Editor’s note:The harm of heart disease has long been known to people, but many people don’t understand its symptoms. In this issue, Xiao Bian talks with you about what symptoms are heart disease and how to correctly judge them. What fruits do you often eat to promote heart health?

　　What symptom shows that the heart is not good?

　　Have the symptoms of chest tightness, palpitation and chest pain, is it a heart disease?

　　Not necessarily. The common symptoms of heart disease include chest tightness, palpitation and chest pain, but the appearance of these symptoms does not mean that it is a heart disease, but it may also be caused by the imbalance of nerve function regulation. In addition, chest tightness and palpitation can also occur during strenuous exercise and overwork, but what needs to be distinguished is that chest tightness and palpitation caused by non-cardiac organic lesions will not last long, and may improve after rest, while heart patients will aggravate discomfort when they have a large amount of activity. Therefore, it is suggested that, to be on the safe side, people with this symptom should go to the hospital for further diagnosis to determine whether there is heart disease.

　　Clinically, we often see the symptoms of heart disease caused by neurosis, that is to say, after examination, patients have no organic lesions in their hearts, but they always feel very flustered, or their chest is stuffy, uncomfortable and difficult to breathe, which is more common in women. This is due to the influence of anxiety, tension, emotional excitement, mental trauma and other factors, the process of excitation and inhibition of the central nervous system of the human body is hindered, and the cardiovascular system regulated by autonomic nerves is also disordered, causing a series of symptoms of excessive sympathetic nerve tension. Such people should learn to decompress, relax and exercise moderately, and should be treated with psychotherapy when necessary.

　　Some young people often have a rapid heartbeat. Is this a sign of heart disease?

　　Most young people who have this situation may not have heart disease, especially young women. In addition, people without basic diseases may have an accelerated heartbeat after mood swings, nervousness, fright, exercise, excessive smoking and drinking. If these symptoms appear under the above conditions, don’t worry too much. However, if the heart rate is too fast, it is definitely not good. If the adult’s heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute, even if it is tachycardia, it will easily increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we should learn to control our emotions, exercise moderately, quit smoking and limit alcohol.

　　My heart often thumps, and I feel like I have stopped jumping. Is this a heart attack?

　　This problem should be paid attention to, and it may be premature beats. The incidence of premature beats is very high, which can occur in healthy people and people with heart diseases. The factors such as mental stress, drinking, drinking coffee and poor sleep are the inducement. Premature beats can be divided into benign and malignant. Premature beats without heart disease are benign. If the symptoms are not obvious and have no impact on life, there is no need to treat them. However, if it is premature beats caused by coronary heart disease and hypertension, we should pay enough attention to it. Therefore, if you find premature beats, you should go to the hospital and let the doctor check whether there is a basic heart disease.

　　What symptoms should be suspected of heart disease?

　　There are many manifestations of heart disease. For example, patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris may have atypical angina pectoris such as stomachache, abdominal pain, dizziness and abdominal distension, in addition to chest tightness, heartache, palpitation, shortness of breath and tightness of throat. Pain, edema, etc. in both lower limbs may also be manifestations of heart failure. It is best to go to the hospital immediately in order to find the condition in time.

　　14 kinds of fruits are the most heart-protecting.

　　The website "US News and World Report" summarizes 14 kinds of fruits that can promote heart health.

　　1. pears. A medium-sized pear can provide 30% more soluble dietary fiber than an apple of the same size, which helps to reduce the cholesterol content in the body. It is recommended to eat the peel together after washing, and peeling will lose half of the dietary fiber.

　　2. Apricot. Apricot is rich in antioxidant vitamin C, which helps to prevent chronic diseases, such as cancer and heart disease. Moreover, apricot is bright orange yellow because it contains β Carotene, which can be converted into vitamin A in human body, plays an important role in protecting eyesight, maintaining skin integrity, resisting infection, enhancing immunity and nerve development.

　　3. bananas. The dietary fiber, potassium, vitamin C and vitamin B6 contained in bananas work together to ensure that the heart is in the best working condition.

　　4. Lemon. Lemon is rich in vitamin C, which is good for immune system, intestine and heart health. The pectin it contains can not only prolong satiety, but also reduce cholesterol in the body.

　　5. peaches. Peach contains a lot of vitamin C, which helps to eliminate free radicals and promote the normal work of the body’s defense system. It contains phenolic compounds with biological activity and can promote the body to fight inflammation. The high dietary fiber content in peaches helps to reduce the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, thus playing a role in preventing cardiovascular diseases.

　　6. citrus. Citrus is the source of high-quality vitamin C. The calorie of a citrus is only 35 kilocalories, but it can meet 40% of the daily demand for vitamin C..

　　7. avocado. Avocado is rich in potassium, which can help the heart beat normally, regulate blood pressure and promote muscle contraction. This nutrient can also maintain the normal functioning of body cells and reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke and renal failure.

　　8. plums. This purple-skinned fruit has a high content of polyphenols, which is an anti-inflammatory antioxidant. The dietary fiber content of plums is also high. Proper consumption can help reduce the cholesterol content in the body, regulate the intestinal function and lose weight.

　　9. Nectarine. Nectarine is rich in vitamin C and vitamin E, which can be used as antioxidants to fight free radicals and avoid cell damage. Nectarine also contains copper and potassium, which has a good effect on keeping blood pressure stable and maintaining mineral balance in the body.

　　10. Persimmons. Persimmon is rich in vitamin A and dietary fiber, which is good for heart health.

　　11. Watermelon. A study by Florida State University found that eating watermelon for overweight people can lower blood pressure, thus reducing the risk of heart attack. Citrulline and arginine in watermelon are beneficial to vasodilation, which helps to regulate blood pressure. In addition, a Spanish study found that drinking watermelon juice before exercise can quickly eliminate lactic acid and relieve muscle soreness after exercise.

　　12. Blueberries. Eating blueberries has been proved to prevent the formation of inflammatory molecules in the body. It contains anthocyanins, which can reduce oxidative stress and help protect DNA from the growth of malignant cells.

　　13. cherries. Cherry is relatively low in calories and contains a lot of nutrients, such as dietary fiber, vitamin C, carotenoids and potassium. Studies have shown that eating cherries can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer.

　　14. apples. Cornell University research found that eating apples can reduce the risk of thrombosis and stroke. In order to obtain the maximum health effect, it is best to eat apples with skin after washing.

　　Ten habits make the heart healthier.

　　Improving diet and strengthening exercise are recognized as effective ways to protect the heart. But more and more research shows that there are many small ways to protect heart health besides eating and moving.

　　1. hug. Studies have shown that snuggling with your lover can release oxytocin, a hormone that helps lower blood pressure and release stress.

　　2. laugh. Laughter can stimulate blood vessels to dilate, up to 22%, thus enhancing blood flow and lowering blood pressure.

　　3. Eat chocolate. Cocoa beans are rich in antioxidants, which can enhance the immune system function and help the body resist external harm.

　　4. keep a pet. The data shows that people who keep pets have relatively low blood pressure and lower risk of heart disease than those who don’t keep pets. This may be because people who have pets exercise more than people who don’t have pets.

　　5. Eat vegetarian food once a week. Eating less meat is one of the important measures to protect the heart. Studies show that a proper vegetarian diet can reduce the risk of heart disease by 32%. It is recommended to be vegetarian at least once a week.

　　Step 6 stand. Whether at work or at rest, we sit most of the day, which will increase the risk of heart disease to some extent. Standing up, taking a walk in the office, chatting with colleagues, or walking around every few hours can all improve heart health.

　　7. Maintain moderate sleep time. You need to get 7-8 hours of sleep every night. Studies have shown that sleeping too little will increase the risk of heart disease by 48%, while sleeping too much will increase the risk of heart disease by 38%.

　　8.caffeine. Drinking 1~3 cups of black coffee every day helps to stabilize the heart rate.

　　9. Stay away from noisy roads. Research shows that the risk of heart disease will increase by 12% for every 10 decibels of noise you are exposed to on the highway.

　　10. get married. The survey found that the hearts of married people are healthier than those of single people. For women, a stable marriage lasting for 10 years can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by 13%.

　　Go to the heart clinic with ten questions

　　What are the symptoms of heart disease? Most people know that chest pain and oppression are typical symptoms of heart disease, but there are also many atypical symptoms of the disease, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness and leg swelling. Moreover, there are differences in symptoms between male and female patients.

　　What tests should I do? Exercise test, imaging examination or other invasive examination are all helpful for doctors to know the condition in detail and make a definite diagnosis.

　　What is the ideal blood pressure? Hypertension can lead to heart attacks and other serious health problems, such as aneurysms, strokes and cognitive decline. For most adults, the optimal control range of blood pressure is below 120/80 mm Hg.

　　How much "bad" cholesterol should be controlled? Excess "bad" cholesterol will be deposited in blood vessels, which will increase the risk of heart disease, so it must be strictly controlled. Healthy adults should be below 3.4 mmol/L, and people with cardiovascular diseases should be controlled below 1.8~2.6 mmol/L.

　　Do I need to take aspirin every day? Medical experts at the Mayo Clinic said that taking low-dose aspirin every day under the guidance of a doctor can prevent platelets from sticking together to form clots and help prevent heart attacks. However, this treatment scheme is not suitable for everyone, which may increase the risk of bleeding for some people, and it can not prevent the healthy people.

　　What activities should I avoid doing? For people with healthy hearts, most exercise is harmless. However, if you have potentially serious diseases, such as cancer and arterial obstruction, it is recommended not to do aerobic exercise and strength training.

　　Will my family history affect my diagnosis? The risk factors and incidence probability of heart disease are closely related to family history and heredity. Therefore, patients should take the initiative to inform the doctor, which is helpful to accurately evaluate the disease.

　　Does personal medical history affect diagnosis? For cardiologists, it is important to know whether you have suspected symptoms of heart disease, such as fatigue, difficulty breathing when lying down, and rapid and irregular heartbeat. The patient must tell the expert about the major diseases he has suffered before or now, and provide detailed information: how long ago he fell ill, the duration, the drugs he took during this period, and what surgery he had.

　　What should I do to prevent and treat heart disease in my daily life? Although you can’t do anything about family history, there are some ways to reduce other risk factors of heart disease, such as controlling blood pressure, blood lipids, blood sugar, smoking ban and alcohol restriction.

　　Where can I learn about health science information? Patients can consult experts or read websites, newspapers and magazines with medical background, which can provide you with more reliable knowledge of disease prevention and treatment. (People’s Health Network Comprehensive from Life Times)

Sitting around a table with my family and eating a family reunion dinner cooked by them is probably what most people think of New Year’s Eve. However, there are a group of people who still stick to their posts on New Year’s Eve. Their persistence is to ensure the smooth travel of passengers from south to north. Kang Bin, director of the North Passenger Transport Workshop of Chongqing Railway Station, is one of them.

"The train arrived at 16: 08. Did you get all the gloves? Check it again, it’s sloppy. " At 15: 20 on January 24, Kang Bin said with a walkie-talkie. Then, he strode forward to the duty room and organized personnel to make relevant preparations.

At 15: 30, eight staff members arrived.

Wear masks, rubber gloves and goggles … Kang Bin and his colleagues skillfully put on protective tools and walked to the exit. "Everyone will be divided into 4 groups, 2 people in each group, take temperature one by one, wear protective gear and pay attention to safety." Along the way, Kang Bin kept telling the team members.

At 15: 40, all the team members are in place. Everyone stands in their positions, takes out hand-held temperature detectors, measures each other’s temperatures, and tests the instruments. After everything is in order, they wait for the outbound passengers.

At 16: 10, a large number of passengers emerged at the exit. Two staff members kept order at the scene and let everyone line up in turn. The staff members stood at the gate exit and took the temperature of each passenger. Kang Bin told chongqing morning post, an upstream news reporter, that there are now more than 40 trains that leave and stop in Wuhan every day (Wuhan keeps turning back immediately), and each train has at least 600 passengers. They have to take the temperature of the passengers on each train, and the workload is very heavy.

At 16: 30, the temperature measurement is over. Kang Bin returned to the office with the team members, took off his glasses, gloves and washed his hands … "Let’s rest for a few minutes, and the next bus is at 16: 26." Kang Bin said.

"Today, we have more than 200 people on duty, many of whom give up their vacations and rush to the front line without hesitation." Kang Bin said that at the age of 45, he is an old railway passer-by. He has been working for 23 years, and he can’t remember how many New Year’s Eve years he hasn’t been at home. Originally, he took a break on the 23rd. Because of special circumstances, he arrived at his post early at 23: 00 on the 22nd, and together with his colleagues, he went all out to do a good job in epidemic prevention and control.

"On New Year’s Eve this year, another group of colleagues spent it together." Kang Bin said that this year, colleagues agreed that everyone would bring a dish and have a "hundred-family banquet" together.

Upstream News chongqing morning post Reporter Li Jing Intern Liu Yanqiu Photography hujie

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