk.

　　The commentary emphasizes that waste paper is still waste paper no matter how mysterious it is! The China administration has clearly told some American politicians for a long time that trying to rely on "extreme pressure" will not make China yield, and relying on a piece of paper that talks to itself will not make China buy it.

　　Many overseas media forwarded and quoted the above-mentioned "Voice of Greater Bay Area" articles:

BBC Arabic (BBC Arabic News Channel) quoted on November 23rd.

American Business News Network forwarded on November 23.

The website of Russian newspaper was forwarded on November 23.

Turkish economic observation network forwarded on November 23.

Portugal Lisbon Rainbow FM website forwarded on November 23rd.

The website and facebook account of China Broadcasting Station in Sao Paulo World, Brazil were forwarded on November 23rd.

The website and facebook account of Brazil’s Rio headlines were forwarded on November 23rd.

Japan Niconico website forwarded on November 23rd.

Japan’s so-net website was forwarded on November 23rd.

Kazakhstan’s "Industry News" was forwarded on November 23.

Nepal Urban FM Capital FM92.4 website forwarded on November 23rd.

Pakistan-China Friendship Network forwarded on November 23rd.

Portuguese New Newspaper APP(facebook account, twitter account) was forwarded on November 22nd and 23rd, 2019.

Chinese PT portal was forwarded on November 23rd.

Chinese headline app was forwarded on November 23.

West Africa Online forwarded on November 23rd.

Hong Kong Wen Wei Po was published on November 24th.

Wenhui network, Hong Kong forwarded on November 23rd.

Hong Kong Dagong. com forwarded on November 23rd.

"Hong Kong Commercial Daily" website forwarded on November 23

Orange News was forwarded on November 23rd.

　　The main contents of Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review: Hong Kong is not a show for American politicians are as follows:

　　The Voice of Greater Bay Area, the general radio and television station of China Central Committee, commented that Hong Kong is not a show for American politicians, pointing out that American politicians passed the so-called Hong Kong Bill of Rights and Democracy in 2019, on the one hand, they tried to contain China with the Hong Kong issue, on the other hand, they fantasized about using Hong Kong as a show to win individual capital. This kind of pretentious ugly performance is completely ineffective in front of Chinese, only bring disgrace to oneself!

　　The commentary reminds American politicians that Hong Kong is by no means a good show for you. Let’s look at this: In the financial crisis in Hong Kong in 2008, some Americans staged a "show". As a result, the central government of China supported Hong Kong and the American financial giants fled. The Occupy Central Incident in Hong Kong in 2014 was also a "show" by some American and Western politicians. In the end, it made the American politicians behind the scenes return to their original shape.

　　The commentary pointed out that American politicians who have not seen the coffin and shed tears have come to show again, but what is the purpose of this bill? It only adds another piece of criminal hard evidence for the U.S. gross interference in China’s internal affairs, which only shows that the tactics used by American politicians against China have long been stretched. We would like to advise: Hong Kong has always been the territory of China, not a show for you American politicians. If you go to the wrong place and show off in the wrong place, you will surely become a farce of a clown.

　　Many overseas media forwarded and quoted the above-mentioned "Voice of Greater Bay Area" articles:

French 24 Arabic news channel quoted on November 22

Italian Rete 4 TV station quoted on November 22

The website of Russian newspaper was forwarded on November 22.

Japan Record China website forwarded on November 23rd.

Hong Kong Wen Wei Po was published on November 23rd.

Hong Kong Dagong. com forwarded on November 22nd.

Report on November 23rd: Overseas media pay attention to the voice of Greater Bay Area again: American politicians take Hong Kong as their show!

　　　Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review: American politicians’ dirty hands are too long! The main contents are as follows:

　　　The Voice of Greater Bay Area, the central radio and television station, commented that the dirty hands of American politicians are too long! ",criticized the US Senate for passing the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019, saying that this bill turned black and white, confused people, grossly interfered in China’s internal affairs, seriously violated international law and the basic norms of international relations, and once again let the world see the hegemonic nature of some shameless politicians in the United States and their sinister intentions to contain China. These people tried to support and cheer up Hong Kong rioters by introducing such things, so that they would be dead set as pawns for their anti-China efforts.

　　　The commentary pointed out that American politicians put their dirty hands in Hong Kong, thinking that stirring a little waves in Hong Kong’s harbor would engulf and destroy Hong Kong, thus curbing the development of China. However, these politicians in the United States are too self-righteous and overreaching! In the face of China, this kind of ghost trick doesn’t work at all, and its wishful thinking doesn’t work. 1.4 billion Chinese, including Hong Kong compatriots, have already seen through the wolf ambition of American politicians! Hong Kong is China’s Hong Kong, and no external forces can interfere. No one and no force should underestimate the strong will and determination of the China government and the people of China to defend national sovereignty and safeguard the reunification of the motherland.

　　　The commentary emphasizes that this "Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019" by American politicians is, to put it bluntly, an old routine and a new means to maintain the global strategic interests of the United States. Its essence is to use Hong Kong as a bargaining chip, give China a stumbling block, control China with China, and curb the rise of China, so as to maintain the shaky hegemonic position of the United States. Everyone knows Si Mazhao’s heart. In fact, American politicians’ game of playing with fire to complicate the Hong Kong issue will not only fail to stop the development of China, but will only make the United States suffer the consequences.

　　　Many overseas media forwarded and quoted the above-mentioned "Voice of Greater Bay Area" articles:

BBC Arabic (BBC Arabic News Channel) quoted on November 21

"European Times" German website forwarded on November 21

The website of Russian newspaper was forwarded on November 21st.

Website forwarding of Rainbow FM in Lisbon, Portugal

Portugal china compass APP forwarded

The website of Radio Elsinda in Indonesia was forwarded on November 21st.

The website and facebook account of Brazil’s Rio headlines were forwarded on November 21st.

The website and facebook account of China Broadcasting Station in Sao Paulo World, Brazil were forwarded on November 21st.

Turkish economic observation network forwarded on November 21.

Japan Record China website forwarded on November 21st.

Hong Kong Wen Wei Po was published on November 22nd.

Hong Kong Dagong. com forwarded on November 20th.

November 22nd: The domestic and foreign media widely forwarded the Voice of Greater Bay Area Hot Review: American politicians’ dirty hands are too long! 》

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　　As one of thousands of cyclists in Shanghai, Su Qiang has become accustomed to this way of "finding a job with a mobile phone and working with a mobile phone". He told reporters that he just entered the business during the Spring Festival this year, but being a rider is much better than helping workers in restaurants in the past. "On the one hand, the income is enough to support himself; On the other hand, this job is free and flexible. If you want to do it, you can rest if you don’t want to do it. "

　　In fact, in the era of sharing economy, Su Qiang’s idea of doing odd jobs in his spare time represents the voice of many young people. Especially in the express delivery and take-away distribution industries, "odd jobs" riders have become more and more common.

　　Ge Yanxia, a researcher at the Institute of Social Development Strategy of China Academy of Social Sciences, explained that in the "odd-job economy", many migrant workers are independent employees with non-contract system, and they may be full-time or part-time. In terms of connotation, "odd-job economy" is an important part of the sharing economy, and "odd-job" riders are the employees emerging in this brand-new economic form.

　　Although nominally "odd jobs", Su Qiang’s daily work is busier than full-time work. He told reporters that he works 12 hours a day on average, gets off work at nearly 10 o’clock every night, and only takes a day or two off a month, in the hope that his income will be more impressive.

　　This wish is based on the rapid matching of Internet and mobile technology, and the supply and demand sides can be connected by only one mobile phone. To a certain extent, it has lowered the threshold for entering the industry and allowed more and more people to participate in the "odd-job economy" in a full-time manner.

　　According to the "China Sharing Economy Development Annual Report (2019)" released by the National Information Center in February this year, in 2018, the transaction volume of China’s sharing economy market was 2,942 billion yuan, an increase of 41.6% over the previous year; The number of employees on the platform was 5.98 million, an increase of 7.5% over the previous year. The new kinetic energy role of sharing economy in promoting service industry structure optimization, rapid growth and consumption pattern transformation is increasingly prominent. The report also predicts that in the next three years, China’s sharing economy will still maintain an average annual growth rate of more than 30%, and its potential in stabilizing employment and promoting consumption will be further released.

　　However, the "odd job economy" is not without its drawbacks. Earlier, some experts pointed out that "odd jobs" not only broke the traditional employment relationship between employers (demand side) and workers (supply side), but also posed great challenges to the existing policies and institutional mechanisms such as labor, employment, training and social security, as well as the corresponding service system.

　　Casual riders like Su Qiang have real feelings, such as lack of security and belonging.

　　Being employed as a "part-time worker" and lacking social security benefits.

　　What makes these riders so worried? People in the industry point to the lack of labor insurance rights.

　　The reporter learned that only employees of direct express delivery companies such as SF Express and Debon have complete pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, work injury insurance, maternity insurance and housing provident fund protection; In some express delivery companies, some employees have "five insurances" and no "one gold"; Most employees who take part-time jobs buy work-related injury insurance in 3 yuan every day, with no other protection, or even sign a formal labor contract.

　　According to the research report on "Promoting the Professional Development and Social Integration of Young Express Delivery Workers" jointly published by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League and the Party Committee of the State Post Bureau, the overall signing rate of courier labor contracts is only 78.7%. Under the franchise operation mode, outlets, as contractors, are responsible for their own profits and losses. In order to save costs and avoid risks, most outlets do not sign labor contracts with couriers, which is convenient for dismissal at any time. The take-away platform also only reached a labor dispatch export agreement with the third-party human resources company.

　　This temporary flexible employment replaces the traditional employment mode, allowing riders to work and live in a relatively free way. But at the same time, it is difficult for them to obtain corresponding protection, leaving hidden dangers in personal safety, wages and benefits. Therefore, many riders have no formal salary and social security, and they can only do a single commission. If there is an accident on the way to delivery, you can only bear the consequences yourself.

　　Experts suggest building a security line by paying social security, but some enterprises have different considerations. Zhang Weijian, the operation director of Shanghai Yiditong Network Technology Co., Ltd. told the reporter that if you pay five insurances and one gold, the enterprise will spend 1600 ~ 2000 yuan more on one employee every month. But now, the competition among major platforms is becoming more and more fierce, and the profit of outlets is limited. In order not to close down and survive, the only thing that businesses can think of for the first time is to reduce the cost of employing people.

　　In addition, there is another important reason, that is, most riders don’t understand social security benefits such as five insurances and one gold. In the interview, some riders think that they don’t need to participate in medical insurance if they have work-related injury insurance. Others think that the "new rural cooperative medical system" that they participate in in rural areas can reimburse medical expenses in the event of traffic accidents, but this is not the case.

　　Some riders don’t understand social security benefits, which makes businesses "drill holes". Some affiliate sites will take advantage of the blind spot that job seekers don’t understand social security knowledge and take the initiative in employment relations.

　　Li Xiaoyu (a pseudonym), a 22-year-old rider, told reporters that the labor contract he signed did not involve five insurances and one gold. The contract is in duplicate and kept by the stationmaster. He just paid the 1000 yuan agency fee, took his ID card, filled out a form, and had a brief chat with the stationmaster, so he became a rider of a takeaway site in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou.

　　"Social security is paid by enterprises and employees in proportion. If employees want to get more wages in front of them, they will not take the initiative to fight for the company. In addition, riders pay social security in one city, and it is difficult to migrate with labor relations in another city. Even if they go through the migration procedures, they can only take away a little. " Xu Yong, chief consultant of Express Logistics Information Network, explained.

　　In his view, the consequence of this problem is that the rider has no long-term work plan, the household registration problem, the children’s schooling problem, etc. are all unresolved, and they lack a sense of belonging to the city, which will also interfere with the improvement of the supporting security system and service system.

　　　　Safety accidents are frequent, and the mobility of the rider industry is high.

　　For "odd-job" riders, safety accidents that may occur at any time are the most troublesome problems for them.

　　It is also for this reason that the 24-year-old Lu Yuan (pseudonym) got out of the takeaway industry. In May last year, Lu Yuan applied to be a rider at a take-away station in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, but on his first day at work, he encountered a traffic accident.

　　"I didn’t drive in the opposite direction, didn’t run a red light, and didn’t listen to music. I just looked down at whether there was a new order on my mobile phone, and I was hit by a car on the right, and even people and cars fell to the ground." Lu Yuan told reporters that at that time, he was completely blinded, the takeaway was scattered, and the battery car for food delivery was also damaged.

　　Because of his part-time job status and his first day at work, the person in charge of the take-away station only took a short trip to the incident and suggested that he go to the hospital for filming, without mentioning insurance and compensation.

　　Lu Yuan was a little scared and ended his riding career the next day. "If you have insurance, you may stick to it for a long time, but there was only an oral agreement at that time, and there were no safeguards, so you gave up. Being a rider, making money is making money, but it is really hard-earned money and life money. "

　　Lu Yuan’s experience is not a case. In China’s open website of adjudicative documents, there are at least 473 traffic accidents, 167 labor contract disputes, 137 insurance contract disputes, more than 380 personal injury compensation and more than 210 disability compensation.

　　However, the contradictions and disputes published on the Internet are only a small part in real life. For example, in previous media reports, the Shenzhen traffic police revealed that in early September 2017, nearly 1,900 traffic violations involving take-away food delivery occurred in Shenzhen; According to the incomplete statistics of the public security traffic police department in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, from January to October 2018, there were 1,291 traffic accidents involving electric vehicles delivered by take-away enterprises in Cangzhou area, and 802 people were injured.

　　According to the latest data from Shanghai Traffic Police Corps, in the first half of 2019, there were 325 road traffic accidents involving express delivery and take-away industries in Shanghai, resulting in 5 deaths and 324 injuries. Among them, there were 111 cases of "Hungry" company, accounting for 34.2%, and two food delivery staff died; There were 109 "Meituan" companies, accounting for 33.5%; 29 "Box Horse" companies, accounting for 8.9%; There were 11 "Shunfeng" express delivery companies, accounting for 3.4%.

　　According to statistics, 65.7% of riders said they didn’t take any action when their labor rights were infringed. Even if action is taken, it is mainly that individuals negotiate with their own units or resign directly, and the proportion of people who go through the labor dispute arbitration Committee, find trade unions, find courts and find the media is very low.

　　With the expansion of distribution services to small and medium-sized cities, counties and towns, it is even more difficult to protect the rights and interests of riders.

　　In a county in northwest China, rider Chen Yifei (a pseudonym) told reporters that the two take-out platforms in his county are run by other errands software, and the employees are mainly part-time, which is very mobile. In the past three months, 6 out of 11 part-time workers have left the industry. Chen Yifei also gave up after three minor traffic accidents, "because no matter how much pain you suffered and how much money you spent, all you got was a word of relief".

　　"Limited delivery and strict labor monitoring have led to many traffic accidents and physical injuries." Ge Yanxia said that it is very important to ensure the labor safety of takeaway workers.

　　However, the lower entry threshold and higher wage income still attract a large number of young people to join the ranks of riders without protection. The "2018 Takeaway Rider Group Insight Report" released by Hummingbird Distribution takes Dongguan City, Guangdong Province as an example. From 2015 to 2018, the number of local hummingbird riders increased by 31 times.

　　The average income of hummingbird riders in 2017 also exceeded the average monthly salary of employees in urban private units nationwide by 3,813.4 yuan, and the monthly income of many riders exceeded the average monthly salary of their original provinces. For example, the monthly income of Henan riders is 24% higher than the average monthly salary of employees in urban private units in Henan Province.

　　Let the rider find a sense of security and need institutional support.

　　To a certain extent, the emergence of "odd-job" riders is a supplement to the existing labor market and an inevitable trend of the development of sharing economy. But correspondingly, with the expansion of platform economy, the social security welfare problems of riders will become more common.

　　As early as 2017, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Employment and Entrepreneurship at Present and in the Future", clearly proposing to improve the employment and social security systems adapted to the characteristics of new employment forms, supporting workers to achieve diversified employment through emerging formats, and speeding up the construction of "online social security" to facilitate employees in new employment forms to participate in insurance and transfer social security.

　　However, there is still a long way to go to build a perfect security system for odd-job riders. Xu Yong believes that this is a complex topic, not a problem that enterprises and industries can solve.

　　Ge Yanxia thought about the reasons for the absence of rider social security. She said that in addition to the reduction of employment costs by merchants and the lack of social security awareness of riders, the current lack of protection for riders is also related to the scope of existing policies.

　　"On the one hand, the relationship between the rider and the platform is not a traditional employment relationship, but a business cooperation relationship. Within the scope of the current social security policy, their social security rights and interests have not been completely solved. On the other hand, the payment base of social security for freelancers is determined according to the local average social wage in the previous year, and the minimum is not less than 60% of the average monthly wage of employees, and the maximum is not more than 300% of the average social wage, and ‘ Odd jobs ’ The income gap of riders is large. " Ge Yanxia said.

　　So how to solve the immediate problem? Ge Yanxia gave two suggestions. One is to suggest that the platform provide riders with 30% ~ 50% social security subsidies for each order without reducing the current remuneration for each order, and then the riders themselves will buy the commercial insurance they need in the insurance market according to their own wishes. "The actual operation of this scheme is simple and scientific, but the difficulty lies in how to determine the proportion of subsidies".

　　Another solution is to suggest that several powerful platforms pay social security for riders. Ge Yanxia admits that this scheme regards the relationship between the rider and the platform as an employment relationship, but it needs legal enforcement in order to be guaranteed. "First, the mobility of riders is very strong, which will affect the platform to pay social security for them to some extent; Second, because the riders on the platform are currently in a situation of oversupply, the platform does not lack riders and lacks the enthusiasm to improve the social security benefits of riders. "

China Youth Daily China Youth Network Trainee Reporter Harper Wei Qimeng Source: China Youth Daily

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 22nd: Starry night, just for life — — On-the-spot report on emergency rescue of Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes in Yunnan and Qinghai.

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　At 21: 48 on May 21, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 occurred in Yangbi County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. At 2: 04 on the 22nd, a 7.4-magnitude earthquake struck maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province.

　　02:17

　　Disaster is the command, and time is life. From Yangbi to Maduo, from the southwest mountainous area to the snowy plateau, from the central government to the local government, the rescue operation was launched urgently.

　　What is the disaster situation? How is the rescue going? Are people’s lives guaranteed? Xinhua news agency reporters rushed to the two earthquakes at the first time to directly attack the progress of rescue and relief work.

　　Tony Wen moves, and everything is for the safety of the people’s lives

　　Wall cracks occurred in houses in the earthquake-stricken area of Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province (photo taken on May 22). Xinhua news agency

　　The disaster came suddenly. According to the official measurement by China Seismological Network, at 21: 48 on May 21, an earthquake of magnitude 6.4 occurred in Yangbi County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and three earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 or above occurred before and after. As of 6 o’clock on the 22nd, the earthquake has killed 3 people and injured 28 people. Among them, more than 70,000 people were affected in Yangbi County, and more than 13,000 houses were damaged, of which 89 collapsed.

On May 22nd, in Gadan Village, Machali Town, maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, rescuers found a house door collapsed due to the earthquake during the investigation, and moved it in time. Xinhua news agency

　　When the emergency rescue operation was being carried out in Yunling, at 2: 04 on the 22nd, an earthquake of magnitude 7.4 occurred in maduo county, Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, which was strongly felt in Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Xizang. As of 10: 00 on the 22nd, eight people in maduo county and Maqin County were slightly injured, some people’s houses and barns were damaged, and some roads and bridges were damaged to varying degrees.

　　Earthquake is command, and time is life.

　　After the Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes, the emergency management department started the third-level and second-level emergency response to earthquake disasters respectively; The Emergency Management Department and the Seismological Bureau of China sent a working group to Yunnan and Qinghai overnight to guide and assist local governments in carrying out emergency rescue and disaster relief work. On the afternoon of the 22nd, the Ministry of Finance and the Emergency Management Department urgently allocated 10 million yuan of central natural disaster relief funds to Yunnan Province.

　　All localities also acted urgently. After the Yangbi earthquake, the Yunnan Provincial Disaster Reduction Committee launched a second-level emergency response. The provincial government working group composed of the commander of the provincial earthquake relief headquarters, the deputy governor and Liang Hui led the relevant departments to the earthquake-stricken area, and the provincial finance urgently allocated 20 million yuan and Dali Prefecture finance allocated 2 million yuan for emergency relief funds.

　　Dali detachment of Yunnan Forest Fire Brigade dispatched 110 officers and men as the first echelon, dispatched 14 vehicles and rushed to the disaster area with more than 500 pieces of various earthquake rescue equipment. Yunnan Seismological Bureau immediately dispatched 43 on-site teams to carry relevant instruments and equipment overnight.

　　According to the earthquake situation, Dali Prefecture established the "5.21" Yangbi M6.4 earthquake relief headquarters, and sent nine working groups to nine towns to carry out earthquake relief work.

　　Starry night, just for life. As of 16: 00 on the 22nd, Yunnan dispatched 143 vehicles and 664 people from the national comprehensive fire rescue team to the earthquake area with 33 search dogs and search and rescue equipment, organized 11 rescue operations, and rescued 17 people trapped and buried. A comprehensive search was being conducted in towns and villages near the epicenter to ensure that no one household was missing.

On May 22nd, in maduo county, Golog Prefecture, Qinghai Province, officers and men of Golog detachment of Qinghai Armed Police Corps comforted the affected people in the tent (mobile phone photo). Xinhua News Agency (photo by Lu Zhennan)

　　After the Maduo earthquake, Qinghai immediately launched a secondary emergency response to major earthquake disasters. The Emergency Management Department of Qinghai Province promptly allocated 23 kinds of emergency relief materials, totaling 34,511 pieces, to Guoluo area. Qinghai Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps assembled 4 heavy rescue teams, 6 light rescue teams, 169 fire engines and 775 commanders and soldiers, and went to the earthquake area in batches for rescue.

　　At 3: 10 a.m. on the 22nd, under the unified deployment of the joint military and local earthquake relief headquarters, Zhou Limin, Minister of the People’s Armed Forces of maduo county, led 100 militiamen and drove 60 kilometers to the scene at 4: 15. In the process of troubleshooting, they found that a herder was buried under the rubble with a broken right leg and immediately organized forces to be sent to the hospital for treatment.

　　As of 10: 30, 18 fire engines and 90 officers and men of the fire rescue detachment of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture arrived in the earthquake zone to carry out rescue, and more than 750 households were visited and investigated.

　　Maduo county is high in altitude and low in temperature. Some bridges collapsed due to the earthquake and the rain and snow weather also affected the travel of rescue vehicles. Rescue forces such as the full-time headquarters of Qinghai Fire Rescue Corps, Xining City, Yushu Prefecture and the training and support detachment of Qinghai Fire Rescue Corps rushed to the earthquake zone.

　　Life is the most important thing, so that the affected people can realize "seven possessions"

　　Vegetarian fried broad beans, white rice, pickles soup and pickles are very common meals, which are especially sweet and precious to Qi Chen, a 25-year-old villager in Xiuling Village, Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County. He and other villagers have just experienced a thrilling earthquake. With the help of armed police officers and soldiers, they had their first meal after the earthquake.

On May 22nd, at the disaster relief resettlement site of boarding school in Huanghe Township, maduo county, teachers were making meat porridge for students. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Long photo

　　This is a warm scene in the front line of earthquake relief. After the earthquake, rescue forces from all sides adhered to the principle of "people first" and "life first", and made every effort to do a good job in personnel search and rescue and mass resettlement. A large number of relief materials such as tents and quilts arrived in the disaster area, and the affected people realized the "seven haves" of temporary shelter, food, clothing, water, medical services, security and health and epidemic prevention measures at the first time.

　　In the early morning of the 22nd, the reporter saw stones scattered on the roadside from time to time on the road entering the epicenter area of Yangbi earthquake in Yunnan. In the village in the city near the county seat, some old houses collapsed seriously.

　　In Xiuling Village, located in the epicenter, the walls of some houses were cracked, broken tiles were scattered on the ground, and cracks appeared on the ground. In the open space of the village, some blue disaster relief tents have been set up.

　　"Early this morning, the village cadres brought us water and bread and told us that we could no longer live in the house. Soon, fire officers and soldiers came to set up tents for us. " Villager Yang Shaomei said.

On May 22nd, in Xiuling Village, Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, medical staff treated the affected people. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao photo

　　Due to the successive earthquakes in Yangbi, some villagers were frightened, and medical staff were busy rescuing and soothing the villagers’ emotions. Xiong Tianqin, head of the medical emergency team of Dali People’s Hospital, told the reporter that after arriving in Xiuling Village this morning, he devoted himself to the rescue work, mainly to guide and appease the frightened villagers.

　　At present, the road into Yangbi County is smooth, and the expressway has opened a green channel for disaster relief. The county has set up 380 centralized resettlement sites, and through centralized and decentralized resettlement of 85,802 people, all towns and villages have organized people to evacuate to safety.

　　Maduo is the highest elevation county in Qinghai Province, with an average elevation of about 4,300 meters within 5 kilometers from the epicenter of the earthquake and a sparse population. On the way to the epicenter, the reporter also experienced severe altitude sickness such as dizziness and nausea.

　　The average annual temperature in maduo county is MINUS 4 degrees Celsius, and the local heating period is as long as 11 months. From the county seat, the top of the mountain in the distance is full of snow. At 14: 00 on the 22nd, the reporter’s Maduo County was only 2 degrees Celsius, and snowflakes were always floating in the air.

　　The reporter saw in the temporary resettlement site of maduo county Government Square that the staff were distributing steamed bread, flower rolls, hot tea and other foods to the masses and staff. "There is no loss at home, and the food eaten in the tent is guaranteed, and I feel very at ease." Only the Tibetan people who live in the resettlement sites can let Jia say.

On May 22nd, rescuers were carrying bedding for children at the disaster relief resettlement site of the boarding school in Huanghe Township, maduo county. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Long photo

　　In the earthquake rescue, the temporary resettlement sites were crowded with people, and a large number of rescuers entered the disaster area. Yunnan and Qinghai paid attention to both rescue and disaster relief and epidemic prevention and control.

　　At the mass resettlement site in Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County, rescue workers are wearing masks, and epidemic prevention personnel are doing environmental disinfection. In maduo county National Boarding Middle School, more than 850 students were placed in the blue disaster relief tent in the school playground, and the students were waiting in line to get masks. Cai Dan, director of the Political and Educational Affairs Department of maduo county National Boarding Middle School, said that at present, masks have been distributed to teachers and students of the school to ensure the safety of epidemic prevention and control.

　　United as one, go all out for earthquake relief

　　"Thanks to the party and the government, thanks to all the firefighters who were dispatched at the critical moment, and pay tribute to the more than 100 firefighters who were dispatched to Xiuling Village in Yangbi County … …” This is a video essay of Zhao Jing Hairdressing, a villager in Lijia Village, Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County.

On May 22, in Xiuling Village, Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, officers and men of the armed police sent materials to the affected people. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao photo

　　In the farmland open space in front of the village, some forest fire officers and soldiers are building tents. After more than ten minutes, a blue tent stands in front of them. Ji Xinyang, the detachment leader of Dali Forest Fire Brigade, said that after the earthquake, the detachment dispatched 110 people and rushed to the disaster area at the first time, and evacuated people, carried materials and set up tents in the villagers’ group of Dadihuan and Pingli overnight.

　　Where there is a disaster, there is a party organization; Where there is danger, there is party member. In the epicentre village, at various resettlement sites and at the Baotong construction site, party flag fluttered in the wind. In the earthquake-stricken areas of the two places, party member cadres have become the "vanguard" of earthquake relief, the "backbone" of the people in the disaster areas and the "caring people" of the affected people.

　　At 22: 20 on the 21st, Xiong Qingfeng, Minister of People’s Armed Forces of Yangbi County, took 15 fire brigade members and 30 backbone militia members from Cangshan West Town to Xiuling Village, Cangshan West Town, the epicenter, becoming the first rescue team in the state to arrive at the epicenter. Upon the arrival of the rescue team, 299 people from 80 households in the village were immediately dealt with, and emergency evacuation, hidden danger disposal, mass appeasement, tent erection and other work were carried out.

　　In maduo county, Zhang Yueqing, the headmaster of Tibetan boarding school in party member and Huanghe Township, regardless of personal safety, immediately organized teachers to evacuate students. She arranged everything from the tent to the dinner, just like the students’ "mother". "Many children ran out without wearing socks. We were worried that they would be cold when they slept, so we put thick mats on the floor." Zhang Yue Qing said.

　　The affected people and rescue forces went up and down Qi Xin to overcome the sudden disaster.

　　Li De, a sixth-grade student in Lijiacun Primary School, Cangshan West Town, Yangbi County, had a house that was shattered into a dangerous house and could not be lived. On the morning of the 22nd, he saw firefighters building tents continuously, and he was distressed that firefighters had not slept all night, so he took the initiative to help. "I saw that the fireman’s uncle was very hard, so I came to help." Ryder said.

A corner of the resettlement site in Xiuling Village, Yangbi County, Yunnan Province (photo of drone, taken on May 22). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao photo

　　Strong earthquakes occurred successively in Yunnan and Qinghai, which aroused great concern in society. After the earthquake, China Seismological Network Center organized experts to analyze and study the recent earthquake activities in Yangbi, Yunnan Province, and considered that the pre-main-residual earthquake sequence has been formed.

　　According to the Qinghai Seismological Bureau, after an emergency consultation with experts, it is comprehensively judged that the Maduo earthquake in Qinghai is the main earthquake-aftershock type, and the aftershock activity level is about 6, which will not have a great impact on the work or life in Xining, Haidong, Hainan and Huangnan.

　　The reporter learned that the next rescue and relief work still faces some difficulties. There are difficulties in the Yangbi earthquake-stricken area in Yunnan, such as deep disasters and heavy reconstruction tasks, and aftershocks continue, and the earth trembles from time to time when reporters interview; The earthquake-stricken area in Maduo, Qinghai has a high altitude and a low temperature. In the next three days, sleet will turn cloudy, and there will be snow in some areas, which will have a great impact on rescue.

　　On the 22nd, after the working group of the Emergency Management Department arrived in Yangbi County, it immediately communicated with the relevant responsible persons of the province, state and county about the development of the previous earthquake relief work, and rushed to the epicenter to check the disaster situation and express condolences to the affected people.

　　Gao Yufeng, a member of the Working Group of the Emergency Management Department, said that the next step will be to continue to search and rescue trapped people and rescue them, properly resettle the affected people, strengthen earthquake monitoring and geological disasters and other hidden dangers, and coordinate epidemic prevention and control and earthquake relief work to ensure social stability and stability.

　　In maduo county, the harsh natural climate can’t stop the rescue. The relevant person in charge of the Qinghai Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps said that it will make full efforts to help the trapped people as the primary task, pay close attention to the changes in the disaster situation, rationally deploy forces, go all out to search and rescue the trapped people in full coverage, thoroughly investigate all kinds of hidden dangers, and actively serve the production and life of the people in the disaster areas.

　　At present, Yunnan and Qinghai are doing a good job in distributing relief materials, transferring and resettling people, verifying and reporting disasters, medical treatment for the wounded, eliminating dangers in disaster areas and preventing secondary disasters in an orderly manner, and making every effort to win earthquake relief. (Reporter Wang Changshan, Chen Kai, Ji Zhepeng, Zi Qiang, Yang Xiudazhen, Liu Xiacun, Pu Chao, Li Zhanyi, Wang Yi, Xue Yubin, Zhang Long)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Hanoi, July 12 (Reporter Sun Yi) According to the report of the Vietnamese Ministry of Health on the 12th, in the first half of this year, nearly 40,000 cases of dengue fever were diagnosed and 8 cases died in Vietnam. Since the beginning of this year, the epidemic situation of dengue fever in Vietnam has eased compared with last year, but it has just entered the high-incidence season of dengue fever and the epidemic has spread rapidly in the north of the country.

　　Ruan Wenyong, director of the Insect Research Office of the Central Institute of Malaria, Parasitology and Entomology in Vietnam, told the media that more than 1,100 cases of dengue fever were diagnosed in northern Vietnam in the first half of the year, an increase of 60% over the same period last year. The worst epidemic is in ha noi, where 823 cases of dengue fever have been confirmed this year, nearly 3.5 times the number of confirmed cases in the same period last year, but no deaths have occurred. The main reason is that the weather in ha noi is abnormal in recent days, and the rainfall after high temperature provides a good breeding environment for mosquitoes.

　　Ruan Wenyong said that abnormal climate is a major cause of the rapid spread of dengue fever. According to the past rules, there will be a peak of dengue fever transmission in Vietnam every four to five years. However, in recent years, Vietnam’s climate has become hotter and wetter, with abundant rain, which has led to mosquito infestation. In the past five years, the number of confirmed cases of dengue fever in Vietnam has been at a high level every year.

　　Dengue fever is an acute infectious disease caused by dengue virus, which is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes and is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Typical symptoms include persistent fever, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, etc., which can cause death in severe cases.

　　In order to curb the dengue fever epidemic, the Vietnamese Ministry of Health advised people to clean up the garbage in the house in time, try to wear long clothes and trousers to prevent mosquito bites, and cooperate with the local health department to take disinfection measures. When you have fever and other related symptoms, you should go to a medical institution for treatment in time, and you should not treat them at home.

　　No.2 [2006] of Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Committee

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to strengthen the management of housing provident fund deposit and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of housing provident fund owners, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Regulations of the State Council Municipality on the Administration of Housing Provident Fund, the Provisions of Beijing Municipal People’s Government on the Implementation of the Regulations on the Administration of Housing Provident Fund, and the relevant provisions of the state and this Municipality, combined with the actual situation of this Municipality.

　　Article 2 These Measures shall apply to the deposit management of housing provident fund within the administrative area of Beijing, including:

　　(1) Registration, account opening, alteration and cancellation of housing provident fund units;

　　(two) the establishment, sealing and transfer of individual accounts of housing provident fund;

　　(three) the amount of housing provident fund deposit approved;

　　(4) Remittance and payment of housing provident fund;

　　(5) Interest calculation, reconciliation and inquiry of housing provident fund.

　　Article 3 Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Management Committee) is the decision-making body of housing provident fund management in this Municipality. Perform the following duties in deposit management:

　　(a) according to the relevant laws, regulations and policies, formulate and adjust the specific management measures of housing provident fund, and supervise the implementation;

　　(two) responsible for formulating the specific deposit ratio of housing provident fund;

　　(3) Determine the applicable conditions for reducing the deposit ratio and postponing the payment of housing provident fund, and examine and approve or authorize the examination and approval unit of Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center (hereinafter referred to as the Management Center) to apply for reducing the deposit ratio or postponing the payment;

　　(four) to determine the upper limit of the deposit amount, and to examine and approve or authorize the management center to examine and approve the application of the unit that exceeds the upper limit of the deposit amount.

　　Article 4 The management center shall be responsible for the deposit management of housing provident fund within the administrative area of this Municipality.

　　Article 5 The following units and their employees shall pay the housing provident fund:

　　(1) State organs;

　　(2) State-owned enterprises, urban collective enterprises, foreign-invested enterprises, urban private enterprises and other urban enterprises;

　　(3) Institutions;

　　(4) Private non-enterprise units;

　　(5) Social organizations.

　　Other units and their employees can deposit the housing provident fund in accordance with the principle of mutual voluntariness.

　　Article 6 On-the-job employees refer to civil servants and employees who have signed employment contracts or labor contracts with their units, or who have not signed contracts but have been identified by the labor arbitration department as having a factual labor relationship for more than six months.

　　Article 7 Conditional units may, on the principle of mutual voluntariness, establish housing accumulation funds for employees who have not signed contracts for less than six months.

　　Eighth individual industrial and commercial households and freelancers can apply for housing provident fund deposit.

　　Ninth before 1993, the standard price preferential measures for the purchase of workers and couples, in line with the following circumstances, the unit should establish housing provident fund for them:

　　(a) the sum of the length of service of both husband and wife has reached 65 years and is on the job, and the housing provident fund shall be established from the second month of the husband and wife’s length of service and 65 years;

　　(two) according to the standard price preferential measures for the purchase of workers and couples, after paying the house price, According to the Trial Provisions on Housing Adjustment for House-purchasing Employees ([95] Beijing Housing Reform Office No.056), Notice on Printing and Distributing Supplementary Provisions on Housing Adjustment for House-purchasing Employees ([97] Beijing Housing Reform Office No.071) and Notice of Beijing Municipality on Establishing Housing Provident Fund for Employees who Purchase Houses by Preferential Measures at Standard Prices ([98] Beijing Housing Reform Office No.071)

　　Chapter II Registration and Account Establishment

　　Tenth units should go to the management center for housing provident fund deposit registration.

　　The newly established unit shall, within 30 days from the date of establishment, go to the management center for registration of housing provident fund deposit.

　　Units handling the registration of housing provident fund deposit should hold a copy of the certificate of legal person, a copy of the business license or the approval document for the establishment of the unit.

　　Eleventh units should designate a person to handle the housing provident fund related business.

　　The unit manager should hold the power of attorney of the unit and the original ID card to the management center for registration. Need to change the agent, should be timely to the management center for change registration.

　　Twelfth units should handle the formalities for the establishment of housing provident fund accounts for employees within 20 days from the date of completing the registration of housing provident fund deposit.

　　Units that employ employees shall handle the procedures for the establishment of housing provident fund accounts for employees within 30 days from the date of employment.

　　Thirteenth each employee can only have one housing provident fund account.

　　Employees employed by institutions and branches of other provinces and cities in Beijing who have not paid housing provident fund shall establish housing provident fund accounts in this city.

　　Article 14 If the registration information such as the name and address of the unit is changed, it shall go to the management center to register the change with relevant certification materials within 30 days from the date of the change.

　　Fifteenth unit merger, division, cancellation, dissolution or bankruptcy, should be within 30 days from the date of the above situation, the original unit or liquidation organization to the management center for registration of change or cancellation of registration.

　　Units handling the registration of change or cancellation of housing provident fund shall issue relevant certification materials.

　　Sixteenth employees’ personal registration information, such as name, ID number, etc., is changed, and the relevant certification materials should be used to register the change.

　　Chapter III Deposit

　　Seventeenth housing provident fund year from July 1st of this year to June 30th of the following year; The housing provident fund year included in the financial budget management unit can be from January 1st to December 31st.

　　Article 18 The monthly deposit of housing provident fund shall be adjusted once a year.

　　The monthly deposit of housing provident fund consists of two parts: the monthly deposit of employee housing provident fund and the monthly deposit of unit housing provident fund.

　　The monthly deposit amount of employee housing provident fund is the average monthly salary of employees multiplied by the deposit ratio of employee housing provident fund.

　　The monthly deposit amount of unit housing provident fund is the average monthly salary of employees multiplied by the deposit ratio of unit housing provident fund.

　　Article 19 The average monthly salary of employees shall be determined by dividing the total salary of employees from January 1 to December 31 of the previous year by 12.

　　The total wages are calculated in accordance with the provisions of the National Bureau of Statistics on conscientiously implementing the provisions on the composition of total wages (No.1 [1990] of the Control Word).

　　Article 20 The monthly deposit amount of employee housing provident fund in a new job or transferred to a new unit shall be calculated according to the employee’s monthly salary.

　　Twenty-first city housing provident fund deposit ratio, drawn up by the CMC, approved by the Municipal People’s government, announced to the public.

　　Article 22 The housing accumulation fund paid by individual employees shall be withheld and remitted from their wages by the unit where they work.

　　The unit shall remit the housing provident fund paid by the unit and remitted for the employees to the housing provident fund account opened by the management center in the bank within 5 days from the date of monthly payment of employees’ wages. After the funds are received, the management center will allocate the corresponding funds into the employee housing provident fund personal account.

　　New employees began to pay housing provident fund from the second month of their work.

　　The newly transferred employees shall pay the housing provident fund from the month when the transferred units pay wages.

　　Seconded, expatriate workers, the unit that has established labor relations with the workers is responsible for the implementation of the housing provident fund deposit.

　　Article 23 After deducting the monthly contribution of employee housing provident fund, if the employee’s salary is lower than the minimum wage standard published by Beijing Municipal Bureau of Labor and Social Security, the monthly contribution of employee housing provident fund may be reduced to reach the minimum wage standard. The monthly deposit amount of unit housing provident fund remains unchanged.

　　If the wages of laid-off workers and retired workers are lower than the basic living expenses of laid-off workers announced by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Labor and Social Security after deducting the monthly payment of housing provident fund, the monthly payment of housing provident fund for laid-off workers can be reduced to reach the basic living expenses of laid-off workers. The monthly deposit amount of unit housing provident fund remains unchanged.

　　Article 24 The upper limit of the monthly deposit of housing provident fund shall be determined by multiplying 300% of the average monthly salary of employees in Beijing in the previous year by the sum of the deposit ratio of housing provident fund of units and employees in that year.

　　The implementation period of the upper limit of the monthly deposit of housing provident fund is one housing provident fund year.

　　The upper limit of the monthly deposit of housing provident fund shall be adjusted and announced by the CMC in a timely manner.

　　Twenty-fifth units over the upper limit of the monthly deposit of housing provident fund, should be approved by the higher authorities or regulatory authorities, and reported to the CMC for approval after the audit of the management center; If there is no superior competent department or regulatory department, it shall be reported to the management Committee for approval after being audited by the management center.

　　Twenty-sixth units that have paid the housing provident fund in full by the financial department will no longer be examined and approved if the deposit amount exceeds the upper limit.

　　Article 27 The unit shall pay the housing provident fund according to the approved monthly deposit amount, and the underpayment shall be supplemented. After the overpayment is confirmed by the unit and the management center, the unit shall inform the employee himself, deduct the overpayment from the employee housing provident fund account and transfer it back to the paying unit.

　　Article 28. Units that have real difficulties in paying the housing provident fund may, after discussion and approval by the workers’ congress or trade union of the unit, handle the reduction of the payment ratio or holdover if there is no workers’ congress or trade union, with the consent of more than two-thirds of all the workers, and after being audited by the management center and reported to the management committee for approval.

　　If the average monthly salary of employees in the current year is higher than the average monthly salary of employees in the previous year announced by the statistics department of this Municipality, it shall not apply for reducing the deposit ratio.

　　The examination and approval of the application of the unit to reduce the deposit ratio or holdover the housing provident fund shall be completed within 30 days from the date of receiving the application of the unit.

　　Article 29 The application period for reducing the deposit ratio or deferring the housing provident fund shall not exceed one year at a time. If the unit cannot resume normal deposit and needs to continue to reduce the deposit ratio or postpone payment, it shall go through the renewal formalities within one month before the expiration.

　　Thirtieth units to reduce the deposit ratio, after the economic benefits of the unit improve, should restore the normal housing provident fund deposit ratio.

　　The holdover of housing provident fund units should pay the holdover of housing provident fund after the economic benefits of the units improve. Units and employees to terminate the labor relationship, the outstanding housing provident fund should be paid to the employee’s individual housing provident fund account.

　　Units that have deferred housing provident fund for three consecutive years may apply for reducing the proportion of housing provident fund deposit during the deferred period.

　　Thirty-first units that have not yet established housing provident fund shall go through the deposit registration at the management center, go through the formalities for the establishment of housing provident fund accounts for their employees, and deposit housing provident fund.

　　Thirty-second units to repay the previous year’s housing provident fund, should be calculated in accordance with the provisions of the scope and standards of employees.

　　For units that have difficulty in calculating the overdue amount, the monthly deposit amount can be calculated according to the average monthly salary of employees of this unit in the previous year of the overdue year or the average monthly salary of employees announced by the statistics department of this Municipality.

　　The overdue amount calculated by the unit and the employees respectively shall be paid by the unit to the management center.

　　Units that have difficulties in paying back the previous annual housing provident fund may apply for reducing the deposit ratio or holdover after discussion and approval by the staff and workers’ congress or trade union of the unit, and with the consent of more than two-thirds of all the staff and workers, and after being audited by the management center and reported to the management Committee for approval.

　　Thirty-third units merger, division, cancellation, dissolution or bankruptcy, should pay the unpaid and underpaid housing provident fund for employees.

　　When the unit is merged or divided, if it is unable to pay back, it should be clear about the main body responsible for paying back the housing provident fund before going through the relevant formalities.

　　When the unit is revoked, dissolved or bankrupt, it shall pay off the housing provident fund of the unpaid employees in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and this Municipality.

　　When the unit goes bankrupt, the housing accumulation fund of unpaid employees should be regarded as an integral part of employees’ wages and included in the bankruptcy liquidation procedure to give priority to liquidation.

　　Chapter IV Sealing up and Transferring

　　Thirty-fourth workers and units to temporarily suspend the wage relationship but still retain the labor relationship, the unit should handle the internal storage procedures of housing provident fund for employees.

　　Thirty-fifth management center to set up a centralized storage warehouse, the management of the following circumstances:

　　(a) the transfer of the original unit or the termination of labor relations with the original unit, and the new unit has not been implemented or the housing provident fund has not been established;

　　(two) transferred to other provinces and cities, the unit has not established housing provident fund;

　　(three) the unit is revoked, dissolved or bankrupt;

　　(four) the employee housing provident fund is sealed in the unit and voluntarily transferred to the centralized storage warehouse;

　　(5) Others.

　　Thirty-sixth workers housing provident fund into centralized storage management, the unit shall apply to the management center and provide a copy of the employee’s identity certificate.

　　Article 37 Under any of the following circumstances, a unit or employee shall go through the formalities for the transfer of individual housing provident fund, and the individual housing provident fund account under the original unit housing provident fund account shall be transferred to the newly transferred unit or centralized storage:

　　(a) the workers are transferred to work within the scope of this Municipality;

　　(two) workers transferred from the city;

　　(3) The unit is merged or divided;

　　(four) after the cancellation, dissolution or bankruptcy of the unit, the employee housing provident fund enters the centralized storage management;

　　(five) centralized storage warehouse workers and new units to establish labor relations;

　　(six) other need to handle the transfer procedures.

　　Thirty-eighth units and employees to terminate the labor relationship, the original unit shall, within 30 days from the date of termination of the labor relationship with employees, handle the procedures for the transfer of housing provident fund to centralized storage.

　　After the employees form labor relations with the new unit, the new unit shall, within 30 days from the date of establishing labor relations with the employees, handle the transfer procedures of housing provident fund accounts for the employees.

　　Article 39 Where a unit is merged, divided, revoked, dissolved or bankrupt, it shall handle the formalities of transfer or centralized storage of housing provident fund accounts for its employees with the audit documents of the management center within 20 days from the date of completing the registration of change or cancellation.

　　Article 40 If the unit fails to handle the formalities of sealing and transferring the housing provident fund account for employees, the employees may apply to the management center for urging the unit to handle it with valid certification materials.

　　If it is still not handled after being urged, the management center can handle it according to my application.

　　Chapter V Reconciliation, Inquiry and Interest Calculation

　　Forty-first management center should reconcile with the deposit unit and employees every year.

　　Management center in July 31 each year, released to the public housing provident fund reconciliation announcement.

　　The management center shall, before August 31st of each year, issue reconciliation vouchers for housing provident fund to the deposit units and employees.

　　Forty-second units have the right to inquire about the deposit of housing provident fund of their own units, and the management center shall cooperate.

　　Workers have the right to inquire about the deposit of their housing provident fund, and the management center should cooperate.

　　Forty-third workers and units have objections to the housing provident fund account deposit, you can apply to the management center for review. The management center shall give a written reply within 5 days from the date of receiving the application.

　　Forty-fourth management centers, entrusted banks and related staff should keep the information of employees’ housing provident fund accounts confidential.

　　Forty-fifth management center to provide housing provident fund depositors with housing provident fund card or housing provident fund passbook, as a valid certificate of housing provident fund deposit.

　　Forty-sixth housing provident fund from the date of deposit in the employee housing provident fund account, according to the interest rate stipulated by the state.

　　During the period when the employee housing provident fund account is sealed, the housing provident fund will bear interest as usual.

　　Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 47 The term referred to in these Measures shall be calculated on working days (excluding legal holidays).

　　Article 48 The Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Measures.

　　Article 49 These Measures shall come into force as of April 1, 2006. The provisions that are inconsistent with these measures shall prevail.